Non-Methane Hydrocarbons Emission during the Photocopying Process
Prosperity of electronic equipment in photocopying
environment not only has improved work efficiency, but also has
changed indoor air quality. Considering the number of photocopying
employed, indoor air quality might be worse than in general office
environments. Determining the contribution from any type of
equipment to indoor air pollution is a complex matter. Non-methane
hydrocarbons are known to have an important role on air quality due
to their high reactivity. The presence of hazardous pollutants in
indoor air has been detected in one photocopying shop in Novi Sad,
Serbia. Air samples were collected and analyzed for five days, during
8-hr working time in three time intervals, whereas three different
sampling points were determined. Using multiple linear regression
model and software package STATISTICA 10 the concentrations of
occupational hazards and microclimates parameters were mutually
correlated. Based on the obtained multiple coefficients of
determination (0.3751, 0.2389 and 0.1975), a weak positive
correlation between the observed variables was determined. Small
values of parameter F indicated that there was no statistically
significant difference between the concentration levels of nonmethane
hydrocarbons and microclimates parameters. The results
showed that variable could be presented by the general regression
model: y = b0 + b1xi1+ b2xi2. Obtained regression equations allow to
measure the quantitative agreement between the variables and thus
obtain more accurate knowledge of their mutual relations.
[1] B. Singh, A. Kumar, D. Singh, M. Punia, K. Kumar, and V. Jain, “An
assessment of ozone levels, UV radiation and their occupational health
hazard estimation during photocopying operation,” J. Hazard. Mater.,
vol. 275, pp. 55-65, May 2014.
[2] K.I. Goud, Q. Hasan, N. Balakrishna, K. Prabhakar Rao, and Y. Ahuja,
“Genotoxicity evaluation of individuals working with photocopying
machines,” Mutat. Res., vol. 563, no. 2, pp. 151–158, Oct. 2004.
[3] A. Talapatra, and A. Srivastava, “Ambient Air Non-Methane Volatile
Organic Compound (NMVOC) Study Initiatives in India - a Review,”
Journal of Environmental Protection, vol. 2, no. 1 pp. 21-36, March
2011.
[4] R.S. Russo, Y. Zhou, M.L. White, H. Mao, R. Talbot, and B.C. Sive,
“Multi-year (2004–2008) record of nonmethane hydrocarbons and
halocarbons in New England: seasonal variations and regional sources,”
Atmos. Chem. Phys., vol. 10, pp. 1083–1134, May 2010.
[5] J. Kiurski, V. Kecić, I. Oros, S. Aksentijević, N. Ralević, “Indoor air
quality in photocopying facility with statistical analysis,” in Proc. 19th
International Symposium on Analytical and Environmental Problems,
Szeged, Hungary, 2013, pp. 161-164.
[6] V. Kecić, S. Aksentijević, I. Oros, J. Kiurski, “Indoor emission of
prepress procesess,” in Proc. 15th Danube-Kris-Mures-Tisa (DKMT)
Euroregion Conference on Environment and Health, Novi Sad, Serbia,
2013, pp. 181-186.
[7] J. Kiurski, V. Kecić, I. Oros, J. Ranogajec, “Ammonia Release during
Photocopying Operations,” in Proc. of World Academy of Science,
Engineering and Technology (WASET), Lisbon, Portugal, 2014, pp. 692-
696.
[8] J.H. Tang, L.Y. Chan, C.Y. Chan, Y.S. Lia, C.C. Chang, S.C. Liu et al.,
"Characteristics and diurnal variations of NMHCs at urban, suburban,
and rural sites in the Pearl River Delta and a remote site in South China",
Atmos. Environ, vol. 41, no. 38 pp. 8620–8632, Dec. 2007.
[9] E. Choi, K. Choi, and S.M. Yi, “Non-methane hydrocarbons in the
atmosphere of a Metropolitan City and a background site in South
Korea: Sources and health risk potentials,” Atmos. Environ., vol. 45, no.
40, pp. 7563-7573, Dec. 2011.
[10] M. Tranmer, M. Elliot, Multiple linear regression, (Book style). The
School of Social Sciences, University of Manchester, 2008, pp. 1-47.
[1] B. Singh, A. Kumar, D. Singh, M. Punia, K. Kumar, and V. Jain, “An
assessment of ozone levels, UV radiation and their occupational health
hazard estimation during photocopying operation,” J. Hazard. Mater.,
vol. 275, pp. 55-65, May 2014.
[2] K.I. Goud, Q. Hasan, N. Balakrishna, K. Prabhakar Rao, and Y. Ahuja,
“Genotoxicity evaluation of individuals working with photocopying
machines,” Mutat. Res., vol. 563, no. 2, pp. 151–158, Oct. 2004.
[3] A. Talapatra, and A. Srivastava, “Ambient Air Non-Methane Volatile
Organic Compound (NMVOC) Study Initiatives in India - a Review,”
Journal of Environmental Protection, vol. 2, no. 1 pp. 21-36, March
2011.
[4] R.S. Russo, Y. Zhou, M.L. White, H. Mao, R. Talbot, and B.C. Sive,
“Multi-year (2004–2008) record of nonmethane hydrocarbons and
halocarbons in New England: seasonal variations and regional sources,”
Atmos. Chem. Phys., vol. 10, pp. 1083–1134, May 2010.
[5] J. Kiurski, V. Kecić, I. Oros, S. Aksentijević, N. Ralević, “Indoor air
quality in photocopying facility with statistical analysis,” in Proc. 19th
International Symposium on Analytical and Environmental Problems,
Szeged, Hungary, 2013, pp. 161-164.
[6] V. Kecić, S. Aksentijević, I. Oros, J. Kiurski, “Indoor emission of
prepress procesess,” in Proc. 15th Danube-Kris-Mures-Tisa (DKMT)
Euroregion Conference on Environment and Health, Novi Sad, Serbia,
2013, pp. 181-186.
[7] J. Kiurski, V. Kecić, I. Oros, J. Ranogajec, “Ammonia Release during
Photocopying Operations,” in Proc. of World Academy of Science,
Engineering and Technology (WASET), Lisbon, Portugal, 2014, pp. 692-
696.
[8] J.H. Tang, L.Y. Chan, C.Y. Chan, Y.S. Lia, C.C. Chang, S.C. Liu et al.,
"Characteristics and diurnal variations of NMHCs at urban, suburban,
and rural sites in the Pearl River Delta and a remote site in South China",
Atmos. Environ, vol. 41, no. 38 pp. 8620–8632, Dec. 2007.
[9] E. Choi, K. Choi, and S.M. Yi, “Non-methane hydrocarbons in the
atmosphere of a Metropolitan City and a background site in South
Korea: Sources and health risk potentials,” Atmos. Environ., vol. 45, no.
40, pp. 7563-7573, Dec. 2011.
[10] M. Tranmer, M. Elliot, Multiple linear regression, (Book style). The
School of Social Sciences, University of Manchester, 2008, pp. 1-47.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:69995", author = "Kiurski S. Jelena and Aksentijević M. Snežana and Kecić S. Vesna and Oros B. Ivana", title = "Non-Methane Hydrocarbons Emission during the Photocopying Process", abstract = "Prosperity of electronic equipment in photocopying
environment not only has improved work efficiency, but also has
changed indoor air quality. Considering the number of photocopying
employed, indoor air quality might be worse than in general office
environments. Determining the contribution from any type of
equipment to indoor air pollution is a complex matter. Non-methane
hydrocarbons are known to have an important role on air quality due
to their high reactivity. The presence of hazardous pollutants in
indoor air has been detected in one photocopying shop in Novi Sad,
Serbia. Air samples were collected and analyzed for five days, during
8-hr working time in three time intervals, whereas three different
sampling points were determined. Using multiple linear regression
model and software package STATISTICA 10 the concentrations of
occupational hazards and microclimates parameters were mutually
correlated. Based on the obtained multiple coefficients of
determination (0.3751, 0.2389 and 0.1975), a weak positive
correlation between the observed variables was determined. Small
values of parameter F indicated that there was no statistically
significant difference between the concentration levels of nonmethane
hydrocarbons and microclimates parameters. The results
showed that variable could be presented by the general regression
model: y = b0 + b1xi1+ b2xi2. Obtained regression equations allow to
measure the quantitative agreement between the variables and thus
obtain more accurate knowledge of their mutual relations.", keywords = "Indoor air quality, multiple regression analysis, nonmethane
hydrocarbons, photocopying process.", volume = "9", number = "5", pages = "575-4", }