Mycoflora of Activated Sludge with MBRs in Berlin, Germany
Thirty six samples from each (aerobic and anoxic)
activated sludge were collected from two wastewater treatment plants
with MBRs in Berlin, Germany. The samples were prepared for count
and definition of fungal isolates; these isolates were purified by
conventional techniques and identified by microscopic examination.
Sixty tow species belonging to 28 genera were isolated from
activated sludge samples under aerobic conditions (28 genera and 58
species) and anoxic conditions (26 genera and 52 species). The
obtained data show that, Aspergillus was found at 94.4% followed by
Penicillium 61.1 %, Fusarium (61.1 %), Trichoderma (44.4 %) and
Geotrichum candidum (41.6 %) species were the most prevalent in all
activated sludge samples. The study confirmed that fungi can thrive
in activated sludge and sporulation, but isolated in different numbers
depending on the effect of aeration system. Some fungal species in
our study are saprophytic, and other a pathogenic to plants and
animals.
[1] K. Ulfig, "Studies of keratinolytic and keratinophilic fungi in sewage
sludge by means of a multi-temperature hair baiting method," Polish
Journal of Environmental Studies, vol. 12, no. 4, pp.461-466. 2003.
[2] K. Ulfig, "Sludge liming decreases the growth of keratinolytic and
Keratinophilic fungi," Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, vol. 15,
no. 2, pp. 341-346. 2006.
[3] M. Kacperzak, E. Neczaj, and E. Okoniewska, "The comparative
mycological analysis of wastewater and sewage sludge from selected
wastewater treatment plants, Desalination" vol. 185, no. 1-3, pp. 363-
370. 2005.
[4] I. Rosas, A. Baez, and M. Coutino, "Bacteriological Quality of Crops
Irrigation with Wastewater in the Xochimilco plots, Mexico City,
Mexico," Applid and Environ Microbio. May, pp. 1074-1079. 1984.
[5] A. H. S. Al-Zubeiry, "Microflora inhabiting raw sewage, secondary
effluent and dewatered sludge in IBB, YEMEN REPUBLIC," Assiut
University Bulletin for Environmental Research, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1-16.
2005.
[6] F. Bux, and H. C. A. Kasan, "Microbiological survey of ten activated
sludge plants," Water SA, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 61-72. 1994.
[7] G.S. de Hoog, J.F. Guarro, and M. J. Gene, "Atlas of Clinical Fungi,"
2nd ed. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht, The
Netherlands and Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain, ISBN: 978-
9070351434, pp. 1124. 2000
[8] K. H. Domsch, W. Gams, and T. Anderson, "Compendium of Soil
Fungi," Lubrecht & Cramer Ltd (London). ISBN: 978-3980308380, pp.
600. 1980.
[9] D. H. Larone, "Medically Important Fungi, A Guide to Identification,"
3rd ed., ASM Press, Washington, D.C., ISBN: 978-1555810917. pp. 274.
1995.
[10] A. H. Moubasher, "Soil fungi of Qatar and other Arab Countries," The
Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar, Doha,
Qatar, pp 566. 1993.
[11] J. I. Pitt, and A. D. Hocking, "Fungi and food spoilage," Springer
Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York. ISBN-978-0-387-92206-5. pp.
501. 2009.
[12] T. Watanabe, "Pictorial atlas of soil and seed fungi. Morphologies of
cultured fungi and key to species," .2nd, CRC, Press, Boca Raton,
London, New York, Washington, D.C. pp. 48. 2002.
[13] A. I. I. Abdel-Hafez, and H. M. M. EL-Sharouny, "Seasonal fluctuations
of fungi in Egyptian soil receiving city sewage effluents," Cryptogamie
Mycology, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 235-249. 1987.
[14] A. I. I. Abdel-Hafez, and H. M. M. EL-Sharouny, "The occurrence of
keratoinophilic fungi in sewage sludge from Egypt," Journal of Basic
Microbiology, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 73-79. 1990.
[15] S. Ali-Shtayeh, "Keratinophilic fungi isolated from children-s sandpits in
the Nablus area, West Bank of Jordan," Mycopathologia, vol. 103, pp.
141- 146. 1988.
[16] M. T. Hedayati, and M. Mirzakhani, "Survey of keratinophilic fungi in
sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants of Mazandaran, Islamic
Republic of Iran," Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, vol. 15, no. 2,
pp. 451-454. 2009
[17] K. Ulfig, and M. Korcz, "Keratinophilic fungi in sewage sludge applied
to devastate urban soil, A preliminary experiment," International journal
of environmental health research, vol. 4, pp. 244-253. 1994.
[18] K. Ulfig, M. Terakowski, G. Plaza, and O. Kosarewicz, "Keratinolytic
fungi in sewage sludge," Mycopathologia, vol. 136, pp.41-46. 1996.
[19] M. D. Richardson, and B. Elewski, Fast Facts Superficial Fungal
Infections," Health Press, Oxford. 2000
[20] I. Rosas, A. Baez, M. Coutino, "Bacteriological Quality of Crops
Irrigation with Wastewater in the Xochimilco plots, Mexico City,
Mexico," Applid and Environ Microbio, May, pp. 1074-1079. 1984.
[21] P. A. Thomas, "Current perspectives on ophthalmic mycoses," Clinical
Microbiology Reviews, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 730-797. 2003.
[22] P. Onsberg, "Human infections with Microsporum gypseum in
Denmark," British Journal of Dermatology, vol. 99, no. 5, pp. 527-530.
1978.
[1] K. Ulfig, "Studies of keratinolytic and keratinophilic fungi in sewage
sludge by means of a multi-temperature hair baiting method," Polish
Journal of Environmental Studies, vol. 12, no. 4, pp.461-466. 2003.
[2] K. Ulfig, "Sludge liming decreases the growth of keratinolytic and
Keratinophilic fungi," Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, vol. 15,
no. 2, pp. 341-346. 2006.
[3] M. Kacperzak, E. Neczaj, and E. Okoniewska, "The comparative
mycological analysis of wastewater and sewage sludge from selected
wastewater treatment plants, Desalination" vol. 185, no. 1-3, pp. 363-
370. 2005.
[4] I. Rosas, A. Baez, and M. Coutino, "Bacteriological Quality of Crops
Irrigation with Wastewater in the Xochimilco plots, Mexico City,
Mexico," Applid and Environ Microbio. May, pp. 1074-1079. 1984.
[5] A. H. S. Al-Zubeiry, "Microflora inhabiting raw sewage, secondary
effluent and dewatered sludge in IBB, YEMEN REPUBLIC," Assiut
University Bulletin for Environmental Research, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1-16.
2005.
[6] F. Bux, and H. C. A. Kasan, "Microbiological survey of ten activated
sludge plants," Water SA, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 61-72. 1994.
[7] G.S. de Hoog, J.F. Guarro, and M. J. Gene, "Atlas of Clinical Fungi,"
2nd ed. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht, The
Netherlands and Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain, ISBN: 978-
9070351434, pp. 1124. 2000
[8] K. H. Domsch, W. Gams, and T. Anderson, "Compendium of Soil
Fungi," Lubrecht & Cramer Ltd (London). ISBN: 978-3980308380, pp.
600. 1980.
[9] D. H. Larone, "Medically Important Fungi, A Guide to Identification,"
3rd ed., ASM Press, Washington, D.C., ISBN: 978-1555810917. pp. 274.
1995.
[10] A. H. Moubasher, "Soil fungi of Qatar and other Arab Countries," The
Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar, Doha,
Qatar, pp 566. 1993.
[11] J. I. Pitt, and A. D. Hocking, "Fungi and food spoilage," Springer
Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York. ISBN-978-0-387-92206-5. pp.
501. 2009.
[12] T. Watanabe, "Pictorial atlas of soil and seed fungi. Morphologies of
cultured fungi and key to species," .2nd, CRC, Press, Boca Raton,
London, New York, Washington, D.C. pp. 48. 2002.
[13] A. I. I. Abdel-Hafez, and H. M. M. EL-Sharouny, "Seasonal fluctuations
of fungi in Egyptian soil receiving city sewage effluents," Cryptogamie
Mycology, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 235-249. 1987.
[14] A. I. I. Abdel-Hafez, and H. M. M. EL-Sharouny, "The occurrence of
keratoinophilic fungi in sewage sludge from Egypt," Journal of Basic
Microbiology, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 73-79. 1990.
[15] S. Ali-Shtayeh, "Keratinophilic fungi isolated from children-s sandpits in
the Nablus area, West Bank of Jordan," Mycopathologia, vol. 103, pp.
141- 146. 1988.
[16] M. T. Hedayati, and M. Mirzakhani, "Survey of keratinophilic fungi in
sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants of Mazandaran, Islamic
Republic of Iran," Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, vol. 15, no. 2,
pp. 451-454. 2009
[17] K. Ulfig, and M. Korcz, "Keratinophilic fungi in sewage sludge applied
to devastate urban soil, A preliminary experiment," International journal
of environmental health research, vol. 4, pp. 244-253. 1994.
[18] K. Ulfig, M. Terakowski, G. Plaza, and O. Kosarewicz, "Keratinolytic
fungi in sewage sludge," Mycopathologia, vol. 136, pp.41-46. 1996.
[19] M. D. Richardson, and B. Elewski, Fast Facts Superficial Fungal
Infections," Health Press, Oxford. 2000
[20] I. Rosas, A. Baez, M. Coutino, "Bacteriological Quality of Crops
Irrigation with Wastewater in the Xochimilco plots, Mexico City,
Mexico," Applid and Environ Microbio, May, pp. 1074-1079. 1984.
[21] P. A. Thomas, "Current perspectives on ophthalmic mycoses," Clinical
Microbiology Reviews, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 730-797. 2003.
[22] P. Onsberg, "Human infections with Microsporum gypseum in
Denmark," British Journal of Dermatology, vol. 99, no. 5, pp. 527-530.
1978.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:58436", author = "Mohamed F. Awad and M. Kraume", title = "Mycoflora of Activated Sludge with MBRs in Berlin, Germany", abstract = "Thirty six samples from each (aerobic and anoxic)
activated sludge were collected from two wastewater treatment plants
with MBRs in Berlin, Germany. The samples were prepared for count
and definition of fungal isolates; these isolates were purified by
conventional techniques and identified by microscopic examination.
Sixty tow species belonging to 28 genera were isolated from
activated sludge samples under aerobic conditions (28 genera and 58
species) and anoxic conditions (26 genera and 52 species). The
obtained data show that, Aspergillus was found at 94.4% followed by
Penicillium 61.1 %, Fusarium (61.1 %), Trichoderma (44.4 %) and
Geotrichum candidum (41.6 %) species were the most prevalent in all
activated sludge samples. The study confirmed that fungi can thrive
in activated sludge and sporulation, but isolated in different numbers
depending on the effect of aeration system. Some fungal species in
our study are saprophytic, and other a pathogenic to plants and
animals.", keywords = "Activated sludge, membrane bioreactors, aerobic,anoxic conditions, fungi", volume = "5", number = "6", pages = "345-5", }
