Multi-agent On-line Monitor for the Safety of Critical Systems
Operational safety of critical systems, such as nuclear power plants, industrial chemical processes and means of transportation, is a major concern for system engineers and operators. A means to assure that is on-line safety monitors that deliver three safety tasks; fault detection and diagnosis, alarm annunciation and fault controlling. While current monitors deliver these tasks, benefits and limitations in their approaches have at the same time been highlighted. Drawing from those benefits, this paper develops a distributed monitor based on semi-independent agents, i.e. a multiagent system, and monitoring knowledge derived from a safety assessment model of the monitored system. Agents are deployed hierarchically and provided with knowledge portions and collaboration protocols to reason and integrate over the operational conditions of the components of the monitored system. The monitor aims to address limitations arising from the large-scale, complicated behaviour and distributed nature of monitored systems and deliver the aforementioned three monitoring tasks effectively.
[1] A. Dheedan and Y. Papadopoulos, "Multi-Agent Safety Monitoring
System," in Proc. of 10th IFAC Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS-10), Portugal, Lisbon, 1-2 July 2010, pp. 93-98.
[2] X. Ren, H. A. Thompson, and P. J. Fleming, "An agent-based system for
distributed fault diagnosis," International Journal of Knowledge-Based
and Intelligent Engineering Systems, vol. 10, no. 5, 2006, pp. 319-335.
[3] Y. S. Ng, and R. Srinivan, "Multi-agent based collaborative fault
detection and identification in chemical processes," Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, vol. 23, no. 6, 2010, pp. 934-949.
[4] A. A. Mohamed and O. Basir, "An Adaptive Multi-Agent Approach for
Distributed Alarm Correlation and Fault Identification," in Proc. Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks (PDCN 2010),
Innsbruck, Austria, 2010.
[5] M. Rollo, P. Novak, J. Kubalik, and M. Pechoucek, "Alarm Root Cause
Detection System," in Camarinha-Matos, L. M., editor, Emerging
Solutions for Future Manufacturing Systems. New York: Springer, 2004,
pp. 109-116.
[6] K. H Cho and J. T. Lim, "Multiagent Supervisory Control for Anti fault
Propagation in Serial Production Systems,", IEEE Transactions on
Industrial Electronics, vol. 48, no. 2, April, 2001, pp. 460-466.
[7] M. Mendes, B. Santos, and J. Costa, "A matlab/Simulink multi-agent
toolkit for distributed networked fault tolerant control systems," Proc.
7th IFAC symposium on Fault Detection, Supervision and Safety of
Technical Processes, Barcelona, Spain, 30 June - 3 July 2009, pp. 1073-1078.
[8] BEA, "Safety investigation into the accident on 1 June 2009 to the
Airbus A330-203, flight AF447," (online), France: Bureau of Investigations and Analysis for the safety of civil aviation (BEA), 2011.
Available:
http://www.bea.aero/fr/enquetes/vol.af.447/note29juillet2011.en.pdf
(Accessed 2nd August 2011).
[9] HSE, "Better alarm handling, HSE Information Sheet" (online). UK:
Health and Safety Executive, chemical sheet No 6, 2000. Available:
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/chis6.pdf, (Accessed 13th February 2011)
[10] Y. Papadopoulos, "Model-based system monitoring and diagnosis of
failures using state-charts and fault trees," Reliability Engineering and
System Safety, vol. 8, no. 3, 2003, pp. 325-341.
[11] Wallace C. J., Jajn G. J. and Mcarthur S. D. J., 2011. Multi-agent system
for nuclear condition monitoring. In Proc. 2nd International Workshop
on Agent Technologies for Energy System (ATES-11), a workshop of the 10th International Conference of Agent and Multi-agent System
(AAMAS-11), Taipei, Taiwan, 2nd of May 2011.
[12] A. F. Sayda, "Multi-agent systems for industrial applications: design,
development, and challenges," In: Alkhateeb F., Al Maghayreh E., Abu
Doush L., ed. Multi-Agent Systems - Modeling, Control, Programming,
Simulations and Applications. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech, 2011, pp. 469-494.
[13] E. Mangina, "Intelligent agent-based monitoring platform for applications in engineering," International Journal of Computer Science
& Applications, vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 38-48.
[14] A. Dheedan and Y. Papadopoulos, "Model-Based Distributed On-line
Safety Monitoring," in Proc. The Third International Conf. on Emerging
Network Intelligence (EMERGING 2011), Lisbon, Portugal, November
20-25, 2011, pp. 1-7.
[15] H. P. Feiler, P. D. Gluch, J. J. Hudak, "The Architectural Analysis and Design Language (AADL): An Introduction," USA: Software
Engineering Institute and Carnegie Mellon University, CMU/SEI-2006-
TN-001, 2006.
Available:
http://i12www.ira.uka.de/~engelc/lehre/seminarSS07/material/aadlIntro.
pdf (Accessed November 7th 2010).
[16] H. P. Feiler and A. Rugina, "Dependability Modelling with the
Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL)" (online), USA:
Software Engineering Institute and Carnegie Mellon University, CMU/SEI-2007-TN-043, 2007.Available: ftp://ftp.sei.cmu.edu/pub/documents/07.reports/07tn043.pdf
(Accessed November 7th 2010).
[17] M. Breen. Experience of using a lightweight formal specification
method for a commercial embedded system product line. Requirements
Engineering Journal, vol. 10, no. 2, 2005, pp. 161-172.
[18] S. D. J. McArthur, E. M. Davidson, J. A. Hossack, J. R. McDonald,
"Automating power system fault diagnosis through multi-agent system
technology," in Proc. 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on
System Sciences (HICSS'04), Big Island, Hawaii, 5-8 Jan 2004, pp. 1-4.
[19] L. Padgham, and M. Winikoff, Developing Intelligent Agent Systems: a
Practical Guide. UK, Chichester:Wiley, 2004.
[20] R. Bordini, J. Hubner, and M. Woorldridge, Programming Multi-Agent
Systems in AgentSpeak using Jason. UK, Chichester: Wiley, 2007.
[1] A. Dheedan and Y. Papadopoulos, "Multi-Agent Safety Monitoring
System," in Proc. of 10th IFAC Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS-10), Portugal, Lisbon, 1-2 July 2010, pp. 93-98.
[2] X. Ren, H. A. Thompson, and P. J. Fleming, "An agent-based system for
distributed fault diagnosis," International Journal of Knowledge-Based
and Intelligent Engineering Systems, vol. 10, no. 5, 2006, pp. 319-335.
[3] Y. S. Ng, and R. Srinivan, "Multi-agent based collaborative fault
detection and identification in chemical processes," Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, vol. 23, no. 6, 2010, pp. 934-949.
[4] A. A. Mohamed and O. Basir, "An Adaptive Multi-Agent Approach for
Distributed Alarm Correlation and Fault Identification," in Proc. Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks (PDCN 2010),
Innsbruck, Austria, 2010.
[5] M. Rollo, P. Novak, J. Kubalik, and M. Pechoucek, "Alarm Root Cause
Detection System," in Camarinha-Matos, L. M., editor, Emerging
Solutions for Future Manufacturing Systems. New York: Springer, 2004,
pp. 109-116.
[6] K. H Cho and J. T. Lim, "Multiagent Supervisory Control for Anti fault
Propagation in Serial Production Systems,", IEEE Transactions on
Industrial Electronics, vol. 48, no. 2, April, 2001, pp. 460-466.
[7] M. Mendes, B. Santos, and J. Costa, "A matlab/Simulink multi-agent
toolkit for distributed networked fault tolerant control systems," Proc.
7th IFAC symposium on Fault Detection, Supervision and Safety of
Technical Processes, Barcelona, Spain, 30 June - 3 July 2009, pp. 1073-1078.
[8] BEA, "Safety investigation into the accident on 1 June 2009 to the
Airbus A330-203, flight AF447," (online), France: Bureau of Investigations and Analysis for the safety of civil aviation (BEA), 2011.
Available:
http://www.bea.aero/fr/enquetes/vol.af.447/note29juillet2011.en.pdf
(Accessed 2nd August 2011).
[9] HSE, "Better alarm handling, HSE Information Sheet" (online). UK:
Health and Safety Executive, chemical sheet No 6, 2000. Available:
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/chis6.pdf, (Accessed 13th February 2011)
[10] Y. Papadopoulos, "Model-based system monitoring and diagnosis of
failures using state-charts and fault trees," Reliability Engineering and
System Safety, vol. 8, no. 3, 2003, pp. 325-341.
[11] Wallace C. J., Jajn G. J. and Mcarthur S. D. J., 2011. Multi-agent system
for nuclear condition monitoring. In Proc. 2nd International Workshop
on Agent Technologies for Energy System (ATES-11), a workshop of the 10th International Conference of Agent and Multi-agent System
(AAMAS-11), Taipei, Taiwan, 2nd of May 2011.
[12] A. F. Sayda, "Multi-agent systems for industrial applications: design,
development, and challenges," In: Alkhateeb F., Al Maghayreh E., Abu
Doush L., ed. Multi-Agent Systems - Modeling, Control, Programming,
Simulations and Applications. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech, 2011, pp. 469-494.
[13] E. Mangina, "Intelligent agent-based monitoring platform for applications in engineering," International Journal of Computer Science
& Applications, vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 38-48.
[14] A. Dheedan and Y. Papadopoulos, "Model-Based Distributed On-line
Safety Monitoring," in Proc. The Third International Conf. on Emerging
Network Intelligence (EMERGING 2011), Lisbon, Portugal, November
20-25, 2011, pp. 1-7.
[15] H. P. Feiler, P. D. Gluch, J. J. Hudak, "The Architectural Analysis and Design Language (AADL): An Introduction," USA: Software
Engineering Institute and Carnegie Mellon University, CMU/SEI-2006-
TN-001, 2006.
Available:
http://i12www.ira.uka.de/~engelc/lehre/seminarSS07/material/aadlIntro.
pdf (Accessed November 7th 2010).
[16] H. P. Feiler and A. Rugina, "Dependability Modelling with the
Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL)" (online), USA:
Software Engineering Institute and Carnegie Mellon University, CMU/SEI-2007-TN-043, 2007.Available: ftp://ftp.sei.cmu.edu/pub/documents/07.reports/07tn043.pdf
(Accessed November 7th 2010).
[17] M. Breen. Experience of using a lightweight formal specification
method for a commercial embedded system product line. Requirements
Engineering Journal, vol. 10, no. 2, 2005, pp. 161-172.
[18] S. D. J. McArthur, E. M. Davidson, J. A. Hossack, J. R. McDonald,
"Automating power system fault diagnosis through multi-agent system
technology," in Proc. 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on
System Sciences (HICSS'04), Big Island, Hawaii, 5-8 Jan 2004, pp. 1-4.
[19] L. Padgham, and M. Winikoff, Developing Intelligent Agent Systems: a
Practical Guide. UK, Chichester:Wiley, 2004.
[20] R. Bordini, J. Hubner, and M. Woorldridge, Programming Multi-Agent
Systems in AgentSpeak using Jason. UK, Chichester: Wiley, 2007.
@article{"International Journal of Information, Control and Computer Sciences:59685", author = "Amer A. Dheedan", title = "Multi-agent On-line Monitor for the Safety of Critical Systems", abstract = "Operational safety of critical systems, such as nuclear power plants, industrial chemical processes and means of transportation, is a major concern for system engineers and operators. A means to assure that is on-line safety monitors that deliver three safety tasks; fault detection and diagnosis, alarm annunciation and fault controlling. While current monitors deliver these tasks, benefits and limitations in their approaches have at the same time been highlighted. Drawing from those benefits, this paper develops a distributed monitor based on semi-independent agents, i.e. a multiagent system, and monitoring knowledge derived from a safety assessment model of the monitored system. Agents are deployed hierarchically and provided with knowledge portions and collaboration protocols to reason and integrate over the operational conditions of the components of the monitored system. The monitor aims to address limitations arising from the large-scale, complicated behaviour and distributed nature of monitored systems and deliver the aforementioned three monitoring tasks effectively.
", keywords = "Alarm annunciation, fault controlling, fault detection and diagnosis", volume = "6", number = "11", pages = "1407-11", }
