Influence of Ti, B, and Sr on Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of as Cast, Cast Aged, and Forge Aged A356 Alloy – A Comparative Study
In the present work, a comparative study on the
microstructure and mechanical properties of as cast, cast aged and
forged aged A356 alloy has been investigated. The study reveals that
mechanical properties of A356 alloy are highly influenced by melt
treatment and solid state processing. Cast aged alloys achieve highest
strength and hardness compared to as cast and forge aged ones. Ones
treated with combined addition of grain refiners and modifiers
achieve maximum strength and hardness. Cast aged A356 alloy
possesses higher wear resistance compared to as cast and forge aged
ones. Forging improves both strength and ductility of alloys over as
cast ones. However, the improvement in ductility is perceptible only
for properly grain refined and modified alloys. Ones refined with
0.65% Al-3Ti shows highest improvement in ductility while ones
treated with 0.20% Al-10Sr exhibits less improvement in ductility.
[1] C. Limmaneevichitr, W. Eidhed, "Fading mechanism of grain
refinement of aluminum-silicon alloy with Al-Ti-B grain refiners",
Material Science and Engineering A, Vol. 349, (1-2), 2003, pp. 197-206.
[2] C. H. Caceres, B.I. Selling, "Casting defects and the tensile properties of
an Al-Si-Mg alloy", Material Science and Engineering A, Vol. 220, (1-
2), 1996, pp. 109-116.
[3] S. C. Jeng, S. W. Chen, "The Solidification characteristics of 6061 and
A356 aluminium alloys and their ceramic particle-reinforced
composites". Acta Materialia, Vol. 45 (12), 1997, pp. 4887-4877.
[4] G. Atxaga, A. Pelayo, A. M. Irisarri, Material Science and Technology,
2001, pp. 17:446.
[5] S. S Sreeja Kumari, R. M .Pillai, B. C. Pai, "Effect of iron in Al-7Si-
0.3Mg alloy", Indian Foundry Journal, Vol. 48, 1, 2002, pp. 27-31.
[6] T. Sagstad, N. Dahle, "Grain refining of hypoeutectic aluminium-silicon
alloys with TiBloy, Proceedings of the Fifth International AFS
Conference on Molten Aluminium Processing", American Foundry
men-s Society, Orlando, 1998, pp.100-116.
[7] S. A. Kori. Grain refinement and modification of some hypoeutectic
and eutectic Al-Si alloys, Ph. D Thesis, 2002, IIT Kharagpur.
[8] C. G. Kang, J. S. Choi, D. W. Kang, "A filling analysis of the forging
process of semi-solid aluminum materials considering solidification
phenomena," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 73,
1998, pp. 289-302.
[9] A. D. Sarkar, "Wear of aluminium-silicon alloys", Wear, Vol. 31, 1975,
pp. 331-343.
[10] Subramanian, "Some consideration towards the design of a wear
resistant aluminium alloy", Wear, Vol. 155, 1992, pp 193-205.
[11] K. Dwivedi, "Wear behaviour of cast hypereutectic aluminium silicon
alloys," Materials and Design, Vol. 27, 2006, PP. 610-616.
[12] Virupaxi Auradi, "Development of Al-Ti, Al-B and Al-Ti-B master
alloys for grain refinement of Al-Si alloys", 2006, Ph. D thesis, VTU
Belgaum.
[13] Chandrashekharaiah, T. M, "Studies on sliding wear behaviour of
grain refined and modified hypoeutectic, eutectic and hypereutectic Al-
Si alloys", 2007, Ph. D thesis, VTU Belgaum.
[14] Standard test method for wear testing with a pin-on-disc Apparatus,
Designation: G 99-90 ASTM, 1916, Raco St. Philodolphia, PA 19103.
[1] C. Limmaneevichitr, W. Eidhed, "Fading mechanism of grain
refinement of aluminum-silicon alloy with Al-Ti-B grain refiners",
Material Science and Engineering A, Vol. 349, (1-2), 2003, pp. 197-206.
[2] C. H. Caceres, B.I. Selling, "Casting defects and the tensile properties of
an Al-Si-Mg alloy", Material Science and Engineering A, Vol. 220, (1-
2), 1996, pp. 109-116.
[3] S. C. Jeng, S. W. Chen, "The Solidification characteristics of 6061 and
A356 aluminium alloys and their ceramic particle-reinforced
composites". Acta Materialia, Vol. 45 (12), 1997, pp. 4887-4877.
[4] G. Atxaga, A. Pelayo, A. M. Irisarri, Material Science and Technology,
2001, pp. 17:446.
[5] S. S Sreeja Kumari, R. M .Pillai, B. C. Pai, "Effect of iron in Al-7Si-
0.3Mg alloy", Indian Foundry Journal, Vol. 48, 1, 2002, pp. 27-31.
[6] T. Sagstad, N. Dahle, "Grain refining of hypoeutectic aluminium-silicon
alloys with TiBloy, Proceedings of the Fifth International AFS
Conference on Molten Aluminium Processing", American Foundry
men-s Society, Orlando, 1998, pp.100-116.
[7] S. A. Kori. Grain refinement and modification of some hypoeutectic
and eutectic Al-Si alloys, Ph. D Thesis, 2002, IIT Kharagpur.
[8] C. G. Kang, J. S. Choi, D. W. Kang, "A filling analysis of the forging
process of semi-solid aluminum materials considering solidification
phenomena," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 73,
1998, pp. 289-302.
[9] A. D. Sarkar, "Wear of aluminium-silicon alloys", Wear, Vol. 31, 1975,
pp. 331-343.
[10] Subramanian, "Some consideration towards the design of a wear
resistant aluminium alloy", Wear, Vol. 155, 1992, pp 193-205.
[11] K. Dwivedi, "Wear behaviour of cast hypereutectic aluminium silicon
alloys," Materials and Design, Vol. 27, 2006, PP. 610-616.
[12] Virupaxi Auradi, "Development of Al-Ti, Al-B and Al-Ti-B master
alloys for grain refinement of Al-Si alloys", 2006, Ph. D thesis, VTU
Belgaum.
[13] Chandrashekharaiah, T. M, "Studies on sliding wear behaviour of
grain refined and modified hypoeutectic, eutectic and hypereutectic Al-
Si alloys", 2007, Ph. D thesis, VTU Belgaum.
[14] Standard test method for wear testing with a pin-on-disc Apparatus,
Designation: G 99-90 ASTM, 1916, Raco St. Philodolphia, PA 19103.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:50890", author = "R. V. Kurahatti and D. G. Mallapur and K. Rajendra Udupa", title = "Influence of Ti, B, and Sr on Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of as Cast, Cast Aged, and Forge Aged A356 Alloy – A Comparative Study", abstract = "In the present work, a comparative study on the
microstructure and mechanical properties of as cast, cast aged and
forged aged A356 alloy has been investigated. The study reveals that
mechanical properties of A356 alloy are highly influenced by melt
treatment and solid state processing. Cast aged alloys achieve highest
strength and hardness compared to as cast and forge aged ones. Ones
treated with combined addition of grain refiners and modifiers
achieve maximum strength and hardness. Cast aged A356 alloy
possesses higher wear resistance compared to as cast and forge aged
ones. Forging improves both strength and ductility of alloys over as
cast ones. However, the improvement in ductility is perceptible only
for properly grain refined and modified alloys. Ones refined with
0.65% Al-3Ti shows highest improvement in ductility while ones
treated with 0.20% Al-10Sr exhibits less improvement in ductility.", keywords = "Forged A356 alloy, Grain refinement, Modification, Wear", volume = "7", number = "6", pages = "347-6", }