In Vitro Study of Coded Transmission in Synthetic Aperture Ultrasound Imaging Systems
In the paper the study of synthetic transmit aperture
method applying the Golay coded transmission for medical
ultrasound imaging is presented. Longer coded excitation allows to
increase the total energy of the transmitted signal without increasing
the peak pressure. Moreover signal-to-noise ratio and penetration
depth are improved while maintaining high ultrasound image
resolution. In the work the 128-element linear transducer array with
0.3 mm inter-element spacing excited by one cycle and the 8 and 16-
bit Golay coded sequences at nominal frequency 4 MHz was used. To
generate a spherical wave covering the full image region a single
element transmission aperture was used and all the elements received
the echo signals. The comparison of 2D ultrasound images of the
tissue mimicking phantom and in vitro measurements of the beef liver
is presented to illustrate the benefits of the coded transmission. The
results were obtained using the synthetic aperture algorithm with
transmit and receive signals correction based on a single element
directivity function.
[1] M. O'Donnell, L. J. Thomas, "Efficient synthetic aperture imaging from
a circular aperture with possible application to catheter-based imaging,"
IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelec. Freq. Contr., vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 366-
380, 1992.
[2] R. N. Thomson, "Transverse and longitudinal resolution of the synthetic
aperture focusing technique," Ultrasonics, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 9-15,
1984.
[3] D. H. Johnson, D. E. Dudgeon, Array Signal Processing: Concepts and
Techniques. Prentice-Hall, 1993.
[4] G. E. Trahey, L. F. Nock, "Synthetic receive aperture imaging with
phase correction for motion and for tissue ihomogeneities ÔÇö part I:
Basic principles," IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelec. Freq. Contr., vol.
39, no. 4, pp. 489-495, 1992.
[5] S. Holm, "Focused multi-element synthetic aperture imaging,"
Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, 1995.
[6] I. Trots, A. Nowicki, M. Lewandowski, "Synthetic transmit aperture in
ultrasound imaging," Archives of Acoustics, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 685 -
695, 2009.
[7] A. R. Selfridge, G. S. Kino, B. T. Khuri-Yakub, "A theory for the
radiation pattern of a narrow-strip acoustic transducer," Appl. Phys.
Lett., vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 35-36, 1980.
[8] M. Xu, L.V. Wang, "Analytic explanation of spatial resolution related to
bandwidth and detector aperture size in thermoacoustic or photoacoustic
reconstruction," Phys. Rev. E, vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 1-15, 2003.
[9] M.J.E. Golay, "Complementary series," IRE Tran. Inf. Theory, vol. 7,
pp. 82-87, 1961.
[10] E.J. Danicki, "Complementary code realization based on surface
acoustic waves," Bulletin of Military Technical Academy, vol. XXIII,
no. 1, pp. 53-56, 1974.
[11] I. Trots, A. Nowicki, W. Secomski, J. Litniewski, "Golay sequences -
side-lobe canceling codes for ultrasonography," Archives of Acoustics,
vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 87-97, 2004.
[12] J.A. Jensen, "Linear description of ultrasound imaging systems," Note
for the International Summer School on Advanced Ultrasound Imaging,
Technical University of Denmark, June 10, 1999.
[13] Y. Tasinkevych, I. Trots, A. Nowicki, P.A. Lewin, "Modified synthetic
transmit aperture algorithm for ultrasound imaging," Ultrasonics, vol.
52, no. 2, pp. 333-342, 2012.
[14] A. Nowicki, Z. Klimonda, M. Lewandowski, J. Litniewski, P.A. Lewin,
I. Trots, "Direct and post-compressed sound fields for different coded
excitation," Acoustical Imaging, vol. 28, pp. 399-407, 2007.
[1] M. O'Donnell, L. J. Thomas, "Efficient synthetic aperture imaging from
a circular aperture with possible application to catheter-based imaging,"
IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelec. Freq. Contr., vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 366-
380, 1992.
[2] R. N. Thomson, "Transverse and longitudinal resolution of the synthetic
aperture focusing technique," Ultrasonics, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 9-15,
1984.
[3] D. H. Johnson, D. E. Dudgeon, Array Signal Processing: Concepts and
Techniques. Prentice-Hall, 1993.
[4] G. E. Trahey, L. F. Nock, "Synthetic receive aperture imaging with
phase correction for motion and for tissue ihomogeneities ÔÇö part I:
Basic principles," IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelec. Freq. Contr., vol.
39, no. 4, pp. 489-495, 1992.
[5] S. Holm, "Focused multi-element synthetic aperture imaging,"
Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, 1995.
[6] I. Trots, A. Nowicki, M. Lewandowski, "Synthetic transmit aperture in
ultrasound imaging," Archives of Acoustics, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 685 -
695, 2009.
[7] A. R. Selfridge, G. S. Kino, B. T. Khuri-Yakub, "A theory for the
radiation pattern of a narrow-strip acoustic transducer," Appl. Phys.
Lett., vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 35-36, 1980.
[8] M. Xu, L.V. Wang, "Analytic explanation of spatial resolution related to
bandwidth and detector aperture size in thermoacoustic or photoacoustic
reconstruction," Phys. Rev. E, vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 1-15, 2003.
[9] M.J.E. Golay, "Complementary series," IRE Tran. Inf. Theory, vol. 7,
pp. 82-87, 1961.
[10] E.J. Danicki, "Complementary code realization based on surface
acoustic waves," Bulletin of Military Technical Academy, vol. XXIII,
no. 1, pp. 53-56, 1974.
[11] I. Trots, A. Nowicki, W. Secomski, J. Litniewski, "Golay sequences -
side-lobe canceling codes for ultrasonography," Archives of Acoustics,
vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 87-97, 2004.
[12] J.A. Jensen, "Linear description of ultrasound imaging systems," Note
for the International Summer School on Advanced Ultrasound Imaging,
Technical University of Denmark, June 10, 1999.
[13] Y. Tasinkevych, I. Trots, A. Nowicki, P.A. Lewin, "Modified synthetic
transmit aperture algorithm for ultrasound imaging," Ultrasonics, vol.
52, no. 2, pp. 333-342, 2012.
[14] A. Nowicki, Z. Klimonda, M. Lewandowski, J. Litniewski, P.A. Lewin,
I. Trots, "Direct and post-compressed sound fields for different coded
excitation," Acoustical Imaging, vol. 28, pp. 399-407, 2007.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:52936", author = "Ihor Trots and Yuriy Tasinkevych and Andrzej Nowicki and Marcin Lewandowski", title = "In Vitro Study of Coded Transmission in Synthetic Aperture Ultrasound Imaging Systems", abstract = "In the paper the study of synthetic transmit aperture
method applying the Golay coded transmission for medical
ultrasound imaging is presented. Longer coded excitation allows to
increase the total energy of the transmitted signal without increasing
the peak pressure. Moreover signal-to-noise ratio and penetration
depth are improved while maintaining high ultrasound image
resolution. In the work the 128-element linear transducer array with
0.3 mm inter-element spacing excited by one cycle and the 8 and 16-
bit Golay coded sequences at nominal frequency 4 MHz was used. To
generate a spherical wave covering the full image region a single
element transmission aperture was used and all the elements received
the echo signals. The comparison of 2D ultrasound images of the
tissue mimicking phantom and in vitro measurements of the beef liver
is presented to illustrate the benefits of the coded transmission. The
results were obtained using the synthetic aperture algorithm with
transmit and receive signals correction based on a single element
directivity function.", keywords = "Golay coded sequences, radiation pattern, signal
processing, synthetic aperture, ultrasound imaging.", volume = "6", number = "6", pages = "541-6", }