Impact of Personality and Loneliness on Life: Role of Online Flow Experiences
The present study examines the mediating effect of
online flow experience on the relationship between extraversionintroversion,
locus of control and loneliness, and depression and
satisfaction with life. The data was obtained using a structured
questionnaire prepared by adapting standardized scales available from
a sample of 102 engineering students from different technical
institutions at Bhubaneswar, India. The results indicate that there is a
positive significant relationship between introversion, external locus
of control, loneliness, depression and online flow experience, and
extraversion, internal locus of control and satisfaction with life. The
results also suggest that online flow experience mediates the
relationship between the aforementioned variables.
[1] C. Chou, and Hsiao, M, "Internet addiction, usage, gratification, and
pleasure experience: the Taiwan college students- case," Computers and
Education, vol. 35, pp. 65-80, 2000.
[2] H. S. Friedman, and M. W. Schustack, Personality: Classic theories and
modern research. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1999.
[3] H. J. Eysenck, and S. B. Eysenck, Manual of the Eysenck Personality
Inventory. London: University of London Press, 1964.
[4] J. B. Rotter, "Generalized expectancies for internal versus external
control of reinforcement," Psychological Monographs, vol. 80, pp. 1-28,
1966.
[5] J. D. Gierveld and T.V. Tilburg, "A 6-Item Scale for Overall, Emotional,
and Social Loneliness: Confirmatory Tests on Survey Data," Research
on Aging, vol. 28 (5), pp. 582-598, 2006.
[6] J. Morahan-Martin, and P Schumacher, "Loneliness and Social Uses of
the Internet," Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 19, pp. 659-671,
2003.
[7] R. S. Weiss, Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social
isolation. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1973.
[8] D. L. Hoffman, and T. P. Novak, "How to Acquire Customers on the
Web," Harvard Business Review, pp. 179-188, May/June, 2000.
[9] E. Diener, "Subjective well-being," Psychological Bulletin, vol. 95, pp.
542-575, 1984.
[10] P. Jylha, and E. Isometsa, "The relationship of neuroticism and
extraversion to symptoms of anxiety and depression in the general
population," Depression and Anxiety, vol. 23, pp. 281-289, 2006.
[11] J. M. Burger, "Desire for control, locus of control, and proneness to
depression," Journal of Personality, vol. 52, pp. 71-89, 2006.
[12] J. T. Cacioppo, M. E. Hughes, L. J. Waite, L. C. Hawkley, and R. A.
Thisted, "Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms:
Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses," Psychology and Aging, vol.
21, pp. 140-151, 2006.
[13] K. B. Adams, S. Sanders, and E. A. Auth, "Loneliness and depression in
independent living retirement communities: risk and resilience factors,"
Journal of Aging & Mental Health, vol. 8, pp. 475-485, 2004.
[14] E. Diener, S. Oishi, and R. E. Lucas, "Personality, Culture, and
Subjective Well-Being: Emotional and Cognitive Evaluations of Life,"
The Annual Review of Psychology, vol. 54, pp. 403-425, 2003.
[15] S. H. Abu-Bader, A. Rogers, and A. S. Barusch, "Predictors of Life
Satisfaction in Frail Elderly," Journal of Gerontological Social Work,
vol. 38, pp. 3-17, 2002.
[16] J. F. Schumaker, J. D. Shea, M. M. Monfries, and G. Groth-Marnat,
"Loneliness and Life Satisfaction in Japan and Australia," The Journal
of Psychology, vol. 127, pp. 65-71, 2010.
[17] K. Srivastava, A. Shukla, and N. K. Sharma, "Online Flow Experiences:
The Role of Need for Cognition, Self-Efficacy, and Sensation Seeking
Tendency," IJBIT, vol. 3, pp. 93-100, 2010.
[18] M. Csikszentmihalyi, Beyond boredom and anxiety. San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass, 1977.
[19] D. L. Hoffman, and P. T. Novak, "Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-
Mediated Environments: Conceptual Foundations," Journal of
Marketing, vol. 60, pp. 50-68, 1996.
[20] Y. Amichai-Hamburger, G. Wainapel, and S. Fox, "On the Internet No
One Knows I'm an Introvert: Extroversion, Neuroticism, and Internet
Interaction," Cyber Psychology and Behavior, vol. 5, pp. 125-128,
2002.
[21] D. L. Hoffman, and T. P. Novak, "How to Acquire Customers on the
Web," Harvard Business Review, pp. 179-188, May/June,2000.
[22] K. Chak, and L. Leung, "Shyness and locus of control as predictors of
internet addiction and internet use.," Cyberpsychology and Behaviour,
vol. 7, pp. 559-570, 2004.
[23] M. T. Whitty, and D. McLaughlin, "Online recreation: The relationship
between loneliness, Internet self-efficacy and the use of the Internet for
entertainment purposes," Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 23, pp.
1435-1446, 2007.
[24] M. Csikszentmihalyi, Beyond boredom and anxiety. San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass, 1975.
[25] R. D. Logan, "The ÔÇÿFlow Experience- in Solitary Ordeals," Journal of
Humanistic Psychology, vol. 25, pp. 79-89, 1985.
[26] W.W. Zung, "A self-rating depression scale," Archives of General
Psychiatry, vol. 12, pp. 63-70, 1965.
[1] C. Chou, and Hsiao, M, "Internet addiction, usage, gratification, and
pleasure experience: the Taiwan college students- case," Computers and
Education, vol. 35, pp. 65-80, 2000.
[2] H. S. Friedman, and M. W. Schustack, Personality: Classic theories and
modern research. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1999.
[3] H. J. Eysenck, and S. B. Eysenck, Manual of the Eysenck Personality
Inventory. London: University of London Press, 1964.
[4] J. B. Rotter, "Generalized expectancies for internal versus external
control of reinforcement," Psychological Monographs, vol. 80, pp. 1-28,
1966.
[5] J. D. Gierveld and T.V. Tilburg, "A 6-Item Scale for Overall, Emotional,
and Social Loneliness: Confirmatory Tests on Survey Data," Research
on Aging, vol. 28 (5), pp. 582-598, 2006.
[6] J. Morahan-Martin, and P Schumacher, "Loneliness and Social Uses of
the Internet," Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 19, pp. 659-671,
2003.
[7] R. S. Weiss, Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social
isolation. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1973.
[8] D. L. Hoffman, and T. P. Novak, "How to Acquire Customers on the
Web," Harvard Business Review, pp. 179-188, May/June, 2000.
[9] E. Diener, "Subjective well-being," Psychological Bulletin, vol. 95, pp.
542-575, 1984.
[10] P. Jylha, and E. Isometsa, "The relationship of neuroticism and
extraversion to symptoms of anxiety and depression in the general
population," Depression and Anxiety, vol. 23, pp. 281-289, 2006.
[11] J. M. Burger, "Desire for control, locus of control, and proneness to
depression," Journal of Personality, vol. 52, pp. 71-89, 2006.
[12] J. T. Cacioppo, M. E. Hughes, L. J. Waite, L. C. Hawkley, and R. A.
Thisted, "Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms:
Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses," Psychology and Aging, vol.
21, pp. 140-151, 2006.
[13] K. B. Adams, S. Sanders, and E. A. Auth, "Loneliness and depression in
independent living retirement communities: risk and resilience factors,"
Journal of Aging & Mental Health, vol. 8, pp. 475-485, 2004.
[14] E. Diener, S. Oishi, and R. E. Lucas, "Personality, Culture, and
Subjective Well-Being: Emotional and Cognitive Evaluations of Life,"
The Annual Review of Psychology, vol. 54, pp. 403-425, 2003.
[15] S. H. Abu-Bader, A. Rogers, and A. S. Barusch, "Predictors of Life
Satisfaction in Frail Elderly," Journal of Gerontological Social Work,
vol. 38, pp. 3-17, 2002.
[16] J. F. Schumaker, J. D. Shea, M. M. Monfries, and G. Groth-Marnat,
"Loneliness and Life Satisfaction in Japan and Australia," The Journal
of Psychology, vol. 127, pp. 65-71, 2010.
[17] K. Srivastava, A. Shukla, and N. K. Sharma, "Online Flow Experiences:
The Role of Need for Cognition, Self-Efficacy, and Sensation Seeking
Tendency," IJBIT, vol. 3, pp. 93-100, 2010.
[18] M. Csikszentmihalyi, Beyond boredom and anxiety. San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass, 1977.
[19] D. L. Hoffman, and P. T. Novak, "Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-
Mediated Environments: Conceptual Foundations," Journal of
Marketing, vol. 60, pp. 50-68, 1996.
[20] Y. Amichai-Hamburger, G. Wainapel, and S. Fox, "On the Internet No
One Knows I'm an Introvert: Extroversion, Neuroticism, and Internet
Interaction," Cyber Psychology and Behavior, vol. 5, pp. 125-128,
2002.
[21] D. L. Hoffman, and T. P. Novak, "How to Acquire Customers on the
Web," Harvard Business Review, pp. 179-188, May/June,2000.
[22] K. Chak, and L. Leung, "Shyness and locus of control as predictors of
internet addiction and internet use.," Cyberpsychology and Behaviour,
vol. 7, pp. 559-570, 2004.
[23] M. T. Whitty, and D. McLaughlin, "Online recreation: The relationship
between loneliness, Internet self-efficacy and the use of the Internet for
entertainment purposes," Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 23, pp.
1435-1446, 2007.
[24] M. Csikszentmihalyi, Beyond boredom and anxiety. San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass, 1975.
[25] R. D. Logan, "The ÔÇÿFlow Experience- in Solitary Ordeals," Journal of
Humanistic Psychology, vol. 25, pp. 79-89, 1985.
[26] W.W. Zung, "A self-rating depression scale," Archives of General
Psychiatry, vol. 12, pp. 63-70, 1965.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:60834", author = "Asmita Shukla and Soma Parija", title = "Impact of Personality and Loneliness on Life: Role of Online Flow Experiences", abstract = "The present study examines the mediating effect of
online flow experience on the relationship between extraversionintroversion,
locus of control and loneliness, and depression and
satisfaction with life. The data was obtained using a structured
questionnaire prepared by adapting standardized scales available from
a sample of 102 engineering students from different technical
institutions at Bhubaneswar, India. The results indicate that there is a
positive significant relationship between introversion, external locus
of control, loneliness, depression and online flow experience, and
extraversion, internal locus of control and satisfaction with life. The
results also suggest that online flow experience mediates the
relationship between the aforementioned variables.", keywords = "Life satisfaction and depression, loneliness, online
flow experience, personality.", volume = "6", number = "9", pages = "2424-9", }
