Hybrid TOA/AOA Schemes for Mobile Location in Cellular Communication Systems
Wireless location is to determine the mobile station (MS) location in a wireless cellular communications system. When fewer base stations (BSs) may be available for location purposes or the measurements with large errors in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments, it is necessary to integrate all available heterogeneous measurements to achieve high location accuracy. This paper illustrates a hybrid proposed schemes that combine time of arrival (TOA) at three BSs and angle of arrival (AOA) information at the serving BS to give a location estimate of the MS. The proposed schemes mitigate the NLOS effect simply by the weighted sum of the intersections between three TOA circles and the AOA line without requiring a priori information about the NLOS error. Simulation results show that the proposed methods can achieve better accuracy when compare with Taylor series algorithm (TSA) and the hybrid lines of position algorithm (HLOP).
[1] S. Riter and J. McCoy, "Vehicle locationÔÇöAn overview," IEEE Trans.
Veh. Technol., vol. VT-26, pp. 7-11, Feb. 1977.
[2] J. Caffery, Jr. and G. Stuber, "Vehicle location and tracking for IVHS in
CDMA microcells," in IEEE Personal Indoor Mobile Radio Conf., pp.
1227-1231, 1994.
[3] J. J. Caffery and G. L. Stuber, "Radio location in urban CDMA
microcells," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Personal, Indoor, Mobile Radio
Communications, vol. 2, pp. 858-862, Sept. 1995.
[4] C.-H. Chen, K.-T. Feng, C.-L. Chem, and P.-H. Tseng, "Wireless location
estimation with the assistance of virtual base stations," IEEE Trans. on
Veh. Technol., vol. 58, pp. 93-106, Jan. 2009.
[5] J. H. Reed, K. J. Krizman, B. D. Woerner, and T. S. Rappaport, "An
overview of the challenges and progress in meeting the E-911 requirement
for location service," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 30-37, Apr.
1998.
[6] K.-T. Feng, C.-L. Chen, and C.-. Chen, "GALE: An Enhanced
Geometry-Assisted Location Estimation Algorithm for NLOS
Environments," IEEE Trans. on Mobile Computing, vol. 7, no. 2, pp.
199-213, Feb. 2008.
[7] L. Cong and W. Zhuang, "Hybrid TDOA/AOA mobile user location for
wideband CDMA cellular systems," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol.
1, no. 7, pp. 439-447, Jul. 2002.
[8] S. Venkatraman and J. Caffery, Jr., "Hybrid TOA/AOA techniques for
mobile location in non-line-of-sight environments," in Proc. IEEE
Wireless Communications and Networking Conf., vol. 1, pp. 274-278,
Mar. 2004.
[9] M. P. Wylie and J. Holtzman, "The nonline of sight problem in mobile
location estimation," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Universal Personal
Communication, vol. 2, pp. 827-831, 1996.
[10] L. Cong and W. Zhuang, "Nonline-of-sight error mitigation in mobile
location," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 560-573,
Mar. 2005.
[11] S. Venkatraman, J. Caffery, and H.-R. You, "A novel TOA location
algorithm using LOS range estimation for NLOS environments," IEEE
Trans. on Veh. Technol., vol. 53, pp. 1515-1524, Sept. 2004.
[12] W. Foy, "Position-location solutions by Taylor series estimation," IEEE
Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. AES-12, pp. 187-193, Mar. 1976.
[13] D. Torrieri, "Statistical theory of passive location systems," IEEE Trans.
Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. AES-20, pp. 183-197, Mar. 1984.
[14] S. Venkatraman and J. Caffery, Jr., "Hybrid TOA/AOA techniques for
mobile location in non-line-of-sight environments," in Proc. IEEE
Wireless Communications and Networking Conf., vol. 1, pp. 274-278,
Mar. 2004.
[15] C.-S. Chen, S.-S. Su and Y.-F. Huang, "Hybrid TOA/AOA Geometrical
Positioning Schemes for Mobile Location," IEICE Trans. Commun., vol
E92-B, no 2, Febr. 2009.
[16] C.-L. Chen and K.-T. Feng,"An efficient geometry-constrained location
estimation algorithm for NLOS environments," in Int. Conf. Wireless
Networks, Communications and Mobile Computing, vol. 1, pp. 244-249,
June 2005.
[1] S. Riter and J. McCoy, "Vehicle locationÔÇöAn overview," IEEE Trans.
Veh. Technol., vol. VT-26, pp. 7-11, Feb. 1977.
[2] J. Caffery, Jr. and G. Stuber, "Vehicle location and tracking for IVHS in
CDMA microcells," in IEEE Personal Indoor Mobile Radio Conf., pp.
1227-1231, 1994.
[3] J. J. Caffery and G. L. Stuber, "Radio location in urban CDMA
microcells," in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Personal, Indoor, Mobile Radio
Communications, vol. 2, pp. 858-862, Sept. 1995.
[4] C.-H. Chen, K.-T. Feng, C.-L. Chem, and P.-H. Tseng, "Wireless location
estimation with the assistance of virtual base stations," IEEE Trans. on
Veh. Technol., vol. 58, pp. 93-106, Jan. 2009.
[5] J. H. Reed, K. J. Krizman, B. D. Woerner, and T. S. Rappaport, "An
overview of the challenges and progress in meeting the E-911 requirement
for location service," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 30-37, Apr.
1998.
[6] K.-T. Feng, C.-L. Chen, and C.-. Chen, "GALE: An Enhanced
Geometry-Assisted Location Estimation Algorithm for NLOS
Environments," IEEE Trans. on Mobile Computing, vol. 7, no. 2, pp.
199-213, Feb. 2008.
[7] L. Cong and W. Zhuang, "Hybrid TDOA/AOA mobile user location for
wideband CDMA cellular systems," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol.
1, no. 7, pp. 439-447, Jul. 2002.
[8] S. Venkatraman and J. Caffery, Jr., "Hybrid TOA/AOA techniques for
mobile location in non-line-of-sight environments," in Proc. IEEE
Wireless Communications and Networking Conf., vol. 1, pp. 274-278,
Mar. 2004.
[9] M. P. Wylie and J. Holtzman, "The nonline of sight problem in mobile
location estimation," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Universal Personal
Communication, vol. 2, pp. 827-831, 1996.
[10] L. Cong and W. Zhuang, "Nonline-of-sight error mitigation in mobile
location," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 560-573,
Mar. 2005.
[11] S. Venkatraman, J. Caffery, and H.-R. You, "A novel TOA location
algorithm using LOS range estimation for NLOS environments," IEEE
Trans. on Veh. Technol., vol. 53, pp. 1515-1524, Sept. 2004.
[12] W. Foy, "Position-location solutions by Taylor series estimation," IEEE
Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. AES-12, pp. 187-193, Mar. 1976.
[13] D. Torrieri, "Statistical theory of passive location systems," IEEE Trans.
Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. AES-20, pp. 183-197, Mar. 1984.
[14] S. Venkatraman and J. Caffery, Jr., "Hybrid TOA/AOA techniques for
mobile location in non-line-of-sight environments," in Proc. IEEE
Wireless Communications and Networking Conf., vol. 1, pp. 274-278,
Mar. 2004.
[15] C.-S. Chen, S.-S. Su and Y.-F. Huang, "Hybrid TOA/AOA Geometrical
Positioning Schemes for Mobile Location," IEICE Trans. Commun., vol
E92-B, no 2, Febr. 2009.
[16] C.-L. Chen and K.-T. Feng,"An efficient geometry-constrained location
estimation algorithm for NLOS environments," in Int. Conf. Wireless
Networks, Communications and Mobile Computing, vol. 1, pp. 244-249,
June 2005.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:57663", author = "Chien-Sheng Chen and Szu-Lin Su and Chuan-Der Lu", title = "Hybrid TOA/AOA Schemes for Mobile Location in Cellular Communication Systems", abstract = "Wireless location is to determine the mobile station (MS) location in a wireless cellular communications system. When fewer base stations (BSs) may be available for location purposes or the measurements with large errors in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments, it is necessary to integrate all available heterogeneous measurements to achieve high location accuracy. This paper illustrates a hybrid proposed schemes that combine time of arrival (TOA) at three BSs and angle of arrival (AOA) information at the serving BS to give a location estimate of the MS. The proposed schemes mitigate the NLOS effect simply by the weighted sum of the intersections between three TOA circles and the AOA line without requiring a priori information about the NLOS error. Simulation results show that the proposed methods can achieve better accuracy when compare with Taylor series algorithm (TSA) and the hybrid lines of position algorithm (HLOP).
", keywords = "Time of arrival (TOA), angle of arrival (AOA), non-line-of-sight (NLOS).", volume = "4", number = "2", pages = "301-5", }
