Fungal Disinfection by Nanofiltration in Tomato Soilless Culture
Principally, plants grown in soilless culture may be
attacked by the same pests and diseases as cultivated traditionally in
soil. The most destructive phytopathogens are fungi, such as
Phythium, Phytophthora and Fusarium, followed by viruses, bacteria
and nematodes. We investigated effect of carbon nanotube filters on
disease management of soilless culture. Tomato seedlings transplant
in plastic pots filled with a soilless media of vermiculite. The crop
irrigated and fertilized using a hydroponic nutrient solution. We used
carbon nanotube filters for nutrient solution disinfection. Our results
show that carbon nanotube filtration significantly reduces pathogens
on tomato plants. Fungal elimination (Fusarium oxysporum and
Pythium spp.) was usually successful at about 96 to 99.9% all over
the cultural season. It is seem that in tomato soilless culture,
nanofiltration constitutes a reliable method that allows control of the
development of diseases caused by pathogenic fungi
[1] P. Armitage. Chemical control of Phytophthora cinnamomi in irrigation
water. Australian Hort., vol. 91, pp. 30-36.1993
[2] F. Benoit, and N. Ceustermans,. Low pressure UV disinfection also
effective for NFT-lettuce. European Vegetable, R.D. centre, Sint-
Katelijne-Waver, Belgium, 1993. pp.9
[3] P. Biswas, and C. Y. Wu. Critical review: nanoparticles and the
environment. J. Air waste Manag. Assoc., vol. 55, pp. 708-764. 2005
[4] T. J. Brunner, P. Wick, P. Manser, P. Spohn, R. N. Grass, L. K.
Limbach, Bruinink and W. J. Stark. In vitro cytotoxicity of oxide
nanoparticles: comparison to asbestos, silica and the effect of particle
solubility. Environ. Sci. Technol. vol. 40, pp. 4374-4381. 2006
[5] R. J. Bull, C. Gerba, and R. Rhodes Trussel. Evaluation of the health
risks associated with disinfection. Crit. Rev. Environ. Contr., vol. 20, pp.
77-113. 1990
[6] S. Date, T. Hataya, and T. Namiki. Effects of nutrient and environmental
pretreatments on the occurrence of root injury of lettuce caused by
chloramines. Acta Hort., vol 481, pp. 553-559. 1999
[7] F. Déniel, P. Rey, M. Chérif, A. Guillou, and Y. Tirilly. Indigenous
bacteria with antagonistic- and plant growth promoting-activities
improve slow filtration efficiency in soilless culture. Can. J. Microbiol.,
vol. 50, pp. 499-508. 2004
[8] D. L. Ehret, B. Alsanius, W. Hohanka, J. G. Menzies and R. Utkhede.
Disinfestation of recirculating nutrient solutions in greenhouse
horticulture. Agronomie, vol. 21, 323-339. 2001
[9] B. Jarvis. Does Hydroponic Production Solve Soilborne Problems?
American Vegetable Grower, vol. 10, pp. 54-57.1991
[10] G. Jia, H. F. Wang, L. Yan, X. Wang, R. J. Pei, L. Yan, Y. L. Zhao, and
X. B. Guo.. Cytotoxicity of carbon nanomaterials: single wall nanotube,
multiwall nanotube and flluerene. Environ. Sci. Technol. vol. 39
pp.1378-1383. 2005
[11] C. W. Lam, J. T. James, R. McCluskey, S. Arepalli,. and R. L. Hunter. A
review of carbon nanotube toxicity and assessment of potential
occupational and environmental health risks. Crit. Rev. Toxicol., vol. 36
pp. 189-217. 2006
[12] G. M. McPherson, M. R. Harriman, and D. Pattisson, The potential for
spread of root diseases in recirculating hydroponic systems and their
control with disinfection. Meded. Fac. Landbouww. Univ. Gent., vol
60/2b, pp. 371-379.1995
[13] A. Nel, T. Xia, L. Madler. and N. Li.. Toxic potential of materials at the
nano level. Science. Vol. 311, pp. 622-627. 2006
[14] J. Postma, M. J. E .I. M. Willemsen-de Klein, and J. D. van Elsas. Effect
of the indigenous microflora on the development of root and crown rot
caused by Pythium apanidermatum in cucumber grown on rockwool.
Phytopathology, vol. 90, pp. 125-133. 2000
[15] J. Sawai, H. Igarashi, A. Hashimoto, T. Kokugan, and M.
Shimizu.Evaluation of growth inhibitory effect of ceramics powder
slurry on bacteria by conductance method. J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., vol. 28,
pp. 288-293. 1995
[16] K. T. Soto, A. Carrasco., T. G. Powell, L. E. Murr. and K. M. Garza.
Biological effects of nanoparticulite materials. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 26,
pp.1421-1427. 2006
[17] H. Rattink. Epidemiology of Fusarium crown and root rot in artificial
substrate systems. Meded. Fac. Landbouwwet. Rijksuniv. Gent, vol.
56/2b, pp. 423-430.1991
[18] W. T. Runia, Disinfection of recirculation water from closed cultivation
systems with iodine. Meded. Fac. Landbouwwet. Univ. Gent., vol. 59/3a:
1065-1070. 1994.
[19] W. T. Runia.. A review of possibilities for disinfection of recirculation
water from soilless culture. Acta Hort., vol. 382, pp. 221-229.1995.
[20] M. E. Stanghellini, D. H. Kim, S. L. Rasmussen, and P. A. Rorabaugh.
Control of root rot of peppers caused by Phytophthora capsici with a
non-ionic surfactant. Plant Dis., vol. 80, pp. 1113-1116. 1996
[21] E. A. Van. Closed soilless growing systems in the Notherlands the
finishing touch. Acta Hort., vol. 458, pp. 279-291.1998.
[22] A. Vanachter. Development of Olpidium and Pythium in the nutrient
solutions of NFT grown lettuce, and possible control methods. Acta
Hort., vol. 382, pp. 187-196. 1995
[23] A. Vanachter, L. Thys, E. Van Wambeke, and C. Van Assche. Possible
use of ozone for disinfestation of plant nutrient solutions. Acta Hort.,
vol. 221, pp. 295-300. 1998
[24] W. Wohanka, H. Luedtke, H. Ahlers, and M. Luebke. Optimization of
slow filtration as a means for disinfecting nutrient solutions. Acta Hort.,
vol. 481, pp. 539-544. 1999
[1] P. Armitage. Chemical control of Phytophthora cinnamomi in irrigation
water. Australian Hort., vol. 91, pp. 30-36.1993
[2] F. Benoit, and N. Ceustermans,. Low pressure UV disinfection also
effective for NFT-lettuce. European Vegetable, R.D. centre, Sint-
Katelijne-Waver, Belgium, 1993. pp.9
[3] P. Biswas, and C. Y. Wu. Critical review: nanoparticles and the
environment. J. Air waste Manag. Assoc., vol. 55, pp. 708-764. 2005
[4] T. J. Brunner, P. Wick, P. Manser, P. Spohn, R. N. Grass, L. K.
Limbach, Bruinink and W. J. Stark. In vitro cytotoxicity of oxide
nanoparticles: comparison to asbestos, silica and the effect of particle
solubility. Environ. Sci. Technol. vol. 40, pp. 4374-4381. 2006
[5] R. J. Bull, C. Gerba, and R. Rhodes Trussel. Evaluation of the health
risks associated with disinfection. Crit. Rev. Environ. Contr., vol. 20, pp.
77-113. 1990
[6] S. Date, T. Hataya, and T. Namiki. Effects of nutrient and environmental
pretreatments on the occurrence of root injury of lettuce caused by
chloramines. Acta Hort., vol 481, pp. 553-559. 1999
[7] F. Déniel, P. Rey, M. Chérif, A. Guillou, and Y. Tirilly. Indigenous
bacteria with antagonistic- and plant growth promoting-activities
improve slow filtration efficiency in soilless culture. Can. J. Microbiol.,
vol. 50, pp. 499-508. 2004
[8] D. L. Ehret, B. Alsanius, W. Hohanka, J. G. Menzies and R. Utkhede.
Disinfestation of recirculating nutrient solutions in greenhouse
horticulture. Agronomie, vol. 21, 323-339. 2001
[9] B. Jarvis. Does Hydroponic Production Solve Soilborne Problems?
American Vegetable Grower, vol. 10, pp. 54-57.1991
[10] G. Jia, H. F. Wang, L. Yan, X. Wang, R. J. Pei, L. Yan, Y. L. Zhao, and
X. B. Guo.. Cytotoxicity of carbon nanomaterials: single wall nanotube,
multiwall nanotube and flluerene. Environ. Sci. Technol. vol. 39
pp.1378-1383. 2005
[11] C. W. Lam, J. T. James, R. McCluskey, S. Arepalli,. and R. L. Hunter. A
review of carbon nanotube toxicity and assessment of potential
occupational and environmental health risks. Crit. Rev. Toxicol., vol. 36
pp. 189-217. 2006
[12] G. M. McPherson, M. R. Harriman, and D. Pattisson, The potential for
spread of root diseases in recirculating hydroponic systems and their
control with disinfection. Meded. Fac. Landbouww. Univ. Gent., vol
60/2b, pp. 371-379.1995
[13] A. Nel, T. Xia, L. Madler. and N. Li.. Toxic potential of materials at the
nano level. Science. Vol. 311, pp. 622-627. 2006
[14] J. Postma, M. J. E .I. M. Willemsen-de Klein, and J. D. van Elsas. Effect
of the indigenous microflora on the development of root and crown rot
caused by Pythium apanidermatum in cucumber grown on rockwool.
Phytopathology, vol. 90, pp. 125-133. 2000
[15] J. Sawai, H. Igarashi, A. Hashimoto, T. Kokugan, and M.
Shimizu.Evaluation of growth inhibitory effect of ceramics powder
slurry on bacteria by conductance method. J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., vol. 28,
pp. 288-293. 1995
[16] K. T. Soto, A. Carrasco., T. G. Powell, L. E. Murr. and K. M. Garza.
Biological effects of nanoparticulite materials. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 26,
pp.1421-1427. 2006
[17] H. Rattink. Epidemiology of Fusarium crown and root rot in artificial
substrate systems. Meded. Fac. Landbouwwet. Rijksuniv. Gent, vol.
56/2b, pp. 423-430.1991
[18] W. T. Runia, Disinfection of recirculation water from closed cultivation
systems with iodine. Meded. Fac. Landbouwwet. Univ. Gent., vol. 59/3a:
1065-1070. 1994.
[19] W. T. Runia.. A review of possibilities for disinfection of recirculation
water from soilless culture. Acta Hort., vol. 382, pp. 221-229.1995.
[20] M. E. Stanghellini, D. H. Kim, S. L. Rasmussen, and P. A. Rorabaugh.
Control of root rot of peppers caused by Phytophthora capsici with a
non-ionic surfactant. Plant Dis., vol. 80, pp. 1113-1116. 1996
[21] E. A. Van. Closed soilless growing systems in the Notherlands the
finishing touch. Acta Hort., vol. 458, pp. 279-291.1998.
[22] A. Vanachter. Development of Olpidium and Pythium in the nutrient
solutions of NFT grown lettuce, and possible control methods. Acta
Hort., vol. 382, pp. 187-196. 1995
[23] A. Vanachter, L. Thys, E. Van Wambeke, and C. Van Assche. Possible
use of ozone for disinfestation of plant nutrient solutions. Acta Hort.,
vol. 221, pp. 295-300. 1998
[24] W. Wohanka, H. Luedtke, H. Ahlers, and M. Luebke. Optimization of
slow filtration as a means for disinfecting nutrient solutions. Acta Hort.,
vol. 481, pp. 539-544. 1999
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:61028", author = "R. Amooaghaie", title = "Fungal Disinfection by Nanofiltration in Tomato Soilless Culture", abstract = "Principally, plants grown in soilless culture may be
attacked by the same pests and diseases as cultivated traditionally in
soil. The most destructive phytopathogens are fungi, such as
Phythium, Phytophthora and Fusarium, followed by viruses, bacteria
and nematodes. We investigated effect of carbon nanotube filters on
disease management of soilless culture. Tomato seedlings transplant
in plastic pots filled with a soilless media of vermiculite. The crop
irrigated and fertilized using a hydroponic nutrient solution. We used
carbon nanotube filters for nutrient solution disinfection. Our results
show that carbon nanotube filtration significantly reduces pathogens
on tomato plants. Fungal elimination (Fusarium oxysporum and
Pythium spp.) was usually successful at about 96 to 99.9% all over
the cultural season. It is seem that in tomato soilless culture,
nanofiltration constitutes a reliable method that allows control of the
development of diseases caused by pathogenic fungi", keywords = "Fusarium oxysporum, Nanofilteration, Pythium spp.,Soilless culture, Tomato", volume = "5", number = "8", pages = "476-3", }
