Finite Element Analysis of Cooling Time and Residual Strains in Cold Spray Deposited Titanium Particles
In this article, using finite element analysis (FEA)
and an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), cold-sprayed titanium particles
on a steel substrate is investigated in term of cooling time and the
development of residual strains. Three cooling-down models of
sprayed particles after deposition stage are simulated and discussed:
the first model (m1) considers conduction effect to the substrate only,
the second model (m2) considers both conduction as well as
convection effect to the environment, and the third model (m3) which
is the same as the second model but with the substrate heated to a
near particle temperature before spraying. Thereafter, residual strains
developed in the third model is compared with the experimental
measurement of residual strains, which involved a Bruker D8
Advance Diffractometer using CuKa radiation (40kV, 40mA)
monochromatised with a graphite sample monochromator. For
deposition conditions of this study, a good correlation was found to
exist between the FEA results and XRD measurements of residual
strains.
[1] S.H. Zahiri, W. Yang and M. Jahedi, J. Therm. Spray Technol., Vol.
18(1) (2009), pp. 110-117.
[2] S.H. Zahiri, S.C. Mayo and M. Jahedi, Microsc. Microanal. Vol. 14
(2008), pp. 260-266.
[3] W. Li, C. Zhang, C Li and H. Liao, J. Therm. Spray Technol., Vol. 18(5-
6) (2009), pp. 921-933.
[4] T. Schmidt, H. Assadi, F. Gärtner, H. Richter, T. Stoltenhoff, H. Kreye,
and T. Klassen, J. Therm. Spray Technol., Vol. 18(5-6) (2009), pp. 794-
808.
[5] D. Rafaja, T. Schucknecht, V. Klemm, A. Paul, and H Berek, Surf.
Coats. Technol., Vol. 203(20-21) (2009) pp. 3206-3213.
[6] B.D. Cullity and S.R. Stock, 3rd Edition, "Elements of X-ray
Diffraction", Prentice Hall, New Jersey (2001).
[7] I. Noyan, and J. Cohen, "Residual Strain-Measurement Diffraction and
Interpretation", Springer-Verlag, (1987).
[8] R. Ghafouri-Azar, J. Mostaghimi and S. Chandra, Comp. Mater. Sci.,
Vol. 35 (2006) pp. 13-26.
[9] H. P. Klug and L. E.Alexander, "X-ray Diffraction Procedures for
Polycrystalline and amorphous Materials", 2nd Edition, John Wilay &
Sons, New York (1974).
[10] K. Kim, M. Watanabe and S. Kuroda, J. Therm. Spray Technol., Vol.
18(4) (2009), pp. 490-498.
[11] C. Lyphout, P. Nylen, A. Manescu and T. Pirling, J. Therm. Spray
Technol., Vol. 17(5-6) (2008), pp. 915-923.
[1] S.H. Zahiri, W. Yang and M. Jahedi, J. Therm. Spray Technol., Vol.
18(1) (2009), pp. 110-117.
[2] S.H. Zahiri, S.C. Mayo and M. Jahedi, Microsc. Microanal. Vol. 14
(2008), pp. 260-266.
[3] W. Li, C. Zhang, C Li and H. Liao, J. Therm. Spray Technol., Vol. 18(5-
6) (2009), pp. 921-933.
[4] T. Schmidt, H. Assadi, F. Gärtner, H. Richter, T. Stoltenhoff, H. Kreye,
and T. Klassen, J. Therm. Spray Technol., Vol. 18(5-6) (2009), pp. 794-
808.
[5] D. Rafaja, T. Schucknecht, V. Klemm, A. Paul, and H Berek, Surf.
Coats. Technol., Vol. 203(20-21) (2009) pp. 3206-3213.
[6] B.D. Cullity and S.R. Stock, 3rd Edition, "Elements of X-ray
Diffraction", Prentice Hall, New Jersey (2001).
[7] I. Noyan, and J. Cohen, "Residual Strain-Measurement Diffraction and
Interpretation", Springer-Verlag, (1987).
[8] R. Ghafouri-Azar, J. Mostaghimi and S. Chandra, Comp. Mater. Sci.,
Vol. 35 (2006) pp. 13-26.
[9] H. P. Klug and L. E.Alexander, "X-ray Diffraction Procedures for
Polycrystalline and amorphous Materials", 2nd Edition, John Wilay &
Sons, New York (1974).
[10] K. Kim, M. Watanabe and S. Kuroda, J. Therm. Spray Technol., Vol.
18(4) (2009), pp. 490-498.
[11] C. Lyphout, P. Nylen, A. Manescu and T. Pirling, J. Therm. Spray
Technol., Vol. 17(5-6) (2008), pp. 915-923.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:59538", author = "Thanh-Duoc Phan and Saden H. Zahiri and S. H. Masood and Mahnaz Jahedi", title = "Finite Element Analysis of Cooling Time and Residual Strains in Cold Spray Deposited Titanium Particles", abstract = "In this article, using finite element analysis (FEA)
and an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), cold-sprayed titanium particles
on a steel substrate is investigated in term of cooling time and the
development of residual strains. Three cooling-down models of
sprayed particles after deposition stage are simulated and discussed:
the first model (m1) considers conduction effect to the substrate only,
the second model (m2) considers both conduction as well as
convection effect to the environment, and the third model (m3) which
is the same as the second model but with the substrate heated to a
near particle temperature before spraying. Thereafter, residual strains
developed in the third model is compared with the experimental
measurement of residual strains, which involved a Bruker D8
Advance Diffractometer using CuKa radiation (40kV, 40mA)
monochromatised with a graphite sample monochromator. For
deposition conditions of this study, a good correlation was found to
exist between the FEA results and XRD measurements of residual
strains.", keywords = "cold gas dynamic spray, X-ray diffraction, explicit
finite element analysis, residual strain, titanium, particle impact,
deformation behavior.", volume = "6", number = "8", pages = "778-5", }