Experimental Investigation of the Maximum Axial Force in the Folding Process of Aluminum Square Columns
In this paper, a semi empirical formula is presented based on the experimental results to predict the first pick (maximum force) value in the instantaneous folding force- axial distance diagram of a square column. To achieve this purpose, the maximum value of the folding force was assumed to be a function of the average folding force. Using the experimental results, the maximum value of the force necessary to initiate the first fold in a square column was obtained with respect to the geometrical quantities and material properties. Finally, the results obtained from the semi empirical relation in this paper, were compared to the experimental results which showed a good correlation.
[1] D. Mohr, and M. Doyoyo, "Deformation-induced folding systems in
thin-walled monolithic hexagonal metallic honeycomb," International
Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 4, pp. 3353-3377, 2004.
[2] A. Niknejad, G. H. Liaghat, A. H. Behravesh, and H. M. Naeini,
"Theoretical investigation of the instantaneous folding force during the
first fold creation in a square column," International Conference on
Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering,, Bangkok, pp. 332-
337, 2008.
[3] T. Wierzbicki, and W. Abramowicz, "On the Crushing Mechanics of
Thin-Walled Structures," Journal of Applied Mechanics, vol. 50, pp.
727-734, 1983.
[4] R. J. Hayduk, and T. Wierzbicki, "Extensional Collapse Modes of
Structural Members," Computers and Structures, vol. 18, pp. 447-458,
1984.
[5] W. Abramowicz, "The Effective Crushing Distance in Axially
Compressed Thin-Walled Metal Columns," International Journal of
Impact Engineering, vol. 1(3), pp. 309-317, 1983.
[6] W. Abramowicz, and N. Jones, "Dynamic Axial Crushing of Square
Tubes," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 2(2), pp.
179-208, 1984.
[7] W. Abramowicz, and T. Wierzbicki, "Axial Crushing of Foam-Filled
Columns," International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, vol. 30(3/4),
pp. 263-271, 1988.
[8] W. Abramowicz, and T. Wierzbicki, "Axial Crushing of Multicorner
Sheet Metal Columns," Journal of Applied Mechanics, vol. 56, pp. 113-
120, 1989.
[9] G. H. Liaghat, and A. Alavinia, "A Comment on the Axial Crush of
Metallic Honeycombs by Wu and Jiang," International Journal of
Impact Engineering, vol. 28, pp. 1143-1146, 2003.
[10] G. H. Liaghat, H. R. Daghiani, M. Sedighi, and A. Alavinia, "Dynamic
Crushing of Honeycomb panel under Impact of Cylindrical Projectile,"
Amirkabir Journal, vol. 53, pp. 68-79, 2002.
[11] G. H. Liaghat, M. Sedighi, H. R. Daghiani, and A. Alavinia, "Crushing
of Metal honeycomb structures under Quasi-static Loads," Tehran
University Journal, vol. 37(1), pp. 145-156, 2003.
[12] J. Zamani, M. Soleimani, A. Darvizeh, and G. H. Liaghat, "Numerical
Analysis of Full Folding of Thin-Walled Structures with Square Crosssection
by LS-DYNA," Fourteenth International Conference of
Mechanical Engineering,, Iran, 2006.
[13] A. Alavinia, and G. H. Liaghat, "Investigation of Properties and Quasistatic
Analysis of Honeycombs," Twelfth International Conference of
Mechanical Engineering, Tehran, 2004.
[14] A. Alavinia, and G. H. Liaghat, "Dynamic Crushing of Thin-Walled
Columns under Impact of Projectile," Twelfth International Conference
of Mechanical Engineering, Tehran, 2004.
[15] J. Zamani, and G. H. Liaghat, "Effect of Honeycomb Main Properties
under Impact Loads," Tenth International Conference of Mechanical
Engineering, Iran, pp. 687-689, 2002.
[16] S. Santosa, and T. Wierzbicki, "Effect of Ultralight Metal Filler on the
Bending Collapse Behavior of Thin-Walled Prismatic Columns,"
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, vol. 41, pp. 995-1019,
1999.
[17] S. Santosa, T. Wierzbicki, A. G. Hanssen, and M. Langseth,
"Experimental and Numerical Studies of Foam-Filled Sections,"
International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 24, pp. 509-534,
2000.
[18] W. Chen, and T. Wierzbicki, "Relative Merits of Single-Cell, Multi-Cell
and Foam-Filled Thin-Walled Structures in Energy Absorption," Thin-
Walled Structures, vol. 39, pp. 287-306, 2001.
[19] X. Zhang, G. Cheng, and H. Zhang, "Theoretical Prediction and
Numerical Simulation of Multi-Cell Square Thin-Walled Structures,"
Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 44, pp. 1185-1191, 2006.
[20] M. Langseth, O. S. Hopperstad, and A. G. Hanssen, "Crash Behaviour
of Thin-Walled Aluminium Members," Thin-Walled structures, vol. 32,
pp. 127-150, 1998.
[1] D. Mohr, and M. Doyoyo, "Deformation-induced folding systems in
thin-walled monolithic hexagonal metallic honeycomb," International
Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 4, pp. 3353-3377, 2004.
[2] A. Niknejad, G. H. Liaghat, A. H. Behravesh, and H. M. Naeini,
"Theoretical investigation of the instantaneous folding force during the
first fold creation in a square column," International Conference on
Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering,, Bangkok, pp. 332-
337, 2008.
[3] T. Wierzbicki, and W. Abramowicz, "On the Crushing Mechanics of
Thin-Walled Structures," Journal of Applied Mechanics, vol. 50, pp.
727-734, 1983.
[4] R. J. Hayduk, and T. Wierzbicki, "Extensional Collapse Modes of
Structural Members," Computers and Structures, vol. 18, pp. 447-458,
1984.
[5] W. Abramowicz, "The Effective Crushing Distance in Axially
Compressed Thin-Walled Metal Columns," International Journal of
Impact Engineering, vol. 1(3), pp. 309-317, 1983.
[6] W. Abramowicz, and N. Jones, "Dynamic Axial Crushing of Square
Tubes," International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 2(2), pp.
179-208, 1984.
[7] W. Abramowicz, and T. Wierzbicki, "Axial Crushing of Foam-Filled
Columns," International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, vol. 30(3/4),
pp. 263-271, 1988.
[8] W. Abramowicz, and T. Wierzbicki, "Axial Crushing of Multicorner
Sheet Metal Columns," Journal of Applied Mechanics, vol. 56, pp. 113-
120, 1989.
[9] G. H. Liaghat, and A. Alavinia, "A Comment on the Axial Crush of
Metallic Honeycombs by Wu and Jiang," International Journal of
Impact Engineering, vol. 28, pp. 1143-1146, 2003.
[10] G. H. Liaghat, H. R. Daghiani, M. Sedighi, and A. Alavinia, "Dynamic
Crushing of Honeycomb panel under Impact of Cylindrical Projectile,"
Amirkabir Journal, vol. 53, pp. 68-79, 2002.
[11] G. H. Liaghat, M. Sedighi, H. R. Daghiani, and A. Alavinia, "Crushing
of Metal honeycomb structures under Quasi-static Loads," Tehran
University Journal, vol. 37(1), pp. 145-156, 2003.
[12] J. Zamani, M. Soleimani, A. Darvizeh, and G. H. Liaghat, "Numerical
Analysis of Full Folding of Thin-Walled Structures with Square Crosssection
by LS-DYNA," Fourteenth International Conference of
Mechanical Engineering,, Iran, 2006.
[13] A. Alavinia, and G. H. Liaghat, "Investigation of Properties and Quasistatic
Analysis of Honeycombs," Twelfth International Conference of
Mechanical Engineering, Tehran, 2004.
[14] A. Alavinia, and G. H. Liaghat, "Dynamic Crushing of Thin-Walled
Columns under Impact of Projectile," Twelfth International Conference
of Mechanical Engineering, Tehran, 2004.
[15] J. Zamani, and G. H. Liaghat, "Effect of Honeycomb Main Properties
under Impact Loads," Tenth International Conference of Mechanical
Engineering, Iran, pp. 687-689, 2002.
[16] S. Santosa, and T. Wierzbicki, "Effect of Ultralight Metal Filler on the
Bending Collapse Behavior of Thin-Walled Prismatic Columns,"
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, vol. 41, pp. 995-1019,
1999.
[17] S. Santosa, T. Wierzbicki, A. G. Hanssen, and M. Langseth,
"Experimental and Numerical Studies of Foam-Filled Sections,"
International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 24, pp. 509-534,
2000.
[18] W. Chen, and T. Wierzbicki, "Relative Merits of Single-Cell, Multi-Cell
and Foam-Filled Thin-Walled Structures in Energy Absorption," Thin-
Walled Structures, vol. 39, pp. 287-306, 2001.
[19] X. Zhang, G. Cheng, and H. Zhang, "Theoretical Prediction and
Numerical Simulation of Multi-Cell Square Thin-Walled Structures,"
Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 44, pp. 1185-1191, 2006.
[20] M. Langseth, O. S. Hopperstad, and A. G. Hanssen, "Crash Behaviour
of Thin-Walled Aluminium Members," Thin-Walled structures, vol. 32,
pp. 127-150, 1998.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:55528", author = "A. Niknejad and G. H. Liaghat and A. H. Behravesh and H. Moslemi Naeini", title = "Experimental Investigation of the Maximum Axial Force in the Folding Process of Aluminum Square Columns", abstract = "In this paper, a semi empirical formula is presented based on the experimental results to predict the first pick (maximum force) value in the instantaneous folding force- axial distance diagram of a square column. To achieve this purpose, the maximum value of the folding force was assumed to be a function of the average folding force. Using the experimental results, the maximum value of the force necessary to initiate the first fold in a square column was obtained with respect to the geometrical quantities and material properties. Finally, the results obtained from the semi empirical relation in this paper, were compared to the experimental results which showed a good correlation.
", keywords = "Honeycomb, folding force, square column, aluminum, axial loading.", volume = "3", number = "4", pages = "371-5", }
