Experiment and Simulation of Laser Effect on Thermal Field of Porcine Liver
In medical therapy, laser has been widely used to conduct cosmetic, tumor and other treatments. During the process of laser irradiation, there may be thermal damage caused by excessive laser exposure. Thus, the establishment of a complete thermal analysis model is clinically helpful to physicians in reference data. In this study, porcine liver in place of tissue was subjected to laser irradiation to set up the experimental data considering the explored impact on surface thermal field and thermal damage region under different conditions of power, laser irradiation time, and distance between laser and porcine liver. In the experimental process, the surface temperature distribution of the porcine lever was measured by the infrared thermal imager. In the part of simulation, the bio heat transfer Pennes-s equation was solved by software SYSWELD applying in welding process. The double ellipsoid function as a laser source term is firstly considered in the prediction for surface thermal field and internal tissue damage. The simulation results are compared with the experimental data to validate the mathematical model established here in.
[1] K. Ivarsson, J. Olstrud, C. Sturesson, et al, Feedback interstitial diode laser (805 nm) thermotherapy system: ex vivo evaluation and
mathematical modeling with one and four-fibers, Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 22: 86-96 (1998).
[2] A.M. Minhaj, F. Manns, P.J. Milne, et al, Laser interstitial themotherapy
(LITT) monitoring using high-resolution digital mammography: theory
and experimental studies, Physics in Medicine and Biology 47: 2987-2999 (2002).
[3] E. Rohde, I. M. V. Rheinbaben, A. Roggan, et al, Interstitial Laser-Induced Thermotherapy (LITT): Comparison of In-Vitro
Irradiation Effects of Nd:YAG (1064 nm) and Diode (940 nm) Laser, Medical Laser Application. 16: 81-90 (2001).
[4] A. Roggan, J. P. Ritz, V. Knappe, et al, Radiation Planning for Thermal
Laser Treatment, Medical Laser Application 16: 65-72 (2001).
[5] V. Knappei, A. Roggan, M. Glotz, et al, New Flexi ble Applicators for Laser-Induced Thermotherapy, Medical Laser Application 16: 73-80
(2001).
[6] R. A. London, M. E. Glinsky, G. B. Zimmerman, Laser-tissue interaction
modeling with LATIS, Applied Optics 36´╝Ü9068-9074 (1997)
[7] R. A Thomas, K. E Donne, M. Clement, et al, Ther- mographic Methods
During Laser-Tissue Interaction
[8] A. M. MOLS, V. KNAPPE, H. BUHR, Laser-induced Thermo- therapy
(LITT): Dose-Effect Relation on Lung Tissue Medical Laser
Application19:160-166 (2004)
[9] H. H. Pennes, Analysis of tissue and arterial blood temperatures in the
resting human forearm. Journal of Applied Physiology 1: 93-122 (1948).
[10] B. X. Wang and Y. M. Wang, study on the basic equations of biomedical
heat transfer, Transport Phenomena Science and Technology: 273-276
(1992).
[11] S. F Cheng, Bio-heat heat transfer analysis of elective photocoagulation
method coordinated with jet cooling effect, Department of Applied Mathematics, National Chung Hsing University, PhD dissertation (2007).
[12] S. Karaa, J. Zhang, F. Yang, A numerical study of a 3D bioheat transfer
problem with different spatial heating, Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 68: 375 -388 (2005).
[13] W. Shen, J. Zhang, Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Bioheat
Transfer and Biomechanics in Soft Tissue, Mathematical and Computer Modelling 41: 1251- 1265 (2005).
[14] G. Yoon, A. J. Welch, M. Motamedi, et al, Develop- ment and Application of Three- Dimensional Light Distribution Model for Laser
Irradiated Tissue, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 23: 1721-1733
(1987).
[15] G. L. LeCarpentier, M. M. Linda, P. McMath, et al, Continuous Wave
Laser Ablation of Tissue: Analysis of Thermal and Mechanical Events,
IEEE Tran- sactions on Biomedical engineering 40: 188-200 (1993).
[16] F. F. Vélez, O. G. Romanov, J. L. A. Diego, Efficient 3D numerical
appro- ach for temperature prediction in laser irradiated biological tissues,
Computers in Biology and Medicine 39: 810 - 817 (2009).
[17] R. Dua, S. Chakraborty, A novel modeling and simulation technique of
photothermal interactions between lasers and living biological tissues
under- going multiple changes in phase, Computers in Biology and Medicine 35: 447-462 (2005).
[18] J. Goldak, A. Chakravarti, M. Bibby, A new finite element model for welding heat sources. Metallurgical Transactions B 15B: 299-305 (1984).
[19] K. Abderrazak, S. Bannour, H. Mhiri, Numerical and experimental study
of molten pool formation during continuous laser welding of AZ91
magnesium alloy, Computational Materials Science 44´╝Ü858-866 (2009).
[20] S.A. Tsirkas, P. Papanikos Th. Kermanidis, Numerical simulation of thw
laser welding process in butt-joint specimens, Journal of processing
Technology 134´╝Ü59-69 (2003).
[21] M. K. Sidhu, A. J. Perkins, W.W. Shaw Dennis, M. A. Bittles,et al, Mhiri,
Ultrasound-guided Endovenous Diode Laser in the Treatment of
Congenital Venous Malformations: Preliminary Experience, Journal of
Vascular and Interventional Radiology 16 : 879-884(2005).
[22] P. Lanzetta, G. Virgili, E. Ferrari, Diode laser photo -coagulation of
choroidal hemangioma,International Ophthalmology 19: 239-247(2004)
[23] J. G. Eichler, O. Goncalves, A Review of Different Lasers in Endonasal
Surgery :Ar-, KTP-, Dye-, Diode-, Nd-, Ho- and CO2-Laser , Medical
Laser Application 17: 190–200 (2002)
[24] H. Watanabe, Y. Kobayashi, T. Hoshi, et al, Integrated System for RFA
Therapy with Biomechanical Simulation and Needle Insertion
Robot,System Integration, IEEE/SICE International Symposium
on :54-59 (2009)
[25] N.Siva Shanmugam , G. Buvanashekaranb, K. Sankaranarayanasamy, etc,
A transient finite element simulation of the temperature and bead profiles
of T-joint laser welds, International Journal of Modelling and Simulation
30: 5168- 5183(2010)
[26] B. S. Yilbas, Z. Yilbas, M. Sami, Thermal processes taking place in the
bone during CO2 laser irradiation, Optics & Laser Technology 28: 513
-519 (1996)
[27] G. L. LeCarpentier, M. M. Linda, P. McMath, et al, Continuous Wave
Laser Ablation of Tissue: Analysis of Thermal and Mechanical Events,
IEEE Transactions on Biomedical engineering 40: 188- 200 (1993).
[28] D. Rosenthal, Mathematical theory of heat distrib- ution during welding
and cutting, Transaction of the ASME 43: 849-866 (1946).
[29] V. Pavelic, R. Tanbakuchi, O. A. Uyehara, et al, Welding Journal
Research Supp- lement 48: 295- 305 (1969).
[1] K. Ivarsson, J. Olstrud, C. Sturesson, et al, Feedback interstitial diode laser (805 nm) thermotherapy system: ex vivo evaluation and
mathematical modeling with one and four-fibers, Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 22: 86-96 (1998).
[2] A.M. Minhaj, F. Manns, P.J. Milne, et al, Laser interstitial themotherapy
(LITT) monitoring using high-resolution digital mammography: theory
and experimental studies, Physics in Medicine and Biology 47: 2987-2999 (2002).
[3] E. Rohde, I. M. V. Rheinbaben, A. Roggan, et al, Interstitial Laser-Induced Thermotherapy (LITT): Comparison of In-Vitro
Irradiation Effects of Nd:YAG (1064 nm) and Diode (940 nm) Laser, Medical Laser Application. 16: 81-90 (2001).
[4] A. Roggan, J. P. Ritz, V. Knappe, et al, Radiation Planning for Thermal
Laser Treatment, Medical Laser Application 16: 65-72 (2001).
[5] V. Knappei, A. Roggan, M. Glotz, et al, New Flexi ble Applicators for Laser-Induced Thermotherapy, Medical Laser Application 16: 73-80
(2001).
[6] R. A. London, M. E. Glinsky, G. B. Zimmerman, Laser-tissue interaction
modeling with LATIS, Applied Optics 36´╝Ü9068-9074 (1997)
[7] R. A Thomas, K. E Donne, M. Clement, et al, Ther- mographic Methods
During Laser-Tissue Interaction
[8] A. M. MOLS, V. KNAPPE, H. BUHR, Laser-induced Thermo- therapy
(LITT): Dose-Effect Relation on Lung Tissue Medical Laser
Application19:160-166 (2004)
[9] H. H. Pennes, Analysis of tissue and arterial blood temperatures in the
resting human forearm. Journal of Applied Physiology 1: 93-122 (1948).
[10] B. X. Wang and Y. M. Wang, study on the basic equations of biomedical
heat transfer, Transport Phenomena Science and Technology: 273-276
(1992).
[11] S. F Cheng, Bio-heat heat transfer analysis of elective photocoagulation
method coordinated with jet cooling effect, Department of Applied Mathematics, National Chung Hsing University, PhD dissertation (2007).
[12] S. Karaa, J. Zhang, F. Yang, A numerical study of a 3D bioheat transfer
problem with different spatial heating, Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 68: 375 -388 (2005).
[13] W. Shen, J. Zhang, Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Bioheat
Transfer and Biomechanics in Soft Tissue, Mathematical and Computer Modelling 41: 1251- 1265 (2005).
[14] G. Yoon, A. J. Welch, M. Motamedi, et al, Develop- ment and Application of Three- Dimensional Light Distribution Model for Laser
Irradiated Tissue, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 23: 1721-1733
(1987).
[15] G. L. LeCarpentier, M. M. Linda, P. McMath, et al, Continuous Wave
Laser Ablation of Tissue: Analysis of Thermal and Mechanical Events,
IEEE Tran- sactions on Biomedical engineering 40: 188-200 (1993).
[16] F. F. Vélez, O. G. Romanov, J. L. A. Diego, Efficient 3D numerical
appro- ach for temperature prediction in laser irradiated biological tissues,
Computers in Biology and Medicine 39: 810 - 817 (2009).
[17] R. Dua, S. Chakraborty, A novel modeling and simulation technique of
photothermal interactions between lasers and living biological tissues
under- going multiple changes in phase, Computers in Biology and Medicine 35: 447-462 (2005).
[18] J. Goldak, A. Chakravarti, M. Bibby, A new finite element model for welding heat sources. Metallurgical Transactions B 15B: 299-305 (1984).
[19] K. Abderrazak, S. Bannour, H. Mhiri, Numerical and experimental study
of molten pool formation during continuous laser welding of AZ91
magnesium alloy, Computational Materials Science 44´╝Ü858-866 (2009).
[20] S.A. Tsirkas, P. Papanikos Th. Kermanidis, Numerical simulation of thw
laser welding process in butt-joint specimens, Journal of processing
Technology 134´╝Ü59-69 (2003).
[21] M. K. Sidhu, A. J. Perkins, W.W. Shaw Dennis, M. A. Bittles,et al, Mhiri,
Ultrasound-guided Endovenous Diode Laser in the Treatment of
Congenital Venous Malformations: Preliminary Experience, Journal of
Vascular and Interventional Radiology 16 : 879-884(2005).
[22] P. Lanzetta, G. Virgili, E. Ferrari, Diode laser photo -coagulation of
choroidal hemangioma,International Ophthalmology 19: 239-247(2004)
[23] J. G. Eichler, O. Goncalves, A Review of Different Lasers in Endonasal
Surgery :Ar-, KTP-, Dye-, Diode-, Nd-, Ho- and CO2-Laser , Medical
Laser Application 17: 190–200 (2002)
[24] H. Watanabe, Y. Kobayashi, T. Hoshi, et al, Integrated System for RFA
Therapy with Biomechanical Simulation and Needle Insertion
Robot,System Integration, IEEE/SICE International Symposium
on :54-59 (2009)
[25] N.Siva Shanmugam , G. Buvanashekaranb, K. Sankaranarayanasamy, etc,
A transient finite element simulation of the temperature and bead profiles
of T-joint laser welds, International Journal of Modelling and Simulation
30: 5168- 5183(2010)
[26] B. S. Yilbas, Z. Yilbas, M. Sami, Thermal processes taking place in the
bone during CO2 laser irradiation, Optics & Laser Technology 28: 513
-519 (1996)
[27] G. L. LeCarpentier, M. M. Linda, P. McMath, et al, Continuous Wave
Laser Ablation of Tissue: Analysis of Thermal and Mechanical Events,
IEEE Transactions on Biomedical engineering 40: 188- 200 (1993).
[28] D. Rosenthal, Mathematical theory of heat distrib- ution during welding
and cutting, Transaction of the ASME 43: 849-866 (1946).
[29] V. Pavelic, R. Tanbakuchi, O. A. Uyehara, et al, Welding Journal
Research Supp- lement 48: 295- 305 (1969).
@article{"International Journal of Engineering, Mathematical and Physical Sciences:59824", author = "K.Ting and K. T. Chen and Y. L. Su and C. J. Chang", title = "Experiment and Simulation of Laser Effect on Thermal Field of Porcine Liver", abstract = "In medical therapy, laser has been widely used to conduct cosmetic, tumor and other treatments. During the process of laser irradiation, there may be thermal damage caused by excessive laser exposure. Thus, the establishment of a complete thermal analysis model is clinically helpful to physicians in reference data. In this study, porcine liver in place of tissue was subjected to laser irradiation to set up the experimental data considering the explored impact on surface thermal field and thermal damage region under different conditions of power, laser irradiation time, and distance between laser and porcine liver. In the experimental process, the surface temperature distribution of the porcine lever was measured by the infrared thermal imager. In the part of simulation, the bio heat transfer Pennes-s equation was solved by software SYSWELD applying in welding process. The double ellipsoid function as a laser source term is firstly considered in the prediction for surface thermal field and internal tissue damage. The simulation results are compared with the experimental data to validate the mathematical model established here in.
", keywords = "laser infrared thermal imager, bio-heat transfer, double ellipsoid function.", volume = "6", number = "5", pages = "573-6", }
