Energy Efficiency and Renewable for Power System in Macedonia

The deficit of power supply in Macedonia is almost 30% or reached up to 3000 GWh in a year. The existing thermal and hydro power plants are not enough to cover the power and energy, so the import increases every year. Therefore, in order to have more domestic energy supply, the new trends in renewable and energy efficiency should be implemented in power sector. The paper gives some perspectives for development of the power system in Macedonia, taking into account the growth of electricity demand and in the same time with implementation of renewable and energy efficiency. The development of power system is made for the period up to 2030 with the period of every 5 years.

• Tomislav Stambolic
• Anton Causevski

• Energy
• Power System
• Renewable
• Efficiency

[1] Narayan S. Rau, Walter D. Short: "Opportunities for the Integration of
Intermittent Renewable Resources into Networks Using Existing
Storage". IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp.
181-187, March 1996.
[2] E. Holt, L. Bird: "Emerging Markets for Renewable Energy Certificates:
Opportunities and Challenges". National Renewable Energy Laboratory,
January 2005.
[3] Donald R. Wulfinghoff; Energy Efficiency Manual,1999.
[4] Ruth E Weiner, Robin A. Matthews; Environmental Engineering,
Fourth Edition, Elsevier Science. Copyright 2003.
[5] National Energy Strategy in Macedonia, MANU, Skopje 2009.
[6] Energy Strategy in Renewable in Macedonia, MANU, Skopje 2010.
[7] A. Sørensen, L.-M. Duan, J. I. Cirac, P. Zoller, Nature 409, 63 (2000).
[8] I. Buluta, F. Nori, Science 326, 108 (2009).
[9] M. Riedel et al., Nature 464, 1170 (2010).
[10] P. B¨ohi et al., Nature Phys. 5, 592 (2009).
[11] P. Treutlein et al., Fortschr. Phys. 54, 702 (2006).
[12] T. Hecht, Diploma Thesis, Technische Universit¨at M¨unchen Max-
Planck-Institut f¨ur Quantenoptik (2004).
[13] D. Press, T. Ladd, B. Zhang, Y. Yamamoto, Nature 456, 218 (2008).
[14] J. Berezovsky, M. H. Mikkelsen, N. G. Stoltz, L. A. Coldren, D.
Awschalom, Science 320, 349 (2008).
[15] D. Press et al. Nature Photonics 4, 367 (2010).
[16] Y. Li, P. Treutlein, J. Reichel, A. Sinatra, Eur. Phys. J. B 68, 365 (2009).
[17] E. Brion, K. Mølmer, M. Saffman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 260501 (2007).
[18] M. D. Lukin, M. Fleischhauer, R. Cote, L. M. Duan, D. Jaksch, J. I.
Cirac, P. Zoller, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 037901 (2001).
[19] P. Rabl et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 033003 (2006).
[20] M. Nielsen, I. & Chuang, Quantum computation and quantum information
(Cambridge University Press, 2000).
[21] S. Lloyd, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 346 (1995).
[22] S. Braunstein and P. van Loock, Rev. Mod Phys. 77, 513 (2005).
[23] J. Altepeter,D. James, P. Kwiat, Lect. Notes Phys. 649, 113 (2004).
[24] T. Pellizzari, S. A. Gardiner, J. I. Cirac, P. Zoller, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75,
3788 (1995).
[25] Y. Colombe et al., Nature 450, 272 (2007).
[26] K. Henschel, J. Majer, J. Schmiedmayer, H. Ritsch, Phys. Rev. A 82,
033810 (2010).
[27] T. P. Purdy, D. M. Stamper-Kurn, Appl. Phys. B 90, 401 (2008).
[28] S. B. Zheng and G. C. Guo, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2392 (2000).
[29] T. Ladd et al., Nature 464, 45 (2010).