Efficient Secured Lossless Coding of Medical Images– Using Modified Runlength Coding for Character Representation
Lossless compression schemes with secure
transmission play a key role in telemedicine applications that helps in
accurate diagnosis and research. Traditional cryptographic algorithms
for data security are not fast enough to process vast amount of data.
Hence a novel Secured lossless compression approach proposed in
this paper is based on reversible integer wavelet transform, EZW
algorithm, new modified runlength coding for character
representation and selective bit scrambling. The use of the lifting
scheme allows generating truly lossless integer-to-integer wavelet
transforms. Images are compressed/decompressed by well-known
EZW algorithm. The proposed modified runlength coding greatly
improves the compression performance and also increases the
security level. This work employs scrambling method which is fast,
simple to implement and it provides security. Lossless compression
ratios and distortion performance of this proposed method are found
to be better than other lossless techniques.
[1] Amir said and William A. Pearlman," An Image multiresolution
representation for lossy and lossless compression," IEEE Transactions
on Image processing, vol.5, pp.1303-1310, Sept.1996.
[2] R.Calderbank, I.Daubechies, W.Sweldens, and B-L.Yeo, " Wavelet
transforms that map integers to integers," submitted to Journal of
Applied and Computational Harmonics Analysis.
[3] Data Encryption standard, FIPS PUB 46, Jan. 1977.
[4] I.Daubechies and W.Sweldens, "Factoring wavelet transforms into
lifting steps," preprint, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, 1996.
[5] G.L.Hobbs, "Video Scrambling", U.S.Patent 5815 572, Sep. 29, 1998.
[6] Jun Wang, H.K.Haung, "Medical Image Compression by Using Three-
Dimensional Wavelet Transformation", IEEE Transactions on Medical
Imaging,vol. 15, pp.547-554, Aug.1996.
[7] B.Macq and J.Quisquater," Cryptology for digital TV broadcasting",
Proc. IEEE, vol.83, pp.944-957, June 1995.
[8] J.Meyer and F.Gadegast, "Security Mechanisms for Multimedia Data
with the Example MPEG-1 Video," ,
http://www.cs.tuberlin.de/phade/phade/secm-peg.html,1995.
[9] J.Shapiro, "Embedded Image coding using zerotrees of wavelet
coefficients", IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol.41, pp.
3445- 3462, Dec.1993.
[10] Steven Dewritte, Jan Cornelis, Member, "Lossless Integer Wavelet
Transform", IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol.4.pp.158-160, June
1997.
[11] W.Sweldens, "The Lifting scheme: A custom-design construction of
biorthogonal wavelets," Journal of Applied and Computational
Harmonic Analysis,vol. 3 (2),pp.186-200,1996.
[12] G.K.Wallace," The JPEG still picture compression standard,"
Comm.ACM,34, 1991, 30-44.
[13] M.J.Weinberger, G.seroussi, and G.Shapiro,"LOCO-I:Alow
complexity, context-based lossless image compression algorithm," in
Proc.of 1996 Data Compression Conference,1996,pp.140-149.
[14] M.J.Weinberger, J.J.Rissanen and R.B.Arps,"Applications of universal
context modeling to lossless compression of gray-scale images," IEEE
Trans. Image Processing,5, 1996, 575-586.
[15] Wenjun Zeng,Shawmin Lei, "Efficient Frequency Domain Selective
Scrambling of Digital Video", IEEE Transaction on multimedia,vol. 5,
March 2003.
[16] S.Wong, L.Zaremba,D.Gooden, and H.K.Huang, "Radiologic image
compression -A review," Proc.of the IEEE, vol.83, pp.194-
219,Feb.1995.
[17] X.Wu and N.Menon,"CALIC-A context based adaptive lossless image
codec," in Proc.of 1996 International Conference on
Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing, 1996,pp.1890-1893.
[18] D.Zeidler and J.Griffin, "Method and Apparatus for Television Signal
Scrambling using Block Shuffling," U.S. Patent 5 321 748, June 14,
1994.
[19] Rafael C.Gonzalez, "Digital Image Processing," 2nded. pp. 343-362,
1992.
[1] Amir said and William A. Pearlman," An Image multiresolution
representation for lossy and lossless compression," IEEE Transactions
on Image processing, vol.5, pp.1303-1310, Sept.1996.
[2] R.Calderbank, I.Daubechies, W.Sweldens, and B-L.Yeo, " Wavelet
transforms that map integers to integers," submitted to Journal of
Applied and Computational Harmonics Analysis.
[3] Data Encryption standard, FIPS PUB 46, Jan. 1977.
[4] I.Daubechies and W.Sweldens, "Factoring wavelet transforms into
lifting steps," preprint, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, 1996.
[5] G.L.Hobbs, "Video Scrambling", U.S.Patent 5815 572, Sep. 29, 1998.
[6] Jun Wang, H.K.Haung, "Medical Image Compression by Using Three-
Dimensional Wavelet Transformation", IEEE Transactions on Medical
Imaging,vol. 15, pp.547-554, Aug.1996.
[7] B.Macq and J.Quisquater," Cryptology for digital TV broadcasting",
Proc. IEEE, vol.83, pp.944-957, June 1995.
[8] J.Meyer and F.Gadegast, "Security Mechanisms for Multimedia Data
with the Example MPEG-1 Video," ,
http://www.cs.tuberlin.de/phade/phade/secm-peg.html,1995.
[9] J.Shapiro, "Embedded Image coding using zerotrees of wavelet
coefficients", IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol.41, pp.
3445- 3462, Dec.1993.
[10] Steven Dewritte, Jan Cornelis, Member, "Lossless Integer Wavelet
Transform", IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol.4.pp.158-160, June
1997.
[11] W.Sweldens, "The Lifting scheme: A custom-design construction of
biorthogonal wavelets," Journal of Applied and Computational
Harmonic Analysis,vol. 3 (2),pp.186-200,1996.
[12] G.K.Wallace," The JPEG still picture compression standard,"
Comm.ACM,34, 1991, 30-44.
[13] M.J.Weinberger, G.seroussi, and G.Shapiro,"LOCO-I:Alow
complexity, context-based lossless image compression algorithm," in
Proc.of 1996 Data Compression Conference,1996,pp.140-149.
[14] M.J.Weinberger, J.J.Rissanen and R.B.Arps,"Applications of universal
context modeling to lossless compression of gray-scale images," IEEE
Trans. Image Processing,5, 1996, 575-586.
[15] Wenjun Zeng,Shawmin Lei, "Efficient Frequency Domain Selective
Scrambling of Digital Video", IEEE Transaction on multimedia,vol. 5,
March 2003.
[16] S.Wong, L.Zaremba,D.Gooden, and H.K.Huang, "Radiologic image
compression -A review," Proc.of the IEEE, vol.83, pp.194-
219,Feb.1995.
[17] X.Wu and N.Menon,"CALIC-A context based adaptive lossless image
codec," in Proc.of 1996 International Conference on
Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing, 1996,pp.1890-1893.
[18] D.Zeidler and J.Griffin, "Method and Apparatus for Television Signal
Scrambling using Block Shuffling," U.S. Patent 5 321 748, June 14,
1994.
[19] Rafael C.Gonzalez, "Digital Image Processing," 2nded. pp. 343-362,
1992.
@article{"International Journal of Information, Control and Computer Sciences:58767", author = "S. Annadurai and P. Geetha", title = "Efficient Secured Lossless Coding of Medical Images– Using Modified Runlength Coding for Character Representation", abstract = "Lossless compression schemes with secure
transmission play a key role in telemedicine applications that helps in
accurate diagnosis and research. Traditional cryptographic algorithms
for data security are not fast enough to process vast amount of data.
Hence a novel Secured lossless compression approach proposed in
this paper is based on reversible integer wavelet transform, EZW
algorithm, new modified runlength coding for character
representation and selective bit scrambling. The use of the lifting
scheme allows generating truly lossless integer-to-integer wavelet
transforms. Images are compressed/decompressed by well-known
EZW algorithm. The proposed modified runlength coding greatly
improves the compression performance and also increases the
security level. This work employs scrambling method which is fast,
simple to implement and it provides security. Lossless compression
ratios and distortion performance of this proposed method are found
to be better than other lossless techniques.", keywords = "EZW algorithm, lifting scheme, losslesscompression, reversible integer wavelet transform, securetransmission, selective bit scrambling, modified runlength coding .", volume = "1", number = "12", pages = "3937-5", }