Effects of Feeding Glycerol to Lactating Dairy Cows on Milk Production and Composition
A study was conducted to determine the effect of
feeding glycerol on dairy cows performance. Twenty four Holstein
Friesian crossbred (>87.5% Holstein Friesian) lactating dairy cows in
early lactation; averaging 13+2.4 kg of milk, 64+45 days in milk,
55+16 months old and 325+26 kg live weight, were stratified for
milk yield, days in milk, age, stage of lactation and body weight, and
then randomly allocated to three treatment groups. All cows were fed
approximate 8 kg of concentrate together with ad libitum corn silage
and freely access to clean water. Nil or 150 and 300g of glycerol
were supplemented to the cows according to treatment groups. All
cows consumed similar concentrate, corn silage and total DM and
NELP. There were no significant differences in DM intake, CP intake,
NELP intake, milk and milk composition yields. All cows had similar
fat, protein, lactose, solid not fat and total solid percentage. All cows
gain similar live weight. The present study indicated that,
supplementation of glycerol did not enhance milk yield, milk
composition and live weight change.
[1] J.P. Goff, and R.L. Horst, R. L. "Physiological changes at parturition
and their relationship to metabolic disorders." J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 80, pp.
1260-1268, 1997.
[2] J.C. Thompson and B. He. "Characterization of crude glycerol from
biodiesel production from multiple feedstocks". Appl. Eng. Agric. Vol.
22, pp. 261-265, 2006.
[3] S. Michnick, J. L. Roustan, F. Remize, P. Barre, and S. Dequin.
"Modulation of glycerol and ethanol yields during alcoholic
fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains overexpressed or
disrupted for GPD1 encoding glycerol 3-hosphate dehydrogenase."
Yeast , Vol. 13, pp. 783-793, 1997.
[4] L. Crandall. "Glycerol abundance cause for concern." Inform, Vol. 15,
pp. 146-147, 2004.
[5] C.F. Cori and W.M. Shine. "The formation of carbohydrate from
glycerophosphate in the liver of the rat." Science,Vol. 82, pp. 134-135,
1935.
[6] A. Simon, H. Bergner, and M. Schwabe. " Glycerol as a feed ingredient
for broiler chickens". Arch. Tierernahr, Vol 49, pp.103-112. 1996.
[7] L.J. Fisher, J. D. Erfle, G. A. Lodge, and F. D. Sauer. "Effects of
propylene glycol or glycerol supplementation of the diet of dairy cows
on feed intake, milk yield and composition, and incidence of ketosis."
Can. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 53, pp. 289-296, 1973.
[8] J.M. DeFrain, A. R. Hippen, K. F. Kalscheur, and P. W. Jardon.
"Feeding glycerol to transition dairy cows: Effects on blood metabolites
and lactation performance." J. Dairy Sci, Vol, 87, pp. 4195-4206, 2004.
[9] K.L. Ogborn." Effects ofmethod of delivery of glycerol on performance
and metabolism of dairy cows during the transition period." MS Thesis.
Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, U.S.A. 2006.
[10] L.J. Fisher, J. D. Erfle, and F. D. Sauer. " Preliminary evaluation of the
addition of glucogenic materials to the rations of lactating cows." Can. J.
Anim. Sci, Vol. 51, pp. 721-727, 1971.
[11] H. Khalili, T. Varvikko, V. Toivonen, K. Hissa, and M. Suvitie. "The
effects of added glycerol or unprotected free fatty acids or a combination
of the two on silage intake, milk production, rumen fermentation and
diet digestibility in cows given grass silage based diets." Agric. Food
Sci. Finl, Vol. 6, pp.349-362, 1997.
[12] AOAC. "Official Methods of Analysis", 16th ed. Association of Official
analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA. pp. 1588, 1995.
[13] P.J. Van Soest, J.B. Robertson and B.A. Lewis. "Methods for dietary
fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation
to animal production." J. Dairy Sci, Vol. 74, pp. 583-3,597. 1991
[14] SAS. "SAS® User-s Guide Statistics, 1996", version 6.12, 4th ed. SAS
Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. 1996.
[15] Y.H. Chung, D. E. Rico, C. M. Martinez, T. W. Cassidy, N. Noirot, A.
Ames, and G. A. Varga. "Effects of feeding dry glycerin to early
postpartum Holstein dairy cows on lactational performance and
metabolic profiles." J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 90, pp. 5682-5691, 2007.
[16] NRC. (National Research Council). " Nutrients Requirements of Dairy
Cattle. 7th ed." National Academy Press, Washington D.C., pp. 340,
2001.
[17] AAC. (Australian Agricultural Council). "Feeding Standards for
Australian Livestock: Ruminants. Standing Committee on Agriculture,
Ruminants Subcommittee. 1st ed. CSIRO", Australian Agricultural
Council, Barton, ACT, Australia, pp. 266, 1990.
[18] W. Suksombat and P. Junpanichjaroen. "Feeding of sugar cane silage to
dairy cattle during the dry season." Asian-Aust. J. of Anim. Sci, Vol. 18,
pp. 1,125-1,129, 2005.
[19] W. Suksombat and P. Mernkratoke. "Feeding of whole sugar cane to
dairy cattle during the dry season." Asian-Aust. J. of Anim. Sci, Vol. 18,
pp. 345-349, 2005.
[1] J.P. Goff, and R.L. Horst, R. L. "Physiological changes at parturition
and their relationship to metabolic disorders." J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 80, pp.
1260-1268, 1997.
[2] J.C. Thompson and B. He. "Characterization of crude glycerol from
biodiesel production from multiple feedstocks". Appl. Eng. Agric. Vol.
22, pp. 261-265, 2006.
[3] S. Michnick, J. L. Roustan, F. Remize, P. Barre, and S. Dequin.
"Modulation of glycerol and ethanol yields during alcoholic
fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains overexpressed or
disrupted for GPD1 encoding glycerol 3-hosphate dehydrogenase."
Yeast , Vol. 13, pp. 783-793, 1997.
[4] L. Crandall. "Glycerol abundance cause for concern." Inform, Vol. 15,
pp. 146-147, 2004.
[5] C.F. Cori and W.M. Shine. "The formation of carbohydrate from
glycerophosphate in the liver of the rat." Science,Vol. 82, pp. 134-135,
1935.
[6] A. Simon, H. Bergner, and M. Schwabe. " Glycerol as a feed ingredient
for broiler chickens". Arch. Tierernahr, Vol 49, pp.103-112. 1996.
[7] L.J. Fisher, J. D. Erfle, G. A. Lodge, and F. D. Sauer. "Effects of
propylene glycol or glycerol supplementation of the diet of dairy cows
on feed intake, milk yield and composition, and incidence of ketosis."
Can. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 53, pp. 289-296, 1973.
[8] J.M. DeFrain, A. R. Hippen, K. F. Kalscheur, and P. W. Jardon.
"Feeding glycerol to transition dairy cows: Effects on blood metabolites
and lactation performance." J. Dairy Sci, Vol, 87, pp. 4195-4206, 2004.
[9] K.L. Ogborn." Effects ofmethod of delivery of glycerol on performance
and metabolism of dairy cows during the transition period." MS Thesis.
Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, U.S.A. 2006.
[10] L.J. Fisher, J. D. Erfle, and F. D. Sauer. " Preliminary evaluation of the
addition of glucogenic materials to the rations of lactating cows." Can. J.
Anim. Sci, Vol. 51, pp. 721-727, 1971.
[11] H. Khalili, T. Varvikko, V. Toivonen, K. Hissa, and M. Suvitie. "The
effects of added glycerol or unprotected free fatty acids or a combination
of the two on silage intake, milk production, rumen fermentation and
diet digestibility in cows given grass silage based diets." Agric. Food
Sci. Finl, Vol. 6, pp.349-362, 1997.
[12] AOAC. "Official Methods of Analysis", 16th ed. Association of Official
analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA. pp. 1588, 1995.
[13] P.J. Van Soest, J.B. Robertson and B.A. Lewis. "Methods for dietary
fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation
to animal production." J. Dairy Sci, Vol. 74, pp. 583-3,597. 1991
[14] SAS. "SAS® User-s Guide Statistics, 1996", version 6.12, 4th ed. SAS
Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. 1996.
[15] Y.H. Chung, D. E. Rico, C. M. Martinez, T. W. Cassidy, N. Noirot, A.
Ames, and G. A. Varga. "Effects of feeding dry glycerin to early
postpartum Holstein dairy cows on lactational performance and
metabolic profiles." J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 90, pp. 5682-5691, 2007.
[16] NRC. (National Research Council). " Nutrients Requirements of Dairy
Cattle. 7th ed." National Academy Press, Washington D.C., pp. 340,
2001.
[17] AAC. (Australian Agricultural Council). "Feeding Standards for
Australian Livestock: Ruminants. Standing Committee on Agriculture,
Ruminants Subcommittee. 1st ed. CSIRO", Australian Agricultural
Council, Barton, ACT, Australia, pp. 266, 1990.
[18] W. Suksombat and P. Junpanichjaroen. "Feeding of sugar cane silage to
dairy cattle during the dry season." Asian-Aust. J. of Anim. Sci, Vol. 18,
pp. 1,125-1,129, 2005.
[19] W. Suksombat and P. Mernkratoke. "Feeding of whole sugar cane to
dairy cattle during the dry season." Asian-Aust. J. of Anim. Sci, Vol. 18,
pp. 345-349, 2005.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:50473", author = "Pipat Lounglawan and Wassana Lounglawan and Wisitiporm Suksombat", title = "Effects of Feeding Glycerol to Lactating Dairy Cows on Milk Production and Composition", abstract = "A study was conducted to determine the effect of
feeding glycerol on dairy cows performance. Twenty four Holstein
Friesian crossbred (>87.5% Holstein Friesian) lactating dairy cows in
early lactation; averaging 13+2.4 kg of milk, 64+45 days in milk,
55+16 months old and 325+26 kg live weight, were stratified for
milk yield, days in milk, age, stage of lactation and body weight, and
then randomly allocated to three treatment groups. All cows were fed
approximate 8 kg of concentrate together with ad libitum corn silage
and freely access to clean water. Nil or 150 and 300g of glycerol
were supplemented to the cows according to treatment groups. All
cows consumed similar concentrate, corn silage and total DM and
NELP. There were no significant differences in DM intake, CP intake,
NELP intake, milk and milk composition yields. All cows had similar
fat, protein, lactose, solid not fat and total solid percentage. All cows
gain similar live weight. The present study indicated that,
supplementation of glycerol did not enhance milk yield, milk
composition and live weight change.", keywords = "Glycerol, Milk production and composition, Dairycattle", volume = "5", number = "8", pages = "420-3", }
