Effects of Allelochemical Gramine on Photosynthetic Pigments of Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa
Toxic and bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis
aeruginosa was exposed to antialgal allelochemical gramine (0, 0.5, 1,
2, 4, 8 mg·L-1), The effects of gramine on photosynthetic pigments
(lipid soluble: chlorophyll a and β-carotene; water soluble:
phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, phycoerythrin, and total phycobilins)
and absorption spectra were studied in order to identify the most
sensitive pigment probe implicating the crucial suppression site on
photosynthetic apparatus. The results obtained indicated that all
pigment parameters were decreased with gramine concentration
increasing and exposure time extending. The above serious bleaching
of pigments was also reflected on the scanning results of absorption
spectra. Phycoerytherin exhibited the highest sensitivity to gramine
added, following by the largest relative decrease. It was concluded that
gramine seriously influenced algal photosynthetic activity by
destroying photosynthetic pigments and phycoerythrin most sensitive
to gramine might be contributed to its placing the outside of
phycobilins.
[1] G. Pan, M. M. Zhang, H. Chen, H. Zou, and H. Yan, "Removal of
cyanobacterial blooms in Taihu Lake using local soils. I. Equilibrium and
kinetic screening on the flocculation of Microcystis aeruginosa using
commercially available clays and minerals," Environ. Pollut., vol. 141, pp.
195-200, 2006.
[2] S. Nakai, Y. Inoue, and M. Hosomi, "Growth inhibition of blue-green
algae by allelopathic effects of macrophyte," Wat. Sci. Tech., vol. 39, no.
8, pp. 47-53, 1999.
[3] S. Nakai, S. Yamada, and M. Hosomi, "Anti-cyanobacterial fatty acids
released from Myriophyllum spicatum," Hydrobiologia, vol. 543, pp.
71-78, 2005.
[4] M. Mjelde, and B. A. Faafeng, "Ceratophyllum demersum hampers
phytoplankton development in some small Norwegian lakes over a wide
range of phosphorus concentrations and geographical latitude," Freshwat.
Biol., vol. 37, pp. 355-365, 1997.
[5] F. M. Li, and H. Y. Hu, "Isolation and characterization of a novel antialgal
allelochemical from Phragmites communis," Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,
vol. 71, no. 11, pp. 6545-6553, 2005.
[6] Y. Hong, and H. Y. Hu, "Effects of the aquatic extract of Arundo donax L.
(giant reed) on the growth of freshwater algae," Allelopathy J., vol. 20, no.
2, pp. 315-325, Oct. 2007.
[7] M. D. Greca, P. Monaco, L. Previtera, G. Aliotta, G. Pinto, and A. Pollio,
"Allelochemical activity of phenylpropanes from Acorus gramineus,"
Phytochemistry, vol. 28, no. 9, pp. 2319-2321, 1989.
[8] Y. Hong, H. Y. Hu, A. Sakoda, and M. Sagehashi, "Isolation and
characterization of antialgal allelochemicals from Arundo donax L.,"
Allelopathy J., vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 357-368, Mar. 2010.
[9] Y. Hong, H. Y. Hu, X. Xie, A. Sakoda, M. Sagehashi, and F. M. Li,
"Gramine-induced growth inhibition, oxidative damage and antioxidant
responses in freshwater cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa," Aquat.
Toxicol., vol. 91, no. 3, pp. 262-269, Feb. 2009.
[10] Y. J. Men, H. Y. Hu, and F. M. Li, "Effects of an allelopathic fraction
from Phragmitis communis Trin on the growth characteristics of
Scenedesmus obliquus," Ecol. Environ., vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 925-929, 2006.
(in Chinese)
[11] E. Leu, A. Krieger-Liszkay, C. Goussias, and E. M. Gross, "Polyphenolic
allelochemicals from the aquatic angiosperm Myriophyllum spicatum
inhibit photosystem II," Plant Physiol., vol. 130, no. 4, pp. 2011-2018,
2002.
[12] A. Pollio, G. Pinto, R. Ligrone, and G. Aliotta, "Effects of the potential
allelochemical ╬▒-asarone on growth, physiology and ultrastructure of two
unicellular green algae," J. Appl. Phycol., vol. 5, pp. 395-403, 1993.
[13] E. M. Gross, H. Meyer, and G. Schilling, "Release and ecological impact
of algicidal hydrolysable polyphenols in Myriophyllum spicatum,"
Phytochemistry, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 133-138. 1996.
[14] C. Wu, X. X. Chang, H. J. Dong, D. F. Li, and J. Y. Liu, "Allelopathic
inhibitory effect of Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. On
Microcystis aeruginosa and its physiological mechanism," Acta Ecol.
Sin., vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 2595-2603, Jun. 2008.
[15] Y. Hong, J. J. Huang, and H. Y. Hu, "Effects of a novel allelochemical
ethyl 2-methyl acetoacetate (EMA) on the ultrastructure and pigment
composition of cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa," Bull. Environ.
Contam. Toxicol, vol. 83, no. 4, pp. 502-508, Oct. 2009.
[16] F. M. Li, and H. Y. Hu, "Allelopathic effects of different macrophytes on
the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa," Allelopathy J., vol. 15, pp.
145-151, 2005.
[17] D. I. Arnon, "Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts:
polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris," Plant Physiol., vol. 24, pp. 1-15,
1949.
[18] C. W. Grobe, and T. M. Murphy, "Solar ultraviolet-B radiation effects on
growth and pigment composition of the intertidal alga Ulva expansa
(Setch.) S.&G. (Chlorophyta)," J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., vol. 225, pp.
39-51, 1998.
[19] J. N. Abelson, and M. I. Simon, "Phycobiliproteins in cyanobacteria," in
Method in enzymology, P. Lester, and N. G. Alexander, Eds. London:
Academic Press, 1988, p. 167.
[20] M. P. Padgett, and D. W. Krogmann, "Large scale preparation of pure
phycobiliproteins," Photosynth. Res., vol. 11, pp. 225-235, 1987.
[21] P. Eullaffroy, and G. Vernet, "The F684/F735 chlorophyll fluorescence
ratio: a potential tool for rapid detection and determination of herbicide
phytotoxicity in algae," Water Res., vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 1983-1990, 2003.
[22] G. C. Papageorgiou. "The photosynthesis of cyanobacteria (blue bacteria)
from the perspective of signal analysis of chlorophyll alpha
fluorescence," J. Sci. Ind. Res. India, vol. 55, no. 8-9, pp. 596-617, 1996.
[23] D. A. Bryant, The molecular biology of cyanobacteria. Amsterdam:
Kluwer Academic publishers, 1996, pp. 559-579.
[24] Y. Hong, H. Y. Hu, A. Sakoda, and M. Sagehashi, "Effects of
allelochemical gramine on metabolic activity and ultrastructure of
cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa," 2010 Int. Conf. Environ. Sci.
Eng., submitted for publication.
[25] F. Montechiaro, and M. Giordano, "Effect of prolonged dark incubation
on pigments and photosynthesis of the cave-dwelling cyanobacterium
Phormidium autumnale (Oscillatoriales, Cyanobacteria)," Phycologia,
vol. 45, pp. 704-710, 2006.
[26] L. M. Gerasimenko, M. A. Pusheva, and S. V. Goryunova,
"Developmental cycle of and ultrastructure of Cyanidium caldarium,"
Microbiol., vol. 41, pp. 324-326, 1972.
[1] G. Pan, M. M. Zhang, H. Chen, H. Zou, and H. Yan, "Removal of
cyanobacterial blooms in Taihu Lake using local soils. I. Equilibrium and
kinetic screening on the flocculation of Microcystis aeruginosa using
commercially available clays and minerals," Environ. Pollut., vol. 141, pp.
195-200, 2006.
[2] S. Nakai, Y. Inoue, and M. Hosomi, "Growth inhibition of blue-green
algae by allelopathic effects of macrophyte," Wat. Sci. Tech., vol. 39, no.
8, pp. 47-53, 1999.
[3] S. Nakai, S. Yamada, and M. Hosomi, "Anti-cyanobacterial fatty acids
released from Myriophyllum spicatum," Hydrobiologia, vol. 543, pp.
71-78, 2005.
[4] M. Mjelde, and B. A. Faafeng, "Ceratophyllum demersum hampers
phytoplankton development in some small Norwegian lakes over a wide
range of phosphorus concentrations and geographical latitude," Freshwat.
Biol., vol. 37, pp. 355-365, 1997.
[5] F. M. Li, and H. Y. Hu, "Isolation and characterization of a novel antialgal
allelochemical from Phragmites communis," Appl. Environ. Microbiol.,
vol. 71, no. 11, pp. 6545-6553, 2005.
[6] Y. Hong, and H. Y. Hu, "Effects of the aquatic extract of Arundo donax L.
(giant reed) on the growth of freshwater algae," Allelopathy J., vol. 20, no.
2, pp. 315-325, Oct. 2007.
[7] M. D. Greca, P. Monaco, L. Previtera, G. Aliotta, G. Pinto, and A. Pollio,
"Allelochemical activity of phenylpropanes from Acorus gramineus,"
Phytochemistry, vol. 28, no. 9, pp. 2319-2321, 1989.
[8] Y. Hong, H. Y. Hu, A. Sakoda, and M. Sagehashi, "Isolation and
characterization of antialgal allelochemicals from Arundo donax L.,"
Allelopathy J., vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 357-368, Mar. 2010.
[9] Y. Hong, H. Y. Hu, X. Xie, A. Sakoda, M. Sagehashi, and F. M. Li,
"Gramine-induced growth inhibition, oxidative damage and antioxidant
responses in freshwater cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa," Aquat.
Toxicol., vol. 91, no. 3, pp. 262-269, Feb. 2009.
[10] Y. J. Men, H. Y. Hu, and F. M. Li, "Effects of an allelopathic fraction
from Phragmitis communis Trin on the growth characteristics of
Scenedesmus obliquus," Ecol. Environ., vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 925-929, 2006.
(in Chinese)
[11] E. Leu, A. Krieger-Liszkay, C. Goussias, and E. M. Gross, "Polyphenolic
allelochemicals from the aquatic angiosperm Myriophyllum spicatum
inhibit photosystem II," Plant Physiol., vol. 130, no. 4, pp. 2011-2018,
2002.
[12] A. Pollio, G. Pinto, R. Ligrone, and G. Aliotta, "Effects of the potential
allelochemical ╬▒-asarone on growth, physiology and ultrastructure of two
unicellular green algae," J. Appl. Phycol., vol. 5, pp. 395-403, 1993.
[13] E. M. Gross, H. Meyer, and G. Schilling, "Release and ecological impact
of algicidal hydrolysable polyphenols in Myriophyllum spicatum,"
Phytochemistry, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 133-138. 1996.
[14] C. Wu, X. X. Chang, H. J. Dong, D. F. Li, and J. Y. Liu, "Allelopathic
inhibitory effect of Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. On
Microcystis aeruginosa and its physiological mechanism," Acta Ecol.
Sin., vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 2595-2603, Jun. 2008.
[15] Y. Hong, J. J. Huang, and H. Y. Hu, "Effects of a novel allelochemical
ethyl 2-methyl acetoacetate (EMA) on the ultrastructure and pigment
composition of cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa," Bull. Environ.
Contam. Toxicol, vol. 83, no. 4, pp. 502-508, Oct. 2009.
[16] F. M. Li, and H. Y. Hu, "Allelopathic effects of different macrophytes on
the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa," Allelopathy J., vol. 15, pp.
145-151, 2005.
[17] D. I. Arnon, "Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts:
polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris," Plant Physiol., vol. 24, pp. 1-15,
1949.
[18] C. W. Grobe, and T. M. Murphy, "Solar ultraviolet-B radiation effects on
growth and pigment composition of the intertidal alga Ulva expansa
(Setch.) S.&G. (Chlorophyta)," J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., vol. 225, pp.
39-51, 1998.
[19] J. N. Abelson, and M. I. Simon, "Phycobiliproteins in cyanobacteria," in
Method in enzymology, P. Lester, and N. G. Alexander, Eds. London:
Academic Press, 1988, p. 167.
[20] M. P. Padgett, and D. W. Krogmann, "Large scale preparation of pure
phycobiliproteins," Photosynth. Res., vol. 11, pp. 225-235, 1987.
[21] P. Eullaffroy, and G. Vernet, "The F684/F735 chlorophyll fluorescence
ratio: a potential tool for rapid detection and determination of herbicide
phytotoxicity in algae," Water Res., vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 1983-1990, 2003.
[22] G. C. Papageorgiou. "The photosynthesis of cyanobacteria (blue bacteria)
from the perspective of signal analysis of chlorophyll alpha
fluorescence," J. Sci. Ind. Res. India, vol. 55, no. 8-9, pp. 596-617, 1996.
[23] D. A. Bryant, The molecular biology of cyanobacteria. Amsterdam:
Kluwer Academic publishers, 1996, pp. 559-579.
[24] Y. Hong, H. Y. Hu, A. Sakoda, and M. Sagehashi, "Effects of
allelochemical gramine on metabolic activity and ultrastructure of
cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa," 2010 Int. Conf. Environ. Sci.
Eng., submitted for publication.
[25] F. Montechiaro, and M. Giordano, "Effect of prolonged dark incubation
on pigments and photosynthesis of the cave-dwelling cyanobacterium
Phormidium autumnale (Oscillatoriales, Cyanobacteria)," Phycologia,
vol. 45, pp. 704-710, 2006.
[26] L. M. Gerasimenko, M. A. Pusheva, and S. V. Goryunova,
"Developmental cycle of and ultrastructure of Cyanidium caldarium,"
Microbiol., vol. 41, pp. 324-326, 1972.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:60310", author = "Y. Hong and H. Y. Hu and A. Sakoda and M. Sagehashi", title = "Effects of Allelochemical Gramine on Photosynthetic Pigments of Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa", abstract = "Toxic and bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis
aeruginosa was exposed to antialgal allelochemical gramine (0, 0.5, 1,
2, 4, 8 mg·L-1), The effects of gramine on photosynthetic pigments
(lipid soluble: chlorophyll a and β-carotene; water soluble:
phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, phycoerythrin, and total phycobilins)
and absorption spectra were studied in order to identify the most
sensitive pigment probe implicating the crucial suppression site on
photosynthetic apparatus. The results obtained indicated that all
pigment parameters were decreased with gramine concentration
increasing and exposure time extending. The above serious bleaching
of pigments was also reflected on the scanning results of absorption
spectra. Phycoerytherin exhibited the highest sensitivity to gramine
added, following by the largest relative decrease. It was concluded that
gramine seriously influenced algal photosynthetic activity by
destroying photosynthetic pigments and phycoerythrin most sensitive
to gramine might be contributed to its placing the outside of
phycobilins.", keywords = "Absorption spectra, allelochemical, gramine,
Microcystis aeruginosa, photosynthetic pigments.", volume = "4", number = "11", pages = "592-5", }
