Effect of Modified Layered Silicate Nanoclay on the Dynamic Viscoelastic Properties of Thermoplastic Polymers Nanocomposites
This work aims to investigate the structure–property
relationship in ternary nanocomposites consisting of polypropylene
as the matrix, polyamide 66 as the minor phase and treated nanoclay
DELLITE 67G as the reinforcement. All PP/PA66/Nanoclay systems
with polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride PP-g-MAH as a
compatibilizer were prepared via melt compounding and
characterized in terms of nanoclay content. Morphological structure
was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The rheological
behavior of the nanocomposites was determined by various methods,
viz melt flow index (MFI) and parallel plate rheological
measurements. The PP/PP-g-MAH/PA66 nanocomposites showed a homogeneous
morphology supporting the compatibility improvement between PP,
PA66, and nanoclay. SEM results revealed the formation of
nanocomposites as the nanoclay was intercalated and exfoliated. In
the ternary nanocomposites, the rheological behavior showed that, the
complex viscosity is increased with increasing the nanoclay. The results showed that the use of nanoclay affects the variations
of storage modulus (G′), loss modulus (G″) and the melt elasticity.
[1] Pavlidou, S., Papaspyrides, C.D., 2008. A review on polymer-layered
silicate nanocomposites. Progr. Polym. Sci., 33 (12), 1119–1198.
[2] A.K. Barick, D.K. Tripathy, Effect of organically modified layered
silicate nanoclay on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of thermoplastic
polyurethane nanocomposites, Applied Clay Science 52 (2011) 312–
321.
[3] LeBaron, P.C., Wang, Z., Pinnavaia, T.J., 1999. Polymer-layered silicate
nanocomposites:an overview, Appl. Clay Sci. 15 (1–2), 11–29.
[4] R. Krishnamoorti, E. P. Giannelis, Macromolecules 1997, 30, 4097.
[5] K. M. Lee, C. D. Han, Macromolecules 2003, 36, 7165.
[6] R. Wagner, T. J. G. Reisinger, Polymer 2003, 44, 7513.
[7] J. Li, C. Zhou, G. Wang, W. Yu, Y. Tao, Q. Liu, Polym.Compos. 2003,
24, 323.
[8] K. J. Hoffmann, F. C. Stoppelmann, G. M. Kim, Colloid Polym. Sci.
2000, 278, 629.
[9] J. I. Sohn, C. H. Lee, S. T. Lim, T. H. Kim, H. J. Choi, M. S.John, J.
Mater. Sci. 2003, 38, 1849.
[10] W. Feng, A. Ait-Kadi, B. Riedl, Macromol. Rapid Commun.2002, 23,
703.
[11] Benalia Kouini, Aicha Serier, Properties of polypropylene/polyamide
nanocomposites prepared by meltprocessing with a PP-g-MAH
compatibilizer, Materials and Design 34 (2012) 313–318.
[12] Benalia Kouini, Aicha Serier, Said Fellahi, The effect of organoclay and
compatibilizer on the mechanical properties and morphology of
injection-molded polyamiDe 66/polypropylene nanocomposites, Journal
of Nanostructured Polymers and Nanocomposites – JNPN 5 (2009) 101-
106.
[13] Kouini, B., 2006. Synthesis and Characterization of PP-PPgMAH-PA66
Alloys Filled with Nanoclays, Master Thesis, Polymer Engineering
Department IAP/SH.
[14] W. S. Chow, Z. A. MohdIshak, J. Karger-Kocsis, A. A. Apostolov, U. S.
Ishiaku, Polymer 2003, 44, 7427.
[15] Kusmono., MohdIshak, Z. A., Chow, W. S., Takeichi, T.,
Rochmadi.,2008, Express Polymer Letters, 2(9), 655-664.
[16] Malwela, T., S. Sinha Ray., Unique morphology of dispersed clay
particles in a polymer nanocomposite Polymer, 52, 1297-1301 (2011)
[17] Pegoretti, A., Dorigato, A., Penati, A., 2007, Express Polymer Letters,
1, 123-131.
[18] Dong, Y., D. Bhattacharyya, P.J. Hunter, Mapping the real
micro/nanostructures for the prediction of elastic moduli of
polypropylene/clay nanocomposites, Polymer,51, (2010) 816–824.
[19] Drosdov, A.D., E.A. Jensen, J. de C., Christiansen, Viscoelasticity of
polyethylene/montmorillonite nanocomposite melts, Computational
Materials Science, 43, (2008).
[20] Cassagnau, P., Melt rheology of organoclay and fumed silica
nanocomposites, Polymer, 49, 2183-2196 (2008).
[21] Médéric, P., T. Aubry, T. Razafinimaro, Structural and rheological
properties as a function of mixing energy for polymer/layered silicate
nanocomposites, International Polymer Processing, 3, 261-266 (2009).
[22] Dykes, L. M. C., J. M. Torkelson, W. R. Burghardt, R. Krishnamoorti,
Shear-induced orientation in polymer/clay dispersions via in situ X-ray
scattering, Polymer, 51, 4916-4927 (2010).
[1] Pavlidou, S., Papaspyrides, C.D., 2008. A review on polymer-layered
silicate nanocomposites. Progr. Polym. Sci., 33 (12), 1119–1198.
[2] A.K. Barick, D.K. Tripathy, Effect of organically modified layered
silicate nanoclay on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of thermoplastic
polyurethane nanocomposites, Applied Clay Science 52 (2011) 312–
321.
[3] LeBaron, P.C., Wang, Z., Pinnavaia, T.J., 1999. Polymer-layered silicate
nanocomposites:an overview, Appl. Clay Sci. 15 (1–2), 11–29.
[4] R. Krishnamoorti, E. P. Giannelis, Macromolecules 1997, 30, 4097.
[5] K. M. Lee, C. D. Han, Macromolecules 2003, 36, 7165.
[6] R. Wagner, T. J. G. Reisinger, Polymer 2003, 44, 7513.
[7] J. Li, C. Zhou, G. Wang, W. Yu, Y. Tao, Q. Liu, Polym.Compos. 2003,
24, 323.
[8] K. J. Hoffmann, F. C. Stoppelmann, G. M. Kim, Colloid Polym. Sci.
2000, 278, 629.
[9] J. I. Sohn, C. H. Lee, S. T. Lim, T. H. Kim, H. J. Choi, M. S.John, J.
Mater. Sci. 2003, 38, 1849.
[10] W. Feng, A. Ait-Kadi, B. Riedl, Macromol. Rapid Commun.2002, 23,
703.
[11] Benalia Kouini, Aicha Serier, Properties of polypropylene/polyamide
nanocomposites prepared by meltprocessing with a PP-g-MAH
compatibilizer, Materials and Design 34 (2012) 313–318.
[12] Benalia Kouini, Aicha Serier, Said Fellahi, The effect of organoclay and
compatibilizer on the mechanical properties and morphology of
injection-molded polyamiDe 66/polypropylene nanocomposites, Journal
of Nanostructured Polymers and Nanocomposites – JNPN 5 (2009) 101-
106.
[13] Kouini, B., 2006. Synthesis and Characterization of PP-PPgMAH-PA66
Alloys Filled with Nanoclays, Master Thesis, Polymer Engineering
Department IAP/SH.
[14] W. S. Chow, Z. A. MohdIshak, J. Karger-Kocsis, A. A. Apostolov, U. S.
Ishiaku, Polymer 2003, 44, 7427.
[15] Kusmono., MohdIshak, Z. A., Chow, W. S., Takeichi, T.,
Rochmadi.,2008, Express Polymer Letters, 2(9), 655-664.
[16] Malwela, T., S. Sinha Ray., Unique morphology of dispersed clay
particles in a polymer nanocomposite Polymer, 52, 1297-1301 (2011)
[17] Pegoretti, A., Dorigato, A., Penati, A., 2007, Express Polymer Letters,
1, 123-131.
[18] Dong, Y., D. Bhattacharyya, P.J. Hunter, Mapping the real
micro/nanostructures for the prediction of elastic moduli of
polypropylene/clay nanocomposites, Polymer,51, (2010) 816–824.
[19] Drosdov, A.D., E.A. Jensen, J. de C., Christiansen, Viscoelasticity of
polyethylene/montmorillonite nanocomposite melts, Computational
Materials Science, 43, (2008).
[20] Cassagnau, P., Melt rheology of organoclay and fumed silica
nanocomposites, Polymer, 49, 2183-2196 (2008).
[21] Médéric, P., T. Aubry, T. Razafinimaro, Structural and rheological
properties as a function of mixing energy for polymer/layered silicate
nanocomposites, International Polymer Processing, 3, 261-266 (2009).
[22] Dykes, L. M. C., J. M. Torkelson, W. R. Burghardt, R. Krishnamoorti,
Shear-induced orientation in polymer/clay dispersions via in situ X-ray
scattering, Polymer, 51, 4916-4927 (2010).
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:71763", author = "Benalia Kouini and Aicha Serier", title = "Effect of Modified Layered Silicate Nanoclay on the Dynamic Viscoelastic Properties of Thermoplastic Polymers Nanocomposites", abstract = "This work aims to investigate the structure–property
relationship in ternary nanocomposites consisting of polypropylene
as the matrix, polyamide 66 as the minor phase and treated nanoclay
DELLITE 67G as the reinforcement. All PP/PA66/Nanoclay systems
with polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride PP-g-MAH as a
compatibilizer were prepared via melt compounding and
characterized in terms of nanoclay content. Morphological structure
was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The rheological
behavior of the nanocomposites was determined by various methods,
viz melt flow index (MFI) and parallel plate rheological
measurements. The PP/PP-g-MAH/PA66 nanocomposites showed a homogeneous
morphology supporting the compatibility improvement between PP,
PA66, and nanoclay. SEM results revealed the formation of
nanocomposites as the nanoclay was intercalated and exfoliated. In
the ternary nanocomposites, the rheological behavior showed that, the
complex viscosity is increased with increasing the nanoclay. The results showed that the use of nanoclay affects the variations
of storage modulus (G′), loss modulus (G″) and the melt elasticity.", keywords = "Nanocomposites, polypropylene, polyamide66,
modified nanoclay, rheology.", volume = "9", number = "12", pages = "1479-5", }