Drag Analysis of an Aircraft Wing Model withand without Bird Feather like Winglet
This work describes the aerodynamic characteristic for
aircraft wing model with and without bird feather like winglet. The
aerofoil used to construct the whole structure is NACA 653-218
Rectangular wing and this aerofoil has been used to compare the
result with previous research using winglet. The model of the
rectangular wing with bird feather like winglet has been fabricated
using polystyrene before design using CATIA P3 V5R13 software
and finally fabricated in wood. The experimental analysis for the
aerodynamic characteristic for rectangular wing without winglet,
wing with horizontal winglet and wing with 60 degree inclination
winglet for Reynolds number 1.66×105, 2.08×105 and 2.50×105 have
been carried out in open loop low speed wind tunnel at the
Aerodynamics laboratory in Universiti Putra Malaysia. The
experimental result shows 25-30 % reduction in drag coefficient and
10-20 % increase in lift coefficient by using bird feather like winglet
for angle of attack of 8 degree.
[1] B.W. McCormick, Aerodynamics of V/STOL Flight. Academic Press,
London, 1967.
[2] R.T.Whitcomb, A Design Approach and Selected Wind-Tunnel Results
at High Subsonic Speeds for Wing-Tip Mounted Winglets, NASA TN D-
8260, 1976.
[3] R. T. Whitcomb, Methods for Reducing Aerodynamic Drag, NASA
Conference Publication 2211, Proceedings of Dryden Symposium,
Edwards, California, 1981.
[4] J. E.Yates, and C. Donaldson, Fundamental Study of Drag and an
Assessment of Conventional Drag-Due-To-Lift Reduction Devices,
NASA Contract Rep 4004, 1986.
[5] R. T. Jones, Improving the Efficiency of Smaller Transport Aircraft, 14th
Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences,
proceeding, Vol. 1, Toulouse, Fr. 1984.
[6] Chandrasekharan, M. Reuben, Murphy, R. William, Taverna, P. Frank,
and B. W. Charles, Computational Aerodynamic Design of the
Gulftream IV Wing, AIAA-85-0427, 1985..
[7] M. D. Maughmer, S. S. Tmothy, and S. M. Willits, The Design and
Testing of a Winglet Airfoil for Low-Speed Aircraft, AIAA Paper 2001-
2478, 2001.
[8] J. J. Spillman, The use of wing tip sails to reduce vortex drag,
Aeronautical Journal, September, pp. 387-395, 1978.
[9] J. J. Spillman, H. Y. Ratcliffe, and A. McVitie, Flight experiments to
evaluate the effect of wing-tip sails on fuel consumption and handling
characteristics, Aeronautical Journal, July, pp. 279-281, 1979.
[10] J. J. Spillman, and M. J. Fell, The effects of wing tip devices on (a) the
performance of the Bae Jetstream (b) the far-field wake of a Paris
Aircraft, Paper 31A, AGARD CP No. 342, Aerodynamics of Vortical
Type Flows in Three Dimensions, April, pp. 31A-1-11, 1983.
[11] A.T. Vance, Gliding Birds: Reduction of Induced Drag by Wing Tip
Slots between the Primary Feathers, Journal of Experimental Biology,
Vol. 180 (1), pp. 285-310, 1993.
[12] M. J. Smith, N. Komerath, R. Ames, O. Wong, and J. Pearson,
Performance Analysis of a Wing with Multiple Winglets, AIAA Paper-
2001-2407, 2001.
[13] L. U. Roche, and S. Palffy, WING-GRID, a Novel Device for Reduction
of Induced Drag on Wings, Proceedings of ICAS 96, Sorrento,
September, 1996.
[14] A.J. Bocci, Wing W4 fitted with a winglet: winglet design and
preliminary test results, Aircraft Research Association, ARA/M-230,
1981.
[15] I. Kroo, and M. Takai, A Quasi-Procedural Knowledge-Based System
for Aircraft Design, AIAA Paper AIAA-88-6502, 1988.
[16] A. Hossain, P. R. Arora, A. Rahman, A. A. Jaafar, and A. K. M. P. Iqbal,
Analysis of Aerodynamic Characteristics of an Aircraft Model with and
Without Winglet, Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial
Engineering. Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 143-150, 2008.
[17] P.R. Arora, A. Hossain, A. A. Jaafar, P. Edi, T. S. Younis, and M.
Saleem, Drag Reduction in Aircraft Model using Elliptical Winglet,
Journal - The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM), Vol. 66, No. 4,
pp. 1-8, 2005.
[18] P. R. Arora, A. Hossain, P. Edi, A. A. Jaafar, T.S. Younis, and M.
Saleem, Six-Component External Balance: A Calibration Study,
Proceedings of AEROTECH-2005, Putra Jaya, Malaysia.
[19] J. J. Bertin, Aerodynamics for Engineers. New Jersey, Prentice-Hall,
Inc. 2002.
[20] J. D. Anderson, Introduction to Flight, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,
United States of America. pp. 348-350, 2005.
[21] A. Hossain, P. R. Arora, A. Rahman, A. A. Jaafar, A.K.M.P. Iqbal, and
M. Ariffin, Lift Analysis of an Aircraft Model with and without Winglet,
7th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICME 2007,
28-30 December, 2007, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[1] B.W. McCormick, Aerodynamics of V/STOL Flight. Academic Press,
London, 1967.
[2] R.T.Whitcomb, A Design Approach and Selected Wind-Tunnel Results
at High Subsonic Speeds for Wing-Tip Mounted Winglets, NASA TN D-
8260, 1976.
[3] R. T. Whitcomb, Methods for Reducing Aerodynamic Drag, NASA
Conference Publication 2211, Proceedings of Dryden Symposium,
Edwards, California, 1981.
[4] J. E.Yates, and C. Donaldson, Fundamental Study of Drag and an
Assessment of Conventional Drag-Due-To-Lift Reduction Devices,
NASA Contract Rep 4004, 1986.
[5] R. T. Jones, Improving the Efficiency of Smaller Transport Aircraft, 14th
Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences,
proceeding, Vol. 1, Toulouse, Fr. 1984.
[6] Chandrasekharan, M. Reuben, Murphy, R. William, Taverna, P. Frank,
and B. W. Charles, Computational Aerodynamic Design of the
Gulftream IV Wing, AIAA-85-0427, 1985..
[7] M. D. Maughmer, S. S. Tmothy, and S. M. Willits, The Design and
Testing of a Winglet Airfoil for Low-Speed Aircraft, AIAA Paper 2001-
2478, 2001.
[8] J. J. Spillman, The use of wing tip sails to reduce vortex drag,
Aeronautical Journal, September, pp. 387-395, 1978.
[9] J. J. Spillman, H. Y. Ratcliffe, and A. McVitie, Flight experiments to
evaluate the effect of wing-tip sails on fuel consumption and handling
characteristics, Aeronautical Journal, July, pp. 279-281, 1979.
[10] J. J. Spillman, and M. J. Fell, The effects of wing tip devices on (a) the
performance of the Bae Jetstream (b) the far-field wake of a Paris
Aircraft, Paper 31A, AGARD CP No. 342, Aerodynamics of Vortical
Type Flows in Three Dimensions, April, pp. 31A-1-11, 1983.
[11] A.T. Vance, Gliding Birds: Reduction of Induced Drag by Wing Tip
Slots between the Primary Feathers, Journal of Experimental Biology,
Vol. 180 (1), pp. 285-310, 1993.
[12] M. J. Smith, N. Komerath, R. Ames, O. Wong, and J. Pearson,
Performance Analysis of a Wing with Multiple Winglets, AIAA Paper-
2001-2407, 2001.
[13] L. U. Roche, and S. Palffy, WING-GRID, a Novel Device for Reduction
of Induced Drag on Wings, Proceedings of ICAS 96, Sorrento,
September, 1996.
[14] A.J. Bocci, Wing W4 fitted with a winglet: winglet design and
preliminary test results, Aircraft Research Association, ARA/M-230,
1981.
[15] I. Kroo, and M. Takai, A Quasi-Procedural Knowledge-Based System
for Aircraft Design, AIAA Paper AIAA-88-6502, 1988.
[16] A. Hossain, P. R. Arora, A. Rahman, A. A. Jaafar, and A. K. M. P. Iqbal,
Analysis of Aerodynamic Characteristics of an Aircraft Model with and
Without Winglet, Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial
Engineering. Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 143-150, 2008.
[17] P.R. Arora, A. Hossain, A. A. Jaafar, P. Edi, T. S. Younis, and M.
Saleem, Drag Reduction in Aircraft Model using Elliptical Winglet,
Journal - The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM), Vol. 66, No. 4,
pp. 1-8, 2005.
[18] P. R. Arora, A. Hossain, P. Edi, A. A. Jaafar, T.S. Younis, and M.
Saleem, Six-Component External Balance: A Calibration Study,
Proceedings of AEROTECH-2005, Putra Jaya, Malaysia.
[19] J. J. Bertin, Aerodynamics for Engineers. New Jersey, Prentice-Hall,
Inc. 2002.
[20] J. D. Anderson, Introduction to Flight, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,
United States of America. pp. 348-350, 2005.
[21] A. Hossain, P. R. Arora, A. Rahman, A. A. Jaafar, A.K.M.P. Iqbal, and
M. Ariffin, Lift Analysis of an Aircraft Model with and without Winglet,
7th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, ICME 2007,
28-30 December, 2007, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:54683", author = "Altab Hossain and Ataur Rahman and A.K.M. P. Iqbal and M. Ariffin and M. Mazian", title = "Drag Analysis of an Aircraft Wing Model withand without Bird Feather like Winglet", abstract = "This work describes the aerodynamic characteristic for
aircraft wing model with and without bird feather like winglet. The
aerofoil used to construct the whole structure is NACA 653-218
Rectangular wing and this aerofoil has been used to compare the
result with previous research using winglet. The model of the
rectangular wing with bird feather like winglet has been fabricated
using polystyrene before design using CATIA P3 V5R13 software
and finally fabricated in wood. The experimental analysis for the
aerodynamic characteristic for rectangular wing without winglet,
wing with horizontal winglet and wing with 60 degree inclination
winglet for Reynolds number 1.66×105, 2.08×105 and 2.50×105 have
been carried out in open loop low speed wind tunnel at the
Aerodynamics laboratory in Universiti Putra Malaysia. The
experimental result shows 25-30 % reduction in drag coefficient and
10-20 % increase in lift coefficient by using bird feather like winglet
for angle of attack of 8 degree.", keywords = "Aerofoil, Wind tunnel, Winglet, Drag Coefficient.", volume = "5", number = "9", pages = "1770-6", }
