Detailed Mapping of Pyroclastic Flow Deposits by SAR Data Processing for an Active Volcano in the Torrid Zone
Field mapping activity for an active volcano mainly in
the Torrid Zone is usually hampered by several problems such as steep
terrain and bad atmosphere conditions. In this paper we present a
simple solution for such problem by a combination Synthetic Aperture
Radar (SAR) and geostatistical methods. By this combination, we
could reduce the speckle effect from the SAR data and then estimate
roughness distribution of the pyroclastic flow deposits. The main
purpose of this study is to detect spatial distribution of new pyroclastic
flow deposits termed as P-zone accurately using the β°data from two
RADARSAT-1 SAR level-0 data. Single scene of Hyperion data and
field observation were used for cross-validation of the SAR results.
Mt. Merapi in central Java, Indonesia, was chosen as a study site and
the eruptions in May-June 2006 were examined. The P-zones were
found in the western and southern flanks. The area size and the longest
flow distance were calculated as 2.3 km2 and 6.8 km, respectively. The
grain size variation of the P-zone was mapped in detail from fine to
coarse deposits regarding the C-band wavelength of 5.6 cm.
[1] S. A. Carn, "Application of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery to
volcano mapping in the humid tropics: A case study in East Java,
Indonesia", Bulletin of Volcanology, vol. 61, 1999, pp. 92-105.
[2] D. Massonnet, P. Briole, and A. Arnaud, "Deflation of Mt. Etna
monitored by spaceborne radar interferometry", Nature, vol. 375, 1995,
pp567-570.
[3] F. Sigmundsson, P. Durnand, and D. Massonnet, "Opening of an eruptive
fissure and seaward displacement at Piton de la Fournaise volcano
measured by RADARSAT satellite radar interferometry", GRL, vol. 26,
1999, pp. 533-536.
[4] H.A. Zebker, P. Rosen, S. Hensley, and P. Mouginis-Mark, "Analysis of
active lava flows on Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, using SIR-C radar
correlation measurement", Geology, vol. 24, 1996, 495-498.
[5] B. Voight, E. K. Constantine, S. Siswowidjoyo, R. and Torley, "Historical
eruptions of Merapi volcano, Central Java, Indonesia, 1768-1998", J.
Vol. and Geoth. Res., vol. 100, 2000, pp. 69-138.
[6] N. Shepherd, "Extraction of beta nought and sigma nought from
RADARSAT CDPF products", Report AS97-5001 Rev. 2, Canadian
Space Agency, Ottawa, Ont., Canada, 1998.
[7] N. F. Glenn and J. R. Carr, "Establishing a relationship between soil
moisture and RADARSAT-1 SAR data obtained over the Great Basin,
Nevada, U.S.A.", Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 30, No. 2,
2004, pp. 176-181.
[8] R. F. Fudali and W. G. Melson, "Ejecta velocities, magma chamber
pressure and kinetic energy associated with the 1968 eruption of Arenal
volcano", Bulletin of Volcanology, vol. 35, 1971, pp. 383-401.
[9] G. Lube, S. J. Cronin, T. Platz, A. Freundt, J. N. Procter, C. Henderson,
and M. F. Sheridan, "Flow and deposition of pyroclastic granular flows: a
type example from the 1975 Ngauruhoe eruption, New Zealand", Journal
of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol. 161, 2006, pp. 165-186.
[1] S. A. Carn, "Application of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery to
volcano mapping in the humid tropics: A case study in East Java,
Indonesia", Bulletin of Volcanology, vol. 61, 1999, pp. 92-105.
[2] D. Massonnet, P. Briole, and A. Arnaud, "Deflation of Mt. Etna
monitored by spaceborne radar interferometry", Nature, vol. 375, 1995,
pp567-570.
[3] F. Sigmundsson, P. Durnand, and D. Massonnet, "Opening of an eruptive
fissure and seaward displacement at Piton de la Fournaise volcano
measured by RADARSAT satellite radar interferometry", GRL, vol. 26,
1999, pp. 533-536.
[4] H.A. Zebker, P. Rosen, S. Hensley, and P. Mouginis-Mark, "Analysis of
active lava flows on Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, using SIR-C radar
correlation measurement", Geology, vol. 24, 1996, 495-498.
[5] B. Voight, E. K. Constantine, S. Siswowidjoyo, R. and Torley, "Historical
eruptions of Merapi volcano, Central Java, Indonesia, 1768-1998", J.
Vol. and Geoth. Res., vol. 100, 2000, pp. 69-138.
[6] N. Shepherd, "Extraction of beta nought and sigma nought from
RADARSAT CDPF products", Report AS97-5001 Rev. 2, Canadian
Space Agency, Ottawa, Ont., Canada, 1998.
[7] N. F. Glenn and J. R. Carr, "Establishing a relationship between soil
moisture and RADARSAT-1 SAR data obtained over the Great Basin,
Nevada, U.S.A.", Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 30, No. 2,
2004, pp. 176-181.
[8] R. F. Fudali and W. G. Melson, "Ejecta velocities, magma chamber
pressure and kinetic energy associated with the 1968 eruption of Arenal
volcano", Bulletin of Volcanology, vol. 35, 1971, pp. 383-401.
[9] G. Lube, S. J. Cronin, T. Platz, A. Freundt, J. N. Procter, C. Henderson,
and M. F. Sheridan, "Flow and deposition of pyroclastic granular flows: a
type example from the 1975 Ngauruhoe eruption, New Zealand", Journal
of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol. 161, 2006, pp. 165-186.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:54186", author = "Asep Saepuloh and Katsuaki Koike", title = "Detailed Mapping of Pyroclastic Flow Deposits by SAR Data Processing for an Active Volcano in the Torrid Zone", abstract = "Field mapping activity for an active volcano mainly in
the Torrid Zone is usually hampered by several problems such as steep
terrain and bad atmosphere conditions. In this paper we present a
simple solution for such problem by a combination Synthetic Aperture
Radar (SAR) and geostatistical methods. By this combination, we
could reduce the speckle effect from the SAR data and then estimate
roughness distribution of the pyroclastic flow deposits. The main
purpose of this study is to detect spatial distribution of new pyroclastic
flow deposits termed as P-zone accurately using the β°data from two
RADARSAT-1 SAR level-0 data. Single scene of Hyperion data and
field observation were used for cross-validation of the SAR results.
Mt. Merapi in central Java, Indonesia, was chosen as a study site and
the eruptions in May-June 2006 were examined. The P-zones were
found in the western and southern flanks. The area size and the longest
flow distance were calculated as 2.3 km2 and 6.8 km, respectively. The
grain size variation of the P-zone was mapped in detail from fine to
coarse deposits regarding the C-band wavelength of 5.6 cm.", keywords = "Geostatistical Method, Mt. Merapi, Pyroclastic,
RADARSAT-1.", volume = "3", number = "5", pages = "109-5", }