Contact Drying Simulation of Particulate Materials: A Comprehensive Approach
In this work, simulation algorithms for contact drying
of agitated particulate materials under vacuum and at atmospheric
pressure were developed. The implementation of algorithms gives a
predictive estimation of drying rate curves and bulk bed temperature
during contact drying. The calculations are based on the penetration
model to describe the drying process, where all process parameters
such as heat and mass transfer coefficients, effective bed properties,
gas and liquid phase properties are estimated with proper
correlations. Simulation results were compared with experimental
data from the literature. In both cases, simulation results were in good
agreement with experimental data. Few deviations were identified
and the limitations of the predictive capabilities of the models are
discussed. The programs give a good insight of the drying behaviour
of the analysed powders.
[1] I. Kemp, "Progress in dryer selection techniques," Drying Technol., vol.
17, pp. 1667-1680, 1999.
[2] N.V. Menshutina and T. Kudra, "Computer aided drying technologies,"
Drying Technol., vol. 19, pp. 1825-1850, 2001.
[3] E.U. Schl├╝nder and N. Mollekopf, "Vacuum contact drying of free
flowing, mechanically agitated particulate material," Chem. Eng.
Process., vol. 18, pp. 93-111, 1984.
[4] K. Malhotra and M. Okazaki, "Contact drying in mechanically agitated
granular beds: a review of fundamentals," in Advances in Drying, vol. 5,
A.S. Mujumdar, Ed. Washington: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation,
1992, pp. 325.
[5] M. Intelvi, "Contact drying of particulate pharmaceuticals: modelling
and simulation," MSc thesis, Dept. of Chemical Engineering Principles
and Practice "I. Sorgato, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, 2010.
[6] E. Tsotsas and E.U. Schl├╝nder, "Vacuum contact drying of free flowing
mechanically agitated particulate multigranular packing," Chem. Eng.
Process., vol. 20, pp. 339-349, 1986.
[7] E. Tsotsas and E.U. Schl├╝nder, "Vacuum contact drying of mechanically
agitated beds: the influence of hygroscopic behaviour on the drying rate
curve," Chem. Eng. Process., vol. 21, pp. 199-208, 1987.
[8] R. Forbert and E. Heimann, "Vacuum contact drying of mechanically
agitated: coarse, hygroscopic, bulk material," Chem. Eng. Process., vol.
26, pp. 225-235, 1989.
[9] F. Heimann and E.U. Schl├╝nder, "Vacuum contact drying of
mechanically agitated granulate beds wetted with a binary mixture,"
Chem. Eng. Process., vol. 24, pp. 75-91, 1988.
[10] D. Farges, M. Hemati, C. Laguérie, F. Vachet and P. Rousseaux, "A new
approach to contact drying modeling," Drying Technol., vol. 13, pp.
1317-1329, 1995.
[11] A. Dittler, T. Bamberger, D. Gehrmann and E.U. Schl├╝nder,
"Measurement and simulation of the vacuum contact drying of pastes in
a LIST-type kneader drier," Chem. Eng. Process., vol. 36, pp. 301-308,
1997.
[12] E. Tsotsas and E.U. Schl├╝nder, "Contact drying of mechanically agitated
particulate material in the presence of inert gas," Chem. Eng. Process.,
vol. 20, pp. 277-285, 1986.
[13] A. Gevaudan and J. Andrieu, "Contact drying modeling of agitated
porous media beds," Chem. Eng. Process., vol. 30, pp. 31-37, 1991.
[14] P. Arlabosse and T. Chitu, "Identification of the limiting mechanism in
contact drying of agitated sewage sludge," Drying Technol., vol. 25, pp.
557-567, 2007.
[15] R.C. Reid, J.M. Prausnitz and B. Poling, The Properties of Gases and
Liquids, 4th ed. Washington, USA: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1987.
[16] E.U. Schlünder, "Wärmeübergang an bewegte Kugelschüttungen bei
kurzfristigem Kontakt," Chem. Ing. Tech., vol. 43, pp. 651-654, 1971.
[17] P. Zhener, "Experimentelle und theoretische Bestimmung der effektiven
W├ñrmeleitf├ñhigkeit durchströmter Kugelsch├╝ttungen bei m├ñßigen und
hohen Temperaturen," Dr.-Ing. Thesis, Institut f├╝r Thermische
Verfahrenstechnik, Universität Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, 1972.
[18] R. Bauer, "Effektive radiale W├ñrmeleitf├ñhigkeit gasdurchströmter
Sch├╝ttungen mit Partikeln unterschiedlicher Form und
Größenverteilung," Dr.-Ing. Thesis, Institut f├╝r Thermische
Verfahrenstechnik, Universität Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, 1976.
[19] O. Krischer and W. Kast, Die wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen der
Trocknungstechnik. Berlin: Springer-Verlag GmbH, 1978.
[20] R.J. Gummow and I. Sigalas, "The thermal conductivity of talc as a
function of pressure and temperature," Int. J. Thermophysics, vol. 9, pp.
1111-1120, 1988.
[21] A. Michot, D.S. Smith, S. Degot and C. Gault, "Thermal conductivity
and specific heat of kaolinite: Evolution with thermal treatment," J. Eur.
Ceram. Soc., vol. 28, pp. 2639-2644, 2008.
[1] I. Kemp, "Progress in dryer selection techniques," Drying Technol., vol.
17, pp. 1667-1680, 1999.
[2] N.V. Menshutina and T. Kudra, "Computer aided drying technologies,"
Drying Technol., vol. 19, pp. 1825-1850, 2001.
[3] E.U. Schl├╝nder and N. Mollekopf, "Vacuum contact drying of free
flowing, mechanically agitated particulate material," Chem. Eng.
Process., vol. 18, pp. 93-111, 1984.
[4] K. Malhotra and M. Okazaki, "Contact drying in mechanically agitated
granular beds: a review of fundamentals," in Advances in Drying, vol. 5,
A.S. Mujumdar, Ed. Washington: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation,
1992, pp. 325.
[5] M. Intelvi, "Contact drying of particulate pharmaceuticals: modelling
and simulation," MSc thesis, Dept. of Chemical Engineering Principles
and Practice "I. Sorgato, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, 2010.
[6] E. Tsotsas and E.U. Schl├╝nder, "Vacuum contact drying of free flowing
mechanically agitated particulate multigranular packing," Chem. Eng.
Process., vol. 20, pp. 339-349, 1986.
[7] E. Tsotsas and E.U. Schl├╝nder, "Vacuum contact drying of mechanically
agitated beds: the influence of hygroscopic behaviour on the drying rate
curve," Chem. Eng. Process., vol. 21, pp. 199-208, 1987.
[8] R. Forbert and E. Heimann, "Vacuum contact drying of mechanically
agitated: coarse, hygroscopic, bulk material," Chem. Eng. Process., vol.
26, pp. 225-235, 1989.
[9] F. Heimann and E.U. Schl├╝nder, "Vacuum contact drying of
mechanically agitated granulate beds wetted with a binary mixture,"
Chem. Eng. Process., vol. 24, pp. 75-91, 1988.
[10] D. Farges, M. Hemati, C. Laguérie, F. Vachet and P. Rousseaux, "A new
approach to contact drying modeling," Drying Technol., vol. 13, pp.
1317-1329, 1995.
[11] A. Dittler, T. Bamberger, D. Gehrmann and E.U. Schl├╝nder,
"Measurement and simulation of the vacuum contact drying of pastes in
a LIST-type kneader drier," Chem. Eng. Process., vol. 36, pp. 301-308,
1997.
[12] E. Tsotsas and E.U. Schl├╝nder, "Contact drying of mechanically agitated
particulate material in the presence of inert gas," Chem. Eng. Process.,
vol. 20, pp. 277-285, 1986.
[13] A. Gevaudan and J. Andrieu, "Contact drying modeling of agitated
porous media beds," Chem. Eng. Process., vol. 30, pp. 31-37, 1991.
[14] P. Arlabosse and T. Chitu, "Identification of the limiting mechanism in
contact drying of agitated sewage sludge," Drying Technol., vol. 25, pp.
557-567, 2007.
[15] R.C. Reid, J.M. Prausnitz and B. Poling, The Properties of Gases and
Liquids, 4th ed. Washington, USA: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1987.
[16] E.U. Schlünder, "Wärmeübergang an bewegte Kugelschüttungen bei
kurzfristigem Kontakt," Chem. Ing. Tech., vol. 43, pp. 651-654, 1971.
[17] P. Zhener, "Experimentelle und theoretische Bestimmung der effektiven
W├ñrmeleitf├ñhigkeit durchströmter Kugelsch├╝ttungen bei m├ñßigen und
hohen Temperaturen," Dr.-Ing. Thesis, Institut f├╝r Thermische
Verfahrenstechnik, Universität Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, 1972.
[18] R. Bauer, "Effektive radiale W├ñrmeleitf├ñhigkeit gasdurchströmter
Sch├╝ttungen mit Partikeln unterschiedlicher Form und
Größenverteilung," Dr.-Ing. Thesis, Institut f├╝r Thermische
Verfahrenstechnik, Universität Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, 1976.
[19] O. Krischer and W. Kast, Die wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen der
Trocknungstechnik. Berlin: Springer-Verlag GmbH, 1978.
[20] R.J. Gummow and I. Sigalas, "The thermal conductivity of talc as a
function of pressure and temperature," Int. J. Thermophysics, vol. 9, pp.
1111-1120, 1988.
[21] A. Michot, D.S. Smith, S. Degot and C. Gault, "Thermal conductivity
and specific heat of kaolinite: Evolution with thermal treatment," J. Eur.
Ceram. Soc., vol. 28, pp. 2639-2644, 2008.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:57830", author = "Marco Intelvi and Apolinar Picado and Joaquín Martínez", title = "Contact Drying Simulation of Particulate Materials: A Comprehensive Approach", abstract = "In this work, simulation algorithms for contact drying
of agitated particulate materials under vacuum and at atmospheric
pressure were developed. The implementation of algorithms gives a
predictive estimation of drying rate curves and bulk bed temperature
during contact drying. The calculations are based on the penetration
model to describe the drying process, where all process parameters
such as heat and mass transfer coefficients, effective bed properties,
gas and liquid phase properties are estimated with proper
correlations. Simulation results were compared with experimental
data from the literature. In both cases, simulation results were in good
agreement with experimental data. Few deviations were identified
and the limitations of the predictive capabilities of the models are
discussed. The programs give a good insight of the drying behaviour
of the analysed powders.", keywords = "Agitated bed, Atmospheric pressure, Penetrationmodel, Vacuum", volume = "5", number = "11", pages = "1008-8", }
