Comparison of the Garden City Conceptand Green Belt Concept in Major Asian and Oceanic Cities
The purpose of this study is to review representative
cases of green space development in order to compare the Garden City
concept and Green Belt concept as applied and to examine its direction
in major Asian and Oceanic cities. The results of previous studies and
this study show that there are two major directions in such
green-oriented city planning. One direction is toward Multi-Regional
Development, and the other focuses on an Environmentally Symbiotic
City based on the Garden City concept. In large cities and the suburbs
where extremely strong pressure to urbanize makes it impossible to
keep Green Belts, it is essential to strictly control land use and adopt
the Garden City concept to conserve the urban environment.
[1] K. Yamamoto, Evaluation of the Degree of the Sufficiency of Public
Green Spaces as an Index of Density in Metropolitan Areas in Japan. 46th
Annual Meeting of the Western Regional Science Association,
Presentation Paper, P.28, 2007.
[2] K. Yamamoto, Evaluation of Public Green Space Placement Plans as
Indicator of Urban Density of Japan-s Three Major Metropolitan Area.
20th Conference for the Pacific Regional Science Conference
Organization (PRSCO), Presentation Paper, P.25, 2007.
[3] K. Yamamoto, Evaluation of Public Green Space Placement Plans as
Indicator of Urban Density of Japan-s Three Major Metropolitan Areas
Using GIS. Proceedings of Joint International Symposium and Exhibition on Geoinformation 2007 & International Symposium on ISG/GNSS
2007, P.15 (CD-ROM), 2007.
[4] K. Yamamoto, A Study on the Method for the Evaluation of the Locations
of Public Open Spaces from the Viewpoint of Disaster Prevention in
Areas. Environmental Science Vol.13, No.4, pp.1-16, 2000.
[5] K. Yamamoto, Genealogy of City Planning based on Green Spaces. 45th
Annual Meeting of the Western Regional Science Association,
Presentation Paper, P.24, 2006.
[6] K. Yamamoto, Genealogy of Urban Planning for Green Space
Development. Proceedings of Ecocity World Summit 2008, P.10
(CD-ROM), 2008.
[7] K. Yamamoto, City Planning based on Green Space Development in
Major Asian Cities. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on
Sustainability Engineering & Science: Blueprints for Sustainable
Infrastructure, P.12 (CD-ROM), 2008.
[8] H. Ide, Ryokuchi Kankyo Kagaku (Green Spaces and Environmental
Science). Asakurasyoten, Tokyo, 1997.
[9] T. Suto and A. Koshizawa, A Study on the History and Effects of the
Greenbelt System in Korea. Journal of City Planning Institute of Japan,
No. 39-2, pp.95-104, 2004.
[10] K. Sugio, Keikan Toshi no Sousyutsu (Creation of Urban Scenery). Bio
City, Tokyo, 2007.
[11] H. Marutani, Tosiseibisennsinnkoku Singapore -Sekai no Tyumoku wo
Atsumeu zyutaku/syakaishihonseibi- (Singapore as an advanced Country
in Urban Development -The Development of Residences and Social
Infrastructures Which is Paid Attention from All Over the World). Asian
Institute of Economy, Tokyo, 1995.
[12] The City Planning Institute of Japan Kyushu branch office, Ajia no
Toshikeikaku (Azian City Planning), Kyushu University Publication
Society, Fukuoka, 1999.
[13] M. Ikuta and T. Matsuzawa, Ajia no Daitoshi 3 (Asian Major cities 3)
Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, Nihonhyoronnsya, Tokyo, 2000.
[14] M. Ikuta, Malaysia no Toshikaihatu - Rekishiteki Approach- (Urban
Development in Malaysia -Historical Approach-). Kokonsyoten, Tokyo,
2001.
[15] M. Ueta and K. Furusawa, Ajia no Daitoshi 5 (Asian Major cities 5)
Beijing and Shanghai, Nihonhyoronnsya, Tokyo, 2002.
[16] M. Jenks, E. Burton and K. Williams, The Compact City: A Sustainable
Urban Form?. Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, 1996.
[17] G. Roo and D. Miller, Compact Cities and Sustainable Urban
Development: A Critical Assessment of Policies and Plans from an
International Perspective. Ashgate, Aldershot, 2000.
[18] K. C. Parsons and D. Schuyler, From the Garden City to Green Cities: The
Legacy of Ebenezer Howard. The Johns Hopkins University Press,
Baltimore and London, 2002.
[19] M. E. Kahn, Green Cities: Urban Growth and the Environment,
Brookings Institute Press, Washington, D.C., 2006.
[20] M. Ishikawa, Toshi to Ryokuchi (City and Green Spaces).
Iwanamisyoten, Tokyo, 2001.
[1] K. Yamamoto, Evaluation of the Degree of the Sufficiency of Public
Green Spaces as an Index of Density in Metropolitan Areas in Japan. 46th
Annual Meeting of the Western Regional Science Association,
Presentation Paper, P.28, 2007.
[2] K. Yamamoto, Evaluation of Public Green Space Placement Plans as
Indicator of Urban Density of Japan-s Three Major Metropolitan Area.
20th Conference for the Pacific Regional Science Conference
Organization (PRSCO), Presentation Paper, P.25, 2007.
[3] K. Yamamoto, Evaluation of Public Green Space Placement Plans as
Indicator of Urban Density of Japan-s Three Major Metropolitan Areas
Using GIS. Proceedings of Joint International Symposium and Exhibition on Geoinformation 2007 & International Symposium on ISG/GNSS
2007, P.15 (CD-ROM), 2007.
[4] K. Yamamoto, A Study on the Method for the Evaluation of the Locations
of Public Open Spaces from the Viewpoint of Disaster Prevention in
Areas. Environmental Science Vol.13, No.4, pp.1-16, 2000.
[5] K. Yamamoto, Genealogy of City Planning based on Green Spaces. 45th
Annual Meeting of the Western Regional Science Association,
Presentation Paper, P.24, 2006.
[6] K. Yamamoto, Genealogy of Urban Planning for Green Space
Development. Proceedings of Ecocity World Summit 2008, P.10
(CD-ROM), 2008.
[7] K. Yamamoto, City Planning based on Green Space Development in
Major Asian Cities. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on
Sustainability Engineering & Science: Blueprints for Sustainable
Infrastructure, P.12 (CD-ROM), 2008.
[8] H. Ide, Ryokuchi Kankyo Kagaku (Green Spaces and Environmental
Science). Asakurasyoten, Tokyo, 1997.
[9] T. Suto and A. Koshizawa, A Study on the History and Effects of the
Greenbelt System in Korea. Journal of City Planning Institute of Japan,
No. 39-2, pp.95-104, 2004.
[10] K. Sugio, Keikan Toshi no Sousyutsu (Creation of Urban Scenery). Bio
City, Tokyo, 2007.
[11] H. Marutani, Tosiseibisennsinnkoku Singapore -Sekai no Tyumoku wo
Atsumeu zyutaku/syakaishihonseibi- (Singapore as an advanced Country
in Urban Development -The Development of Residences and Social
Infrastructures Which is Paid Attention from All Over the World). Asian
Institute of Economy, Tokyo, 1995.
[12] The City Planning Institute of Japan Kyushu branch office, Ajia no
Toshikeikaku (Azian City Planning), Kyushu University Publication
Society, Fukuoka, 1999.
[13] M. Ikuta and T. Matsuzawa, Ajia no Daitoshi 3 (Asian Major cities 3)
Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, Nihonhyoronnsya, Tokyo, 2000.
[14] M. Ikuta, Malaysia no Toshikaihatu - Rekishiteki Approach- (Urban
Development in Malaysia -Historical Approach-). Kokonsyoten, Tokyo,
2001.
[15] M. Ueta and K. Furusawa, Ajia no Daitoshi 5 (Asian Major cities 5)
Beijing and Shanghai, Nihonhyoronnsya, Tokyo, 2002.
[16] M. Jenks, E. Burton and K. Williams, The Compact City: A Sustainable
Urban Form?. Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, 1996.
[17] G. Roo and D. Miller, Compact Cities and Sustainable Urban
Development: A Critical Assessment of Policies and Plans from an
International Perspective. Ashgate, Aldershot, 2000.
[18] K. C. Parsons and D. Schuyler, From the Garden City to Green Cities: The
Legacy of Ebenezer Howard. The Johns Hopkins University Press,
Baltimore and London, 2002.
[19] M. E. Kahn, Green Cities: Urban Growth and the Environment,
Brookings Institute Press, Washington, D.C., 2006.
[20] M. Ishikawa, Toshi to Ryokuchi (City and Green Spaces).
Iwanamisyoten, Tokyo, 2001.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:50965", author = "Kayoko Yamamoto", title = "Comparison of the Garden City Conceptand Green Belt Concept in Major Asian and Oceanic Cities", abstract = "The purpose of this study is to review representative
cases of green space development in order to compare the Garden City
concept and Green Belt concept as applied and to examine its direction
in major Asian and Oceanic cities. The results of previous studies and
this study show that there are two major directions in such
green-oriented city planning. One direction is toward Multi-Regional
Development, and the other focuses on an Environmentally Symbiotic
City based on the Garden City concept. In large cities and the suburbs
where extremely strong pressure to urbanize makes it impossible to
keep Green Belts, it is essential to strictly control land use and adopt
the Garden City concept to conserve the urban environment.", keywords = "Garden City, Green Belt, Green City, Green SpaceDevelopment, Major Asian and Oceanic Cities", volume = "3", number = "6", pages = "662-10", }
