Clinical Signs of Neonatal Calves in Experimental Colisepticemia
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most isolated bacteria
from blood circulation of septicemic calves. Given the prevalence of
septicemia in animals and its economic importance in veterinary
practice, better understanding of changes in clinical signs following
disease, may contribute to early detection of disorder. The present
study has been carried out to detect changes of clinical signs in
induced sepsis in calves with E. coli. Colisepticemia has been
induced in 10 twenty-day old healthy Holstein- Frisian calves with
intravenous injection of 1.5 X 109 colony forming units (cfu) of
O111:H8 strain of E. coli. Clinical signs including rectal temperature,
heart rate, respiratory rate, shock, appetite, sucking reflex, feces
consistency, general behavior, dehydration and standing ability were
recorded in experimental calves during 24 hours after induction of
colisepticemia. Blood culture was also carried out from calves four
times during experiment. ANOVA with repeated measure is used to
see changes of calves’ clinical signs to experimental colisepticemia,
and values of P≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Mean
values of rectal temperature and heart rate as well as median values
of respiratory rate, appetite, suckling reflex, standing ability and feces
consistency of experimental calves increased significantly during
study (P<0.05). In the present study median value of shock score was
not significantly increased in experimental calves (P> 0.05). The
results of present study showed that total score of clinical signs in
calves with experimental colisepticemia increased significantly,
although score of some clinical signs such as shock did not change
significantly.
[1] B.M. Aldridge, F.B. Garry, R. Adams, “Neonatal septicemia in calves:
25 cases (1985-1990)”, 1993, J Am Vet Med Assoc, 203: 1324-1329.
[2] O.M. Radostits, C.C. Gay, K.W. Hinchcliff, P.D. Constable, P.D. (2007)
Veterinary Medicine: A textbook of the diseases of Cattle, Sheep, Pigs
and Goats and Horses. 10th ed, WB Saunders Company, London, UK,
2007.
[3] K. Eslami, A. Mahmoodpoor, A. Ahmadi, M. Abdollahi, K. Kamali, S.
Mousavi, “Positive effect of Septimeb™ on mortality rate in severe
sepsis: a novel non antibiotic strategy”,2012, DARU J Pharm Sci, 20:40.
[4] M.A. Ballou, C.J. Cobba, L.E. Hulberta, J.A. Carroll, “Effects of
intravenous Escherichia coli dose on the pathophysiological response of
colostrum-fed Jersey calves”, 2011, Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 141:
76-83.
[5] L.E. Hulbert, C.J. Cobb, J.A. Carroll, M.A., Ballou, “Effects of changing
feeding milk replacer from twice to once daily on Holstein calf innate
immune responses before and after weaning”, 2011, J Dairy Sci. 94:
2557-2565.
[6] G. Fecteau, J. Pare, D.C. Van Metre, B.P. Smith, C.A. Holmberg, W.
Guterbrook, S. Jang. “Use of a clinical sepsis score for predicting
bacteremia in neonatal dairy calves on a calf rearing farm”, 1997, Can
Vet J. 38: 101-104.
[7] J. Lofstedt, I.R. Dohoo, G. Duizer, “Model to predict septicemia in
diarrheic calves”, 1999 J Vet Intern Med. 13: 81-88.
[8] E. Thomas, O. Roy, V. Skowronski, E. Zschiesche, G. Martin, A.
Böttner, “Comparative field efficacy study between cefquinome and
gentamicin in neonatal calves with clinical signs of septicaemia”, 2004,
Revue Méd. Vét. 155: 489-493.
[1] B.M. Aldridge, F.B. Garry, R. Adams, “Neonatal septicemia in calves:
25 cases (1985-1990)”, 1993, J Am Vet Med Assoc, 203: 1324-1329.
[2] O.M. Radostits, C.C. Gay, K.W. Hinchcliff, P.D. Constable, P.D. (2007)
Veterinary Medicine: A textbook of the diseases of Cattle, Sheep, Pigs
and Goats and Horses. 10th ed, WB Saunders Company, London, UK,
2007.
[3] K. Eslami, A. Mahmoodpoor, A. Ahmadi, M. Abdollahi, K. Kamali, S.
Mousavi, “Positive effect of Septimeb™ on mortality rate in severe
sepsis: a novel non antibiotic strategy”,2012, DARU J Pharm Sci, 20:40.
[4] M.A. Ballou, C.J. Cobba, L.E. Hulberta, J.A. Carroll, “Effects of
intravenous Escherichia coli dose on the pathophysiological response of
colostrum-fed Jersey calves”, 2011, Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 141:
76-83.
[5] L.E. Hulbert, C.J. Cobb, J.A. Carroll, M.A., Ballou, “Effects of changing
feeding milk replacer from twice to once daily on Holstein calf innate
immune responses before and after weaning”, 2011, J Dairy Sci. 94:
2557-2565.
[6] G. Fecteau, J. Pare, D.C. Van Metre, B.P. Smith, C.A. Holmberg, W.
Guterbrook, S. Jang. “Use of a clinical sepsis score for predicting
bacteremia in neonatal dairy calves on a calf rearing farm”, 1997, Can
Vet J. 38: 101-104.
[7] J. Lofstedt, I.R. Dohoo, G. Duizer, “Model to predict septicemia in
diarrheic calves”, 1999 J Vet Intern Med. 13: 81-88.
[8] E. Thomas, O. Roy, V. Skowronski, E. Zschiesche, G. Martin, A.
Böttner, “Comparative field efficacy study between cefquinome and
gentamicin in neonatal calves with clinical signs of septicaemia”, 2004,
Revue Méd. Vét. 155: 489-493.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:71614", author = "Samad Lotfollahzadeh", title = "Clinical Signs of Neonatal Calves in Experimental Colisepticemia", abstract = "Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most isolated bacteria
from blood circulation of septicemic calves. Given the prevalence of
septicemia in animals and its economic importance in veterinary
practice, better understanding of changes in clinical signs following
disease, may contribute to early detection of disorder. The present
study has been carried out to detect changes of clinical signs in
induced sepsis in calves with E. coli. Colisepticemia has been
induced in 10 twenty-day old healthy Holstein- Frisian calves with
intravenous injection of 1.5 X 109 colony forming units (cfu) of
O111:H8 strain of E. coli. Clinical signs including rectal temperature,
heart rate, respiratory rate, shock, appetite, sucking reflex, feces
consistency, general behavior, dehydration and standing ability were
recorded in experimental calves during 24 hours after induction of
colisepticemia. Blood culture was also carried out from calves four
times during experiment. ANOVA with repeated measure is used to
see changes of calves’ clinical signs to experimental colisepticemia,
and values of P≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Mean
values of rectal temperature and heart rate as well as median values
of respiratory rate, appetite, suckling reflex, standing ability and feces
consistency of experimental calves increased significantly during
study (P 0.05). The
results of present study showed that total score of clinical signs in
calves with experimental colisepticemia increased significantly,
although score of some clinical signs such as shock did not change
significantly.", keywords = "Calves, Clinical signs scoring, E. coli O111:H8,
Experimental colisepticemia,", volume = "9", number = "12", pages = "1261-4", }