Characterization of Brewery Wastewater Composition
Industries produce millions of cubic meters of effluent
every year and the wastewater produced may be released into the
surrounding water bodies, treated on-site or at municipal treatment
plants. The determination of organic matter in the wastewater
generated is very important to avoid any negative effect on the
aquatic ecosystem. The scope of the present work is to assess the
physicochemical composition of the wastewater produced from one
of the brewery industry in South Africa. This is to estimate the
environmental impact of its discharge into the receiving water bodies
or the municipal treatment plant. The parameters monitored for the
quantitative analysis of brewery wastewater include biological
oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total
suspended solids, volatile suspended solids, ammonia, total oxidized
nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, phosphorus and alkalinity content. In
average, the COD concentration of the brewery effluent was 5340.97
mg/l with average pH values of 4.0 to 6.7. The BOD5 and the solids
content of the wastewater from the brewery industry were high. This
means that the effluent is very rich in organic content and its
discharge into the water bodies or the municipal treatment plant could
cause environmental pollution or damage the treatment plant. In
addition, there were variations in the wastewater composition
throughout the monitoring period. This might be as a result of
different activities that take place during the production process, as
well as the effects of peak period of beer production on the water
usage.
[1] South African Breweries plc. (SAB). 2001. Corporate Citizenship
Review.
[2] Simate, G. S., Cluett, J., Iyuke, S. E., Musapatika, E. T., Ndlovu, S.,
Walubita, L. F. and Alvarez, A. E. 2011. The treatment of brewery
wastewater for reuse: State of the art. Desalination, 273 (2-3): 235-247.
[3] Islam, M., Khan, H., Das, A., Akhtar, M., Oki, Y. and Adochi, T. 2006.
Impacts of industrial effluents on plant growth and soil properties. Soil
and Environment, 25 (2): 113-118.
[4] Danazumi, S. and Hassan, M. 2010. Industrial pollution and implication
on source of water supply in Kano, Nigeria. International Journal of
Engineering & Technology, 10 (1): 101-109.
[5] Kanu, I. and Achi, O. 2011. Industrial effluents and their impact on
water quality of receiving rivers in Nigeria. Journal of Applied
Technology in Environmental Sanitation, 1 (1): 75-86.
[6] Kovoor, P. P., Idris, M. R., Hassan, M. H. and Yahya, T. F. T. 2012. A
study conducted on the impact of effluent waste from machining process
on the environment by water analysis. International Journal of Energy
and Environmental Engineering, 3:21.
[7] Phiri, O., Mumba, P., Moyo, B. and Kadewa, W. 2005. Assessment of
the impact of industrial effluents on water quality of receiving rivers in
urban areas of Malawi. International Journal of Environmental Science
and Technology, 2 (3): 237-244.
[8] Baig, S., Mahmood, Q., Nawab, B., Hussain, A. and Nafees, M. 2010.
Assessment of Seasonal Variation in Surface Water Quality of Chitral
River, North West Frontier Province, (NWFP). Pakistan World Applied
Science Journal, 9 (6): 674-680.
[9] Ipeaiyeda, A. R. and Onianwa, P. C. 2012. Impact of brewery effluent
on water quality of the Olosun River in Ibadan, Nigeria. Chemistry and
Ecology, 25 (3): 189-204.
[10] APHA–AWWA–WPCF, Standard methods for the examination of water
and wastewater, 1999. 20th ed. Washington, DC, USA. American Public
Health Association/American Water Works Association/Water
Environment Federation.
[11] Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. and Randall, R. J. 1951.
Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological
Chemistry, 193 (1): 265-275.
[12] Driessen, W. and Vereijken, T. 2003. Recent developments in biological
treatment of brewery effluent. The Institute and Guild of Brewing
Convention, Livingstone, Zambia, March 2-7.
[13] Department of Public Works Republic of South Africa. 2012. Small
domestic wastewater treatment plant guideline. p. 18.
[14] Adeniyi, O. D. 2002. Development of a conceptual mathematical model
to predict effluent discharge. Journal of Brewery Effluent Management.
FUTA, Minna, Nigeria, 1: 2-3. [15] Inyang, U. E., Bassey, E. N. and Inyang, J. D. 2012. Characterization of
Brewery Effluent Fluid. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 4:
67-77.
[16] Ikhu-Omoregbe, D., Kuipa, P. K. and Hove, M. 2005. An assessment of
the quality of liquid effluents from opaquebeer-brewing plants in
Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Water SA, 31 (1): 141-150.
[17] Parawira, W., Kudita, I., Nyandoroh, M. G. and Zvauya, R. 2005. A
study of industrial anaerobic treatment of opaque beer brewery
wastewater in a tropical climate using a full-scale UASB reactor seeded
with activated sludge. Process Biochemistry, 40: 593–599.
[18] Rao, A. G., Reddy, T. S. K., Prakash, S. S., Vanajakshi, J., Joseph, J.
and Sarma, P. N. 2007. pH regulation of alkaline wastewater with
carbon dioxide: A case study of treatment of brewery wastewater in
UASB reactor coupled with absorber. Bioresource Technology, 98 (11):
2131-2136.
[19] Enitan, A. M., Swalaha, F. M., Adeyemo, J. and Bux, F. 2014.
Assessment of Brewery Effluent Composition from A Beer Producing
Industry In KwaZulu–Natal, South Africa. Fresenius Environmental
Bulletin, 23 (3): 693-701.
[20] Kilani, J. S. 1993. A compatibility study of the effects of dairy and
brewery effluents on the treatability of domestic sewage. Water SA, 19
(3): 247-252.
[21] Dupont, R. R., Theodore, L. and Ganesan, K. 2000. Pollution
prevention: the waste management approach for the 21st Century. Lewis
Publishers. 187-250.
[22] Ahn, Y.-H., Min, K.-S and Speece, R. E. 2010. Full scale UASB reactor
performance in the brewery industry. Environmental Technology, 22:
463-476.
[23] Diaz, E. E., Stams, A. J. M., Amils, R. and Sanz, J. L. 2006. Phenotyic
properties and microbial diversity of methanogenic granules from a full
scale upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor treating brewery wastewater.
Appl. Env. Microbiol., 72 (7): 4942-4949.
[24] Rüffer, H., Rosenwinkel, K.-H. E., Industrieabwasserreinigung, T. d.
and München, W. 1991. R. Oldenbourg Verlag.
[1] South African Breweries plc. (SAB). 2001. Corporate Citizenship
Review.
[2] Simate, G. S., Cluett, J., Iyuke, S. E., Musapatika, E. T., Ndlovu, S.,
Walubita, L. F. and Alvarez, A. E. 2011. The treatment of brewery
wastewater for reuse: State of the art. Desalination, 273 (2-3): 235-247.
[3] Islam, M., Khan, H., Das, A., Akhtar, M., Oki, Y. and Adochi, T. 2006.
Impacts of industrial effluents on plant growth and soil properties. Soil
and Environment, 25 (2): 113-118.
[4] Danazumi, S. and Hassan, M. 2010. Industrial pollution and implication
on source of water supply in Kano, Nigeria. International Journal of
Engineering & Technology, 10 (1): 101-109.
[5] Kanu, I. and Achi, O. 2011. Industrial effluents and their impact on
water quality of receiving rivers in Nigeria. Journal of Applied
Technology in Environmental Sanitation, 1 (1): 75-86.
[6] Kovoor, P. P., Idris, M. R., Hassan, M. H. and Yahya, T. F. T. 2012. A
study conducted on the impact of effluent waste from machining process
on the environment by water analysis. International Journal of Energy
and Environmental Engineering, 3:21.
[7] Phiri, O., Mumba, P., Moyo, B. and Kadewa, W. 2005. Assessment of
the impact of industrial effluents on water quality of receiving rivers in
urban areas of Malawi. International Journal of Environmental Science
and Technology, 2 (3): 237-244.
[8] Baig, S., Mahmood, Q., Nawab, B., Hussain, A. and Nafees, M. 2010.
Assessment of Seasonal Variation in Surface Water Quality of Chitral
River, North West Frontier Province, (NWFP). Pakistan World Applied
Science Journal, 9 (6): 674-680.
[9] Ipeaiyeda, A. R. and Onianwa, P. C. 2012. Impact of brewery effluent
on water quality of the Olosun River in Ibadan, Nigeria. Chemistry and
Ecology, 25 (3): 189-204.
[10] APHA–AWWA–WPCF, Standard methods for the examination of water
and wastewater, 1999. 20th ed. Washington, DC, USA. American Public
Health Association/American Water Works Association/Water
Environment Federation.
[11] Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. and Randall, R. J. 1951.
Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological
Chemistry, 193 (1): 265-275.
[12] Driessen, W. and Vereijken, T. 2003. Recent developments in biological
treatment of brewery effluent. The Institute and Guild of Brewing
Convention, Livingstone, Zambia, March 2-7.
[13] Department of Public Works Republic of South Africa. 2012. Small
domestic wastewater treatment plant guideline. p. 18.
[14] Adeniyi, O. D. 2002. Development of a conceptual mathematical model
to predict effluent discharge. Journal of Brewery Effluent Management.
FUTA, Minna, Nigeria, 1: 2-3. [15] Inyang, U. E., Bassey, E. N. and Inyang, J. D. 2012. Characterization of
Brewery Effluent Fluid. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 4:
67-77.
[16] Ikhu-Omoregbe, D., Kuipa, P. K. and Hove, M. 2005. An assessment of
the quality of liquid effluents from opaquebeer-brewing plants in
Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Water SA, 31 (1): 141-150.
[17] Parawira, W., Kudita, I., Nyandoroh, M. G. and Zvauya, R. 2005. A
study of industrial anaerobic treatment of opaque beer brewery
wastewater in a tropical climate using a full-scale UASB reactor seeded
with activated sludge. Process Biochemistry, 40: 593–599.
[18] Rao, A. G., Reddy, T. S. K., Prakash, S. S., Vanajakshi, J., Joseph, J.
and Sarma, P. N. 2007. pH regulation of alkaline wastewater with
carbon dioxide: A case study of treatment of brewery wastewater in
UASB reactor coupled with absorber. Bioresource Technology, 98 (11):
2131-2136.
[19] Enitan, A. M., Swalaha, F. M., Adeyemo, J. and Bux, F. 2014.
Assessment of Brewery Effluent Composition from A Beer Producing
Industry In KwaZulu–Natal, South Africa. Fresenius Environmental
Bulletin, 23 (3): 693-701.
[20] Kilani, J. S. 1993. A compatibility study of the effects of dairy and
brewery effluents on the treatability of domestic sewage. Water SA, 19
(3): 247-252.
[21] Dupont, R. R., Theodore, L. and Ganesan, K. 2000. Pollution
prevention: the waste management approach for the 21st Century. Lewis
Publishers. 187-250.
[22] Ahn, Y.-H., Min, K.-S and Speece, R. E. 2010. Full scale UASB reactor
performance in the brewery industry. Environmental Technology, 22:
463-476.
[23] Diaz, E. E., Stams, A. J. M., Amils, R. and Sanz, J. L. 2006. Phenotyic
properties and microbial diversity of methanogenic granules from a full
scale upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor treating brewery wastewater.
Appl. Env. Microbiol., 72 (7): 4942-4949.
[24] Rüffer, H., Rosenwinkel, K.-H. E., Industrieabwasserreinigung, T. d.
and München, W. 1991. R. Oldenbourg Verlag.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:70712", author = "Abimbola M. Enitan and Josiah Adeyemo and Sheena Kumari and Feroz M. Swalaha and Faizal Bux", title = "Characterization of Brewery Wastewater Composition", abstract = "Industries produce millions of cubic meters of effluent
every year and the wastewater produced may be released into the
surrounding water bodies, treated on-site or at municipal treatment
plants. The determination of organic matter in the wastewater
generated is very important to avoid any negative effect on the
aquatic ecosystem. The scope of the present work is to assess the
physicochemical composition of the wastewater produced from one
of the brewery industry in South Africa. This is to estimate the
environmental impact of its discharge into the receiving water bodies
or the municipal treatment plant. The parameters monitored for the
quantitative analysis of brewery wastewater include biological
oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total
suspended solids, volatile suspended solids, ammonia, total oxidized
nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, phosphorus and alkalinity content. In
average, the COD concentration of the brewery effluent was 5340.97
mg/l with average pH values of 4.0 to 6.7. The BOD5 and the solids
content of the wastewater from the brewery industry were high. This
means that the effluent is very rich in organic content and its
discharge into the water bodies or the municipal treatment plant could
cause environmental pollution or damage the treatment plant. In
addition, there were variations in the wastewater composition
throughout the monitoring period. This might be as a result of
different activities that take place during the production process, as
well as the effects of peak period of beer production on the water
usage.", keywords = "Brewery wastewater, environmental pollution,
industrial effluents, physicochemical composition.", volume = "9", number = "9", pages = "1065-4", }
