Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Topical Anthocyanins by Complexation and Niosomal Encapsulation
Anthocyanins are natural pigments with effective UV
protection but their topical use could be limited due to their
physicochemical characteristics. An attempt to overcome such
limitations by complexation of 2 major anthocyanin-rich sources, C.
ternatea and Z. mays, has potentiated its use as topical antiinflammatory.
Cell studies indicate no cytotoxicity of the
anthocyanin complex (AC) up to 1 mg/ml tested in HaCaT and
human fore head fibroblasts by MTT. Croton oil-induced ear edema
in Wistar rats suggests an effective dose of 5 mg/cm2 of AC as a
topical anti-inflammatory in comparison to 0.5 mg/cm2 of
fluocinolone acetonide. Niosomal encapsulation of the AC
significantly prolonged the anti-inflammatory activity particularly at
8 h after topical application (p = 0.0001). The AC was not cytotoxic
and its anti-inflammatory and activity was dose-dependent and
prolonged by niosomal encapsulation. It has also shown to promote
collagen type 1 production in cell culture. Thus, AC could be a
potential candidate for topical anti-inflammatory agent from natural
resources.
[1] E. Pojer, F. Mattivi, D. Johnson, C. S. Stockley, “The Case for
Anthocyanin Consumption to Promote Human Health: A Review”
Compr. Rev. Food Sci. F. vol. 12, pp. 483, 2013.
[2] M. Shiono, N. Matsugaki, K. Takeda, “Phytochemistry: structure of the
blue cornflower pigment” Nature vol. 436, pp. 791, 2005.
[3] Y. Zhu et al., “Anti-inflammatory effect of purified dietary anthocyanin
in adults with hypercholesterolemia: A randomized controlled trial”
Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. vol. 23, pp. 843, 2013.
[4] J. Y. Choi et al., “Analysis and tentative structure elucidation of new
anthocyanins in fruit peel of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (meoru) using LCMS/
MS: Contribution to the overall antioxidant activity” J. Sep. Sci. vol.
33, pp. 1192, 2010.
[5] C. Ubeda et al., “Employment of different processes for the production
of strawberry vinegars: Effects on antioxidant activity, total phenols and
monomeric anthocyanins” LWT - Food Sci. Technol. vol. 52, pp. 139,
2013.
[6] S. C. Thomasset, University of Leicester (2008).
[7] L. C. Vasconcelos, M. C. Sampaio, F. C. Sampaio, J. S. Higino, “Use of
Punica granatum as an antifungal agent against candidosis associated
with denture stomatitis” Mycoses vol. 46, pp. 192, 2003.
[8] A. Cisowska, D. Wojnicz, A. Hendrich, “Anthocyanins as antimicrobial
agents of natural plant origin.” Nat. Prod. Commun. vol. 6, pp. 149,
2011.
[9] R. J. Mankovitz. (United States, 2004).
[10] C. H. Brenes, D. D. Pozo-Insfran, S. T. Talcott, “Stability of
copigmented anthocyanins and ascorbic acid in a grape juice model
system” J. Agri.Food Chem. vol. 53, pp. 49, 2005.
[11] C. Zhang, Y. Ma, X. Zhao, J. Mu, “Influence of copigmentation on
stability of anthocyanins from purple potato peel in both liquid state and
solid state” J. Agri.Food Chem. vol. 57, pp. 9503, 2009.
[12] I. F. Uchegbu, S. Vyas, “Non-ionic surfactant based vesicles (niosomes)
in drug delivery” Int. J. Pharm. vol. 172, pp. 33, 1998.
[13] B. Khampaenjiraroch, A. Priprem, K. Lertrat, T. Damrongrungruang,
“Rapid HPLC of cyanidin and delphinidin of an anthocyanin complex
exposed to human gingival epithelial cells” Appl. Mech. Mater. vol. 563,
pp. 403, 2014.
[14] H. Ikeda et al., “EM703, the new derivative of erythromycin, inhibits
transcription of type I collagen in normal and scleroderma fibroblasts.”
J. Dermatol. Sci. vol. 49, pp. 195, 2008.
[15] W. Muincharern, P. Louwakul, P. Pavasant, V. Lertchirakarn, “Effect of
fluocinolone acetonide on human dental pulp cells: cytotoxicity,
proliferation, and extracellular matrix formation” J. Endod. vol. 37, pp.
181, 2011.
[16] S. Singhabutta, 200 types of Thai herbal activities by Sountaree
Singhabutta. (Koon, Bangkok, 1993).
[17] M. B. M. Huveneers-Oorsprong, L. A. P. Hoogenboom, H. A. Kuiper,
“The use of MTT test for determining the cytotoxicity of veterinary
drugs in pig hepatocytes. ” Toxicol. in Vitro vol. 11, pp. 385, 1997.
[18] J. Tiedtke, O. Marks, J. Morel, “Stimulation of collagen Production in
Human Fibroblasts” Cosmet. Sci. Technol.vol., pp. 15, 2007.
[19] N. Garbacki et al., “Inhibition of croton oil-induced oedema in mice ear
skin by capsular polysaccharides from cyanobacteria” Naunyn
Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. vol. 361, pp. 460, 2000.
[20] C. Charlier, C. Michaux, “Dual inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)
and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) as a new strategy to provide safer nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs” Eur. J. Med. Chem. vol. 38, pp. 645,
2003.
[21] W. G. Li, X. Y. Zhang, Y. J. Wu, X. T. X, “Anti-inflammatory effect
and mechanism of action of proanthocyanidins from grape seeds.” Acta
Pharmacol. Sin. vol. 22, pp. 1117, 2001.
[1] E. Pojer, F. Mattivi, D. Johnson, C. S. Stockley, “The Case for
Anthocyanin Consumption to Promote Human Health: A Review”
Compr. Rev. Food Sci. F. vol. 12, pp. 483, 2013.
[2] M. Shiono, N. Matsugaki, K. Takeda, “Phytochemistry: structure of the
blue cornflower pigment” Nature vol. 436, pp. 791, 2005.
[3] Y. Zhu et al., “Anti-inflammatory effect of purified dietary anthocyanin
in adults with hypercholesterolemia: A randomized controlled trial”
Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. vol. 23, pp. 843, 2013.
[4] J. Y. Choi et al., “Analysis and tentative structure elucidation of new
anthocyanins in fruit peel of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (meoru) using LCMS/
MS: Contribution to the overall antioxidant activity” J. Sep. Sci. vol.
33, pp. 1192, 2010.
[5] C. Ubeda et al., “Employment of different processes for the production
of strawberry vinegars: Effects on antioxidant activity, total phenols and
monomeric anthocyanins” LWT - Food Sci. Technol. vol. 52, pp. 139,
2013.
[6] S. C. Thomasset, University of Leicester (2008).
[7] L. C. Vasconcelos, M. C. Sampaio, F. C. Sampaio, J. S. Higino, “Use of
Punica granatum as an antifungal agent against candidosis associated
with denture stomatitis” Mycoses vol. 46, pp. 192, 2003.
[8] A. Cisowska, D. Wojnicz, A. Hendrich, “Anthocyanins as antimicrobial
agents of natural plant origin.” Nat. Prod. Commun. vol. 6, pp. 149,
2011.
[9] R. J. Mankovitz. (United States, 2004).
[10] C. H. Brenes, D. D. Pozo-Insfran, S. T. Talcott, “Stability of
copigmented anthocyanins and ascorbic acid in a grape juice model
system” J. Agri.Food Chem. vol. 53, pp. 49, 2005.
[11] C. Zhang, Y. Ma, X. Zhao, J. Mu, “Influence of copigmentation on
stability of anthocyanins from purple potato peel in both liquid state and
solid state” J. Agri.Food Chem. vol. 57, pp. 9503, 2009.
[12] I. F. Uchegbu, S. Vyas, “Non-ionic surfactant based vesicles (niosomes)
in drug delivery” Int. J. Pharm. vol. 172, pp. 33, 1998.
[13] B. Khampaenjiraroch, A. Priprem, K. Lertrat, T. Damrongrungruang,
“Rapid HPLC of cyanidin and delphinidin of an anthocyanin complex
exposed to human gingival epithelial cells” Appl. Mech. Mater. vol. 563,
pp. 403, 2014.
[14] H. Ikeda et al., “EM703, the new derivative of erythromycin, inhibits
transcription of type I collagen in normal and scleroderma fibroblasts.”
J. Dermatol. Sci. vol. 49, pp. 195, 2008.
[15] W. Muincharern, P. Louwakul, P. Pavasant, V. Lertchirakarn, “Effect of
fluocinolone acetonide on human dental pulp cells: cytotoxicity,
proliferation, and extracellular matrix formation” J. Endod. vol. 37, pp.
181, 2011.
[16] S. Singhabutta, 200 types of Thai herbal activities by Sountaree
Singhabutta. (Koon, Bangkok, 1993).
[17] M. B. M. Huveneers-Oorsprong, L. A. P. Hoogenboom, H. A. Kuiper,
“The use of MTT test for determining the cytotoxicity of veterinary
drugs in pig hepatocytes. ” Toxicol. in Vitro vol. 11, pp. 385, 1997.
[18] J. Tiedtke, O. Marks, J. Morel, “Stimulation of collagen Production in
Human Fibroblasts” Cosmet. Sci. Technol.vol., pp. 15, 2007.
[19] N. Garbacki et al., “Inhibition of croton oil-induced oedema in mice ear
skin by capsular polysaccharides from cyanobacteria” Naunyn
Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. vol. 361, pp. 460, 2000.
[20] C. Charlier, C. Michaux, “Dual inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)
and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) as a new strategy to provide safer nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs” Eur. J. Med. Chem. vol. 38, pp. 645,
2003.
[21] W. G. Li, X. Y. Zhang, Y. J. Wu, X. T. X, “Anti-inflammatory effect
and mechanism of action of proanthocyanidins from grape seeds.” Acta
Pharmacol. Sin. vol. 22, pp. 1117, 2001.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:68955", author = "Aroonsri Priprem and Sucharat Limsitthichaikoon and Suttasinee Thappasarapong", title = "Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Topical Anthocyanins by Complexation and Niosomal Encapsulation", abstract = "Anthocyanins are natural pigments with effective UV
protection but their topical use could be limited due to their
physicochemical characteristics. An attempt to overcome such
limitations by complexation of 2 major anthocyanin-rich sources, C.
ternatea and Z. mays, has potentiated its use as topical antiinflammatory.
Cell studies indicate no cytotoxicity of the
anthocyanin complex (AC) up to 1 mg/ml tested in HaCaT and
human fore head fibroblasts by MTT. Croton oil-induced ear edema
in Wistar rats suggests an effective dose of 5 mg/cm2 of AC as a
topical anti-inflammatory in comparison to 0.5 mg/cm2 of
fluocinolone acetonide. Niosomal encapsulation of the AC
significantly prolonged the anti-inflammatory activity particularly at
8 h after topical application (p = 0.0001). The AC was not cytotoxic
and its anti-inflammatory and activity was dose-dependent and
prolonged by niosomal encapsulation. It has also shown to promote
collagen type 1 production in cell culture. Thus, AC could be a
potential candidate for topical anti-inflammatory agent from natural
resources.
", keywords = "Anthocyanin complex, ear edema, inflammation,
niosomes, skin.", volume = "9", number = "2", pages = "142-5", }
