A Technical Perspective on Roadway Safety in Eastern Province: Data Evaluation and Spatial Analysis
Saudi Arabia in recent years has seen drastic increase
in traffic related crashes. With population of over 29 million, Saudi
Arabia is considered as a fast growing and emerging economy. The
rapid population increase and economic growth has resulted in rapid
expansion of transportation infrastructure, which has led to increase
in road crashes. Saudi Ministry of Interior reported more than 7,000
people killed and 68,000 injured in 2011 ranking Saudi Arabia to be
one of the worst worldwide in traffic safety. The traffic safety issues
in the country also result in distress to road users and cause and
economic loss exceeding 3.7 billion Euros annually. Keeping this in
view, the researchers in Saudi Arabia are investigating ways to
improve traffic safety conditions in the country. This paper presents a
multilevel approach to collect traffic safety related data required to do
traffic safety studies in the region. Two highway corridors including
King Fahd Highway 39 kilometre and Gulf Cooperation Council
Highway 42 kilometre long connecting the cities of Dammam and
Khobar were selected as a study area. Traffic data collected included
traffic counts, crash data, travel time data, and speed data. The
collected data was analysed using geographic information system to
evaluate any correlation. Further research is needed to investigate the
effectiveness of traffic safety related data when collected in a
concerted effort.
[1] Cirillo, J. A., S. K. Dietz, and R. L. Beatty. 1969. Analysis and
Modelling of Relationships between Accidents and the Geometric and
Traffic Characteristics of the Interstate System. U. S. Department of
Transportation W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style).
Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.
[2] Dart, O. K., and L. Mann, Jr. 1970. Relationship of Rural Highway
Geometry to Accident Rates in Louisiana. Highway Research Record
312, HRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp. 1–16.B.
Smith, "An approach to graphs of linear forms (Unpublished work
style),” unpublished.
[3] Hanna, J. T., T. E. Flynn, and L. T. Webb. 1976. Characteristics of
Intersection Accidents in Rural Municipalities. Transportation Research
Record 601, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp.
79–82.
[4] Federal Highway Administration. 1982. Synthesis of Safety Research
Related to Traffic Control and Roadway Elements. Report FHWATS-
82-232. U. S. Department of Transportation.
[5] Cleveland, D. E., L. P. Kostyniuk, and K. L. Ting. 1985. Design and
Safety on Moderate-Volume Two-Lane Roads. Transportation Research
Record 1026, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp.
51–61.
[6] Matthews, L. R., and J. W. Barnes. 1988. Relation between Road
Environment and Curve Accidents. Proceedings of 14th ARRB
Conference, Canberra, Australia
[7] Van der Horst, R., and H. Godthelp. 1989. Measuring Road User
Behavior with an Instrumented Car and an Outside-the-Vehicle Video
Observation Technique. Transportation Research Record 1213, TRB,
National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp. 72–81.
[8] Hall, J. W., and O. J. Pendleton. 1989. Relationships between V/C
Ratios and Accident Rates. Report FHWA-HR-NM-88-02. U.S.
Department of Transportation
[9] Garber, N. J., and R. Gadiraju. 1990. Factors Influencing Speed
Variance and Its Influence on Accidents. Transportation Research
Record 1213, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp.
64–71.
[10] Jones, B. L., L. Janssen, and F. Mannering. 1991. Analysis of the
Frequency and Duration of Freeway Accidents in Seattle. Accident
Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 23, pp. 239–255.
[11] Shankar, V., F. Mannering, and W. Barfield. 1995. Effects of Roadway
Geometrics and Environmental Factors on Rural Freeway Accident
Frequencies. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 27, pp. 371–389.
[12] Khattak, A. J., P. Kantor, and F. M. Council. 1998. The Role of Adverse
Weather in Key Crash Types on Limited Access Roadways: Implications
for Advanced Weather Systems. Presented at 77th Annual Meeting of the
Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
[13] Vogel, K. 2003. A Comparison of Headway and Time-to- Collision as
Safety Indicators. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 35, No. 3, pp.
427–433.
[14] Caird, J., C. Scialfa, G. Ho., and A. Smiley. 2004. Effects of Cellular
Phones on Driving Behavior and Crash Risk: Results of Meta-analysis.
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada: AMA/CAA.
[15] Charlton, J., S. Koppel, M. O’Hare, D. Andrea, G. Smith, B. Khodoa, J.
Langford, M. Odell, and B. Fildes. 2004. Influence of Chronic Illnesin
Crash Involvement of Motor Vehicle Drivers. Report 213. Monash
University Accident Research Center, Victoria, Australia.
[16] Eby, D. W., and L. P. Kostyniuk. 2004b. Distracted-Driving Scenarios:
An Analysis of 2001 Crashworthiness Data System (CDS) Data. SAVEIT,
University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann
Arbor, Mich.
[17] Hoerrey, W. J., and C. D. Wickens. 2004. The Impact of Cellular Phone
Conversations on Driving: A Meta-Analytical Approach. Technical
Report AHFD-04-02/GM-04-1. Human Factors Division, University of
Illinois.
[18] Dingus, T. A., S. G. Klauer, V. L. Neale, A. Peterson, S. E. Lee, J.
Sudweeks, M. A. Perez, J. Hankey, D. Ramsey, S. Gupta, C. Bucher, Z.
R. Doerzaph, J. Jarmeland, and R. R. Knipling. 2006. The 100-Car
Naturalistic Driving Study, Phase II—Results of the 100-Car Field
Experiment. Report DOT-HS-810-593. National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.
[19] Milton, J., and Mannering, F., 1998. The Relationship Among Highway
Geometrics, Traffic-Related Elements and Motor-Vehicle Accident
Frequencies. Transportation Journal, Vol. 25-1998, pp. 395-413
[20] Taylor, M.C., Baruya, A., and Kennedy J.V. 2002. Relationship between
Speed and Accidents on Rural Single-Carriageway Roads. TRL Report.
Crowthorne: Transport and Road Research Lab.
[1] Cirillo, J. A., S. K. Dietz, and R. L. Beatty. 1969. Analysis and
Modelling of Relationships between Accidents and the Geometric and
Traffic Characteristics of the Interstate System. U. S. Department of
Transportation W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style).
Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.
[2] Dart, O. K., and L. Mann, Jr. 1970. Relationship of Rural Highway
Geometry to Accident Rates in Louisiana. Highway Research Record
312, HRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp. 1–16.B.
Smith, "An approach to graphs of linear forms (Unpublished work
style),” unpublished.
[3] Hanna, J. T., T. E. Flynn, and L. T. Webb. 1976. Characteristics of
Intersection Accidents in Rural Municipalities. Transportation Research
Record 601, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp.
79–82.
[4] Federal Highway Administration. 1982. Synthesis of Safety Research
Related to Traffic Control and Roadway Elements. Report FHWATS-
82-232. U. S. Department of Transportation.
[5] Cleveland, D. E., L. P. Kostyniuk, and K. L. Ting. 1985. Design and
Safety on Moderate-Volume Two-Lane Roads. Transportation Research
Record 1026, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp.
51–61.
[6] Matthews, L. R., and J. W. Barnes. 1988. Relation between Road
Environment and Curve Accidents. Proceedings of 14th ARRB
Conference, Canberra, Australia
[7] Van der Horst, R., and H. Godthelp. 1989. Measuring Road User
Behavior with an Instrumented Car and an Outside-the-Vehicle Video
Observation Technique. Transportation Research Record 1213, TRB,
National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp. 72–81.
[8] Hall, J. W., and O. J. Pendleton. 1989. Relationships between V/C
Ratios and Accident Rates. Report FHWA-HR-NM-88-02. U.S.
Department of Transportation
[9] Garber, N. J., and R. Gadiraju. 1990. Factors Influencing Speed
Variance and Its Influence on Accidents. Transportation Research
Record 1213, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp.
64–71.
[10] Jones, B. L., L. Janssen, and F. Mannering. 1991. Analysis of the
Frequency and Duration of Freeway Accidents in Seattle. Accident
Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 23, pp. 239–255.
[11] Shankar, V., F. Mannering, and W. Barfield. 1995. Effects of Roadway
Geometrics and Environmental Factors on Rural Freeway Accident
Frequencies. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 27, pp. 371–389.
[12] Khattak, A. J., P. Kantor, and F. M. Council. 1998. The Role of Adverse
Weather in Key Crash Types on Limited Access Roadways: Implications
for Advanced Weather Systems. Presented at 77th Annual Meeting of the
Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
[13] Vogel, K. 2003. A Comparison of Headway and Time-to- Collision as
Safety Indicators. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 35, No. 3, pp.
427–433.
[14] Caird, J., C. Scialfa, G. Ho., and A. Smiley. 2004. Effects of Cellular
Phones on Driving Behavior and Crash Risk: Results of Meta-analysis.
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada: AMA/CAA.
[15] Charlton, J., S. Koppel, M. O’Hare, D. Andrea, G. Smith, B. Khodoa, J.
Langford, M. Odell, and B. Fildes. 2004. Influence of Chronic Illnesin
Crash Involvement of Motor Vehicle Drivers. Report 213. Monash
University Accident Research Center, Victoria, Australia.
[16] Eby, D. W., and L. P. Kostyniuk. 2004b. Distracted-Driving Scenarios:
An Analysis of 2001 Crashworthiness Data System (CDS) Data. SAVEIT,
University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann
Arbor, Mich.
[17] Hoerrey, W. J., and C. D. Wickens. 2004. The Impact of Cellular Phone
Conversations on Driving: A Meta-Analytical Approach. Technical
Report AHFD-04-02/GM-04-1. Human Factors Division, University of
Illinois.
[18] Dingus, T. A., S. G. Klauer, V. L. Neale, A. Peterson, S. E. Lee, J.
Sudweeks, M. A. Perez, J. Hankey, D. Ramsey, S. Gupta, C. Bucher, Z.
R. Doerzaph, J. Jarmeland, and R. R. Knipling. 2006. The 100-Car
Naturalistic Driving Study, Phase II—Results of the 100-Car Field
Experiment. Report DOT-HS-810-593. National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.
[19] Milton, J., and Mannering, F., 1998. The Relationship Among Highway
Geometrics, Traffic-Related Elements and Motor-Vehicle Accident
Frequencies. Transportation Journal, Vol. 25-1998, pp. 395-413
[20] Taylor, M.C., Baruya, A., and Kennedy J.V. 2002. Relationship between
Speed and Accidents on Rural Single-Carriageway Roads. TRL Report.
Crowthorne: Transport and Road Research Lab.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:56310", author = "Muhammad Farhan and Sayed Faruque and Amr Mohammed and Sami Osman and Omar Al-Jabari and Abdul Almojil", title = "A Technical Perspective on Roadway Safety in Eastern Province: Data Evaluation and Spatial Analysis", abstract = "Saudi Arabia in recent years has seen drastic increase
in traffic related crashes. With population of over 29 million, Saudi
Arabia is considered as a fast growing and emerging economy. The
rapid population increase and economic growth has resulted in rapid
expansion of transportation infrastructure, which has led to increase
in road crashes. Saudi Ministry of Interior reported more than 7,000
people killed and 68,000 injured in 2011 ranking Saudi Arabia to be
one of the worst worldwide in traffic safety. The traffic safety issues
in the country also result in distress to road users and cause and
economic loss exceeding 3.7 billion Euros annually. Keeping this in
view, the researchers in Saudi Arabia are investigating ways to
improve traffic safety conditions in the country. This paper presents a
multilevel approach to collect traffic safety related data required to do
traffic safety studies in the region. Two highway corridors including
King Fahd Highway 39 kilometre and Gulf Cooperation Council
Highway 42 kilometre long connecting the cities of Dammam and
Khobar were selected as a study area. Traffic data collected included
traffic counts, crash data, travel time data, and speed data. The
collected data was analysed using geographic information system to
evaluate any correlation. Further research is needed to investigate the
effectiveness of traffic safety related data when collected in a
concerted effort.
", keywords = "Crash Data, Data Collection, Traffic Safety.", volume = "8", number = "9", pages = "2887-7", }
