Investigating the Nail Walls Performance in Jointed Rock Medium
Evaluation of the excavation-induced ground
movements is an important design aspect of support systems in urban
areas. Geological and geotechnical conditions of an excavation area
have significant effects on excavation-induced ground movements and
the related damage. This paper is aimed at studying the performance of
excavation walls supported by nails in jointed rock medium. The
performance of nailed walls is investigated based on evaluating the
excavation-induced ground movements. For this purpose, a set of
calibrated 2D finite element models are developed by taking into
account the nail-rock-structure interactions, the anisotropic properties
of jointed rock, and the staged construction process. The results of this
paper highlight effects of different parameters such as joint
inclinations, anisotropy of rocks and nail inclinations on deformation
parameters of excavation wall supported by nails.
[1] Lazarte, C. A., Victor Elias, P. E., Espinoza, R. D., Sabatini, P. J., “Soil
Nail Walls” Report FHWA0-IF-03-017, Washington, D.C. 20590,
(2003).
[2] Gilbert, R., Nelson, P., Young, C., Moses, B., and Al-Jalil, Y., “Rock nail
design guidelines for roadway cuts in central Texas”, Report
FHWA/TxDOT-96/1407-1F, Texas Department of Transportation
Research and Technology, 358p, (1995).
[3] Ghahreman, B. “Analysis of ground and building response around deep
excavation in sand”, Ph. D. Thesis, Department of civil engineering,
university of Illinois, (2004).
[4] Peck, R. B., “Deep excavation and tunneling in soft ground”, Proceedings
of the seventh international conference on soil mechanics and foundation
engineering, Mexico City, state of the art, 225-290, (1969).
[5] Terzaghi, K., Peck, R. B., and Mesri, G., “Soil mechanics in engineering
practice, 3rd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, (1996).
[6] Muller, C. G., Long, J. H., Weatherby, D. E., Cording, E. J., Powers, W.
F., Briaund, J. L., “Summary report of research on permanent ground
anchor walls”, Vol. 3, (1998).
[7] Finno, R.J. and Roboski, J.F. “Three-dimensional response of a tied-back
excavation throughclay”.J. Geotech. and Geoen. Engineering, Vol. 131,
No. 3, pp. 273-282, (2005).
[8] Kung, G.T.C., Juang, C.H., Hsiao, E.C.L., and Hashash, Y.M.A., “A
simplified model for wall deflection and ground surface settlement caused
by braced excavation in clays.” J. Geotech. and Geoen. Eng., ASCE, Vol.
133, No. 6, pp. 731-747, (2007).
[9] Calvello, M., and Finno, R. J., “Selecting parameters to optimize in model
calibration by inverse analysis.” Computers and Geotechnics, 31(5),
411-425, (2004).
[10] Finno, R. J. and Calvello, M., “Supported excavations: observational
method and inverse modeling.” Journal of Geotechnical
Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 131(7), 826-836, (2005).
[11] Kung, G.T.C., Hsiao, E.C.L. and Juang, C.H., “Evaluation of a simplified
small strain soil model for estimation of excavation-induced movements.”
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 726-736, (2007).
[12] Laefer, D. F., “Prediction and assessment of ground movement and
building damage induced by adjacent excavation, Ph. D. Thesis,
Department of civil and environmental engineering, university of Illinois,
(2001).
[13] Sawwaf, M. E., Nazir, A. K., “The effect of deep excavation-induced
lateral soil movements on the behavior of strip footing supported on”, J.
Advanced Research, (2011).
[14] Son, M., Cording, E. J., “Estimation of Building Damage Due to
Excavation-Induced Ground Movements”, J. Geotech. Geoen. Eng., Vol.
131, No. 2, PP. 162-177, (2005).
[15] Bryson, L. S., Kotheimer, M. J. “Cracking in Walls of a Building
Adjacent to a Deep Excavation”, J. performance of construction facilities,
Vol. 25, No. 6, PP. 491-503, (2011).
[16] Halim, D., Wong, K. S., “Prediction of Frame Structure Damage due to
Deep Excavation”, J. Geotech. and Geoen. Eng., (2014).
[17] Son, M., Cording, E. J., “Evaluation of Building Stiffness for Building
Response Analysis to Excavation-Induced Ground Movements”, J.
Geotechnical Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 133, No. 8, PP.
995-1002, (2007).
[18] Son, M., Cording, E. J., “Responses of Buildings with Different
Structural Types to Excavation-Induced Ground Settlements”, J.
Geotechnical Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 137, No. 4, PP.
323-333, (2011).
[19] Gonzales de Vallejo. L., Ferrer. M., “Geological Engineering”, published
by: CRC press/Balkema, Taylor &Francis Group, London, ISBN:
978-0-415-41352-7, 678p, (2011).
[20] Douglas, T. H., and Arthur, L. J., “A guide to use of rock reinforcement in
underground excavation,” Report 101, Construction industry research and
information assoc. (CIRIA), London, 73p, (1983).
[21] Juang, C., Schuster, M., Yu Ou, C., Phoon, K., “Fully Probabilistic
Framework for Evaluating Excavation-Induced Damage Potential of
Adjacent Buildings”, J. Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental
Engineering, Vol. 137, No. 2, PP. 130-139, (2011).
[1] Lazarte, C. A., Victor Elias, P. E., Espinoza, R. D., Sabatini, P. J., “Soil
Nail Walls” Report FHWA0-IF-03-017, Washington, D.C. 20590,
(2003).
[2] Gilbert, R., Nelson, P., Young, C., Moses, B., and Al-Jalil, Y., “Rock nail
design guidelines for roadway cuts in central Texas”, Report
FHWA/TxDOT-96/1407-1F, Texas Department of Transportation
Research and Technology, 358p, (1995).
[3] Ghahreman, B. “Analysis of ground and building response around deep
excavation in sand”, Ph. D. Thesis, Department of civil engineering,
university of Illinois, (2004).
[4] Peck, R. B., “Deep excavation and tunneling in soft ground”, Proceedings
of the seventh international conference on soil mechanics and foundation
engineering, Mexico City, state of the art, 225-290, (1969).
[5] Terzaghi, K., Peck, R. B., and Mesri, G., “Soil mechanics in engineering
practice, 3rd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, (1996).
[6] Muller, C. G., Long, J. H., Weatherby, D. E., Cording, E. J., Powers, W.
F., Briaund, J. L., “Summary report of research on permanent ground
anchor walls”, Vol. 3, (1998).
[7] Finno, R.J. and Roboski, J.F. “Three-dimensional response of a tied-back
excavation throughclay”.J. Geotech. and Geoen. Engineering, Vol. 131,
No. 3, pp. 273-282, (2005).
[8] Kung, G.T.C., Juang, C.H., Hsiao, E.C.L., and Hashash, Y.M.A., “A
simplified model for wall deflection and ground surface settlement caused
by braced excavation in clays.” J. Geotech. and Geoen. Eng., ASCE, Vol.
133, No. 6, pp. 731-747, (2007).
[9] Calvello, M., and Finno, R. J., “Selecting parameters to optimize in model
calibration by inverse analysis.” Computers and Geotechnics, 31(5),
411-425, (2004).
[10] Finno, R. J. and Calvello, M., “Supported excavations: observational
method and inverse modeling.” Journal of Geotechnical
Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 131(7), 826-836, (2005).
[11] Kung, G.T.C., Hsiao, E.C.L. and Juang, C.H., “Evaluation of a simplified
small strain soil model for estimation of excavation-induced movements.”
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 726-736, (2007).
[12] Laefer, D. F., “Prediction and assessment of ground movement and
building damage induced by adjacent excavation, Ph. D. Thesis,
Department of civil and environmental engineering, university of Illinois,
(2001).
[13] Sawwaf, M. E., Nazir, A. K., “The effect of deep excavation-induced
lateral soil movements on the behavior of strip footing supported on”, J.
Advanced Research, (2011).
[14] Son, M., Cording, E. J., “Estimation of Building Damage Due to
Excavation-Induced Ground Movements”, J. Geotech. Geoen. Eng., Vol.
131, No. 2, PP. 162-177, (2005).
[15] Bryson, L. S., Kotheimer, M. J. “Cracking in Walls of a Building
Adjacent to a Deep Excavation”, J. performance of construction facilities,
Vol. 25, No. 6, PP. 491-503, (2011).
[16] Halim, D., Wong, K. S., “Prediction of Frame Structure Damage due to
Deep Excavation”, J. Geotech. and Geoen. Eng., (2014).
[17] Son, M., Cording, E. J., “Evaluation of Building Stiffness for Building
Response Analysis to Excavation-Induced Ground Movements”, J.
Geotechnical Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 133, No. 8, PP.
995-1002, (2007).
[18] Son, M., Cording, E. J., “Responses of Buildings with Different
Structural Types to Excavation-Induced Ground Settlements”, J.
Geotechnical Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 137, No. 4, PP.
323-333, (2011).
[19] Gonzales de Vallejo. L., Ferrer. M., “Geological Engineering”, published
by: CRC press/Balkema, Taylor &Francis Group, London, ISBN:
978-0-415-41352-7, 678p, (2011).
[20] Douglas, T. H., and Arthur, L. J., “A guide to use of rock reinforcement in
underground excavation,” Report 101, Construction industry research and
information assoc. (CIRIA), London, 73p, (1983).
[21] Juang, C., Schuster, M., Yu Ou, C., Phoon, K., “Fully Probabilistic
Framework for Evaluating Excavation-Induced Damage Potential of
Adjacent Buildings”, J. Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental
Engineering, Vol. 137, No. 2, PP. 130-139, (2011).
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:71117", author = "Ibrahim Naeimifar and Omid Naeemifar", title = "Investigating the Nail Walls Performance in Jointed Rock Medium", abstract = "Evaluation of the excavation-induced ground
movements is an important design aspect of support systems in urban
areas. Geological and geotechnical conditions of an excavation area
have significant effects on excavation-induced ground movements and
the related damage. This paper is aimed at studying the performance of
excavation walls supported by nails in jointed rock medium. The
performance of nailed walls is investigated based on evaluating the
excavation-induced ground movements. For this purpose, a set of
calibrated 2D finite element models are developed by taking into
account the nail-rock-structure interactions, the anisotropic properties
of jointed rock, and the staged construction process. The results of this
paper highlight effects of different parameters such as joint
inclinations, anisotropy of rocks and nail inclinations on deformation
parameters of excavation wall supported by nails.", keywords = "Finite element, jointed rock, nailing, performance.", volume = "9", number = "10", pages = "1245-5", }
