Comparative Study of Sub-Critical and Supercritical ORC Applications for Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery
Waste heat recovery by means of Organic Rankine
Cycle is a promising technology for the recovery of engine
exhaust heat. However, it is complex to find out the optimum
cycle conditions with appropriate working fluids to match exhaust
gas waste heat due to its high temperature. Hence, this paper
focuses on comparing sub-critical and supercritical ORC conditions
with eight working fluids on a combined diesel engine-ORC
system. The model employs two ORC designs, Regenerative-ORC
and Pre-Heating-Regenerative-ORC respectively. The thermodynamic
calculations rely on the first and second law of thermodynamics,
thermal efficiency and exergy destruction factors are the fundamental
parameters evaluated. Additionally, in this study, environmental
and safety, GWP (Global Warming Potential) and ODP (Ozone
Depletion Potential), characteristic of the refrigerants are taken
into consideration as evaluation criteria to define the optimal ORC
configuration and conditions. Consequently, the studys outcomes
reveal that supercritical ORCs with alkane and siloxane are more
suitable for high temperature exhaust waste heat recovery in contrast
to sub-critical conditions.
[1] S. N. Hossain and S. Bari, “Waste heat recovery from the exhaust
of a diesel generator using rankine cycle,” Energy Conversion and
Management, vol. 75, pp. 141–151, 2013.
[2] H. Chen, D. Y. Goswami, and E. K. Stefanakos, “A review of
thermodynamic cycles and working fluids for the conversion of low-grade
heat,” Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, vol. 14, no. 9, pp.
3059–3067, 2010.
[3] D. A. Arias, T. A. Shedd, and R. K. Jester, “Theoretical analysis of waste
heat recovery from an internal combustion engine in a hybrid vehicle,”
SAE Technical Paper, Tech. Rep., 2006.
[4] A. Uusitalo, J. Honkatukia, T. Turunen-Saaresti, and J. Larjola, “A
thermodynamic analysis of waste heat recovery from reciprocating engine
power plants by means of organic rankine cycles,” Applied Thermal
Engineering, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 33–41, 2014.
[5] K. Kulkarni and A. Sood, “Performance analysis of organic rankine cycle
(orc) for recovering waste heat from a heavy duty diesel engine,” SAE
Technical Paper, Tech. Rep., 2015.
[6] C. Sprouse and C. Depcik, “Review of organic rankine cycles for
internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat recovery,” Applied thermal
engineering, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 711–722, 2013.
[7] R. Law, A. Harvey, and D. Reay, “Opportunities for low-grade
heat recovery in the uk food processing industry,” Applied thermal
engineering, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 188–196, 2013.
[8] I. Vaja and A. Gambarotta, “Internal combustion engine (ice) bottoming
with organic rankine cycles (orcs),” Energy, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 1084–1093,
2010.
[9] B. Peris, J. Navarro-Esbr´ı, and F. Mol´es, “Bottoming organic rankine
cycle configurations to increase internal combustion engines power output
from cooling water waste heat recovery,” Applied Thermal Engineering,
vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 364–371, 2013.
[10] A. Schuster, S. Karellas, and R. Aumann, “Efficiency optimization
potential in supercritical organic rankine cycles,” Energy, vol. 35, no. 2,
pp. 1033–1039, 2010. [11] S. Glover, R. Douglas, L. Glover, G. McCullough, and S. McKenna,
“Automotive waste heat recovery: Working fluid selection and related
boundary conditions,” International Journal of Automotive Technology,
vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 399–409, 2015.
[12] R. Freymann, W. Strobl, and A. Obieglo, “The turbosteamer: a system
introducing the principle of cogeneration in automotive applications,”
MTZ worldwide, vol. 69, no. 5, pp. 20–27, 2008.
[13] A. F. Agudelo, R. Garc´ıa-Contreras, J. R. Agudelo, and O. Armas,
“Potential for exhaust gas energy recovery in a diesel passenger car under
european driving cycle,” Applied Energy, vol. 174, pp. 201–212, 2016.
[14] I. Statistics, “Co2 emissions from fuel combustion-highlights,” IEA,
Paris http://www. iea. org/co2highlights/co2highlights. pdf. Cited July,
2011.
[15] C. Kalra, G. Becquin, J. Jackson, A. L. Laursen, H. Chen, K. Myers,
A. Hardy, H. Klockow, and J. Zia, “High-potential working fluids
and cycle concepts for next-generation binary organic rankine cycle
for enhanced geothermal systems,” in 37th Workshop on Geothermal
Reservoir Engineering, Stanford, CA, Jan, 2012.
[16] S. Glover, R. Douglas, M. De Rosa, X. Zhang, and L. Glover,
“Simulation of a multiple heat source supercritical orc (organic rankine
cycle) for vehicle waste heat recovery,” Energy, vol. 93, pp. 1568–1580,
2015.
[17] H. Teng, G. Regner, and C. Cowland, “Achieving high engine efficiency
for heavy-duty diesel engines by waste heat recovery using supercritical
organic-fluid rankine cycle,” SAE Technical Paper, Tech. Rep., 2006.
[18] H. Teng, G. Regner, and C. Cowland,, “Waste heat recovery of
heavy-duty diesel engines by organic rankine cycle part i: hybrid energy
system of diesel and rankine engines,” SAE Technical Paper, Tech. Rep.,
2007.
[19] “Siemens steam turbine sst-060,” http://www.energy.siemens.com/ru/en/
fossil-power-generation/steam-turbines/sst-060.htm, accessed:
2002-2017.
[20] E. Wang, H. Zhang, B. Fan, M. Ouyang, Y. Zhao, and Q. Mu, “Study
of working fluid selection of organic rankine cycle (orc) for engine waste
heat recovery,” Energy, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 3406–3418, 2011.
[21] J. Hærvig, K. Sørensen, and T. J. Condra, “Guidelines for optimal
selection of working fluid for an organic rankine cycle in relation to
waste heat recovery,” Energy, vol. 96, pp. 592–602, 2016.
[22] H. Tian, L. Chang, Y. Gao, G. Shu, M. Zhao, and N. Yan,
“Thermo-economic analysis of zeotropic mixtures based on siloxanes
for engine waste heat recovery using a dual-loop organic rankine cycle
(dorc),” Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 136, pp. 11–26, 2017.
[23] T. Falano, H. K. Jeswani, and A. Azapagic, “Assessing the environmental
sustainability of ethanol from integrated biorefineries,” Biotechnology
journal, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 753–765, 2014.
[1] S. N. Hossain and S. Bari, “Waste heat recovery from the exhaust
of a diesel generator using rankine cycle,” Energy Conversion and
Management, vol. 75, pp. 141–151, 2013.
[2] H. Chen, D. Y. Goswami, and E. K. Stefanakos, “A review of
thermodynamic cycles and working fluids for the conversion of low-grade
heat,” Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, vol. 14, no. 9, pp.
3059–3067, 2010.
[3] D. A. Arias, T. A. Shedd, and R. K. Jester, “Theoretical analysis of waste
heat recovery from an internal combustion engine in a hybrid vehicle,”
SAE Technical Paper, Tech. Rep., 2006.
[4] A. Uusitalo, J. Honkatukia, T. Turunen-Saaresti, and J. Larjola, “A
thermodynamic analysis of waste heat recovery from reciprocating engine
power plants by means of organic rankine cycles,” Applied Thermal
Engineering, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 33–41, 2014.
[5] K. Kulkarni and A. Sood, “Performance analysis of organic rankine cycle
(orc) for recovering waste heat from a heavy duty diesel engine,” SAE
Technical Paper, Tech. Rep., 2015.
[6] C. Sprouse and C. Depcik, “Review of organic rankine cycles for
internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat recovery,” Applied thermal
engineering, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 711–722, 2013.
[7] R. Law, A. Harvey, and D. Reay, “Opportunities for low-grade
heat recovery in the uk food processing industry,” Applied thermal
engineering, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 188–196, 2013.
[8] I. Vaja and A. Gambarotta, “Internal combustion engine (ice) bottoming
with organic rankine cycles (orcs),” Energy, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 1084–1093,
2010.
[9] B. Peris, J. Navarro-Esbr´ı, and F. Mol´es, “Bottoming organic rankine
cycle configurations to increase internal combustion engines power output
from cooling water waste heat recovery,” Applied Thermal Engineering,
vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 364–371, 2013.
[10] A. Schuster, S. Karellas, and R. Aumann, “Efficiency optimization
potential in supercritical organic rankine cycles,” Energy, vol. 35, no. 2,
pp. 1033–1039, 2010. [11] S. Glover, R. Douglas, L. Glover, G. McCullough, and S. McKenna,
“Automotive waste heat recovery: Working fluid selection and related
boundary conditions,” International Journal of Automotive Technology,
vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 399–409, 2015.
[12] R. Freymann, W. Strobl, and A. Obieglo, “The turbosteamer: a system
introducing the principle of cogeneration in automotive applications,”
MTZ worldwide, vol. 69, no. 5, pp. 20–27, 2008.
[13] A. F. Agudelo, R. Garc´ıa-Contreras, J. R. Agudelo, and O. Armas,
“Potential for exhaust gas energy recovery in a diesel passenger car under
european driving cycle,” Applied Energy, vol. 174, pp. 201–212, 2016.
[14] I. Statistics, “Co2 emissions from fuel combustion-highlights,” IEA,
Paris http://www. iea. org/co2highlights/co2highlights. pdf. Cited July,
2011.
[15] C. Kalra, G. Becquin, J. Jackson, A. L. Laursen, H. Chen, K. Myers,
A. Hardy, H. Klockow, and J. Zia, “High-potential working fluids
and cycle concepts for next-generation binary organic rankine cycle
for enhanced geothermal systems,” in 37th Workshop on Geothermal
Reservoir Engineering, Stanford, CA, Jan, 2012.
[16] S. Glover, R. Douglas, M. De Rosa, X. Zhang, and L. Glover,
“Simulation of a multiple heat source supercritical orc (organic rankine
cycle) for vehicle waste heat recovery,” Energy, vol. 93, pp. 1568–1580,
2015.
[17] H. Teng, G. Regner, and C. Cowland, “Achieving high engine efficiency
for heavy-duty diesel engines by waste heat recovery using supercritical
organic-fluid rankine cycle,” SAE Technical Paper, Tech. Rep., 2006.
[18] H. Teng, G. Regner, and C. Cowland,, “Waste heat recovery of
heavy-duty diesel engines by organic rankine cycle part i: hybrid energy
system of diesel and rankine engines,” SAE Technical Paper, Tech. Rep.,
2007.
[19] “Siemens steam turbine sst-060,” http://www.energy.siemens.com/ru/en/
fossil-power-generation/steam-turbines/sst-060.htm, accessed:
2002-2017.
[20] E. Wang, H. Zhang, B. Fan, M. Ouyang, Y. Zhao, and Q. Mu, “Study
of working fluid selection of organic rankine cycle (orc) for engine waste
heat recovery,” Energy, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 3406–3418, 2011.
[21] J. Hærvig, K. Sørensen, and T. J. Condra, “Guidelines for optimal
selection of working fluid for an organic rankine cycle in relation to
waste heat recovery,” Energy, vol. 96, pp. 592–602, 2016.
[22] H. Tian, L. Chang, Y. Gao, G. Shu, M. Zhao, and N. Yan,
“Thermo-economic analysis of zeotropic mixtures based on siloxanes
for engine waste heat recovery using a dual-loop organic rankine cycle
(dorc),” Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 136, pp. 11–26, 2017.
[23] T. Falano, H. K. Jeswani, and A. Azapagic, “Assessing the environmental
sustainability of ethanol from integrated biorefineries,” Biotechnology
journal, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 753–765, 2014.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:76975", author = "Buket Boz and Alvaro Diez", title = "Comparative Study of Sub-Critical and Supercritical ORC Applications for Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery", abstract = "Waste heat recovery by means of Organic Rankine
Cycle is a promising technology for the recovery of engine
exhaust heat. However, it is complex to find out the optimum
cycle conditions with appropriate working fluids to match exhaust
gas waste heat due to its high temperature. Hence, this paper
focuses on comparing sub-critical and supercritical ORC conditions
with eight working fluids on a combined diesel engine-ORC
system. The model employs two ORC designs, Regenerative-ORC
and Pre-Heating-Regenerative-ORC respectively. The thermodynamic
calculations rely on the first and second law of thermodynamics,
thermal efficiency and exergy destruction factors are the fundamental
parameters evaluated. Additionally, in this study, environmental
and safety, GWP (Global Warming Potential) and ODP (Ozone
Depletion Potential), characteristic of the refrigerants are taken
into consideration as evaluation criteria to define the optimal ORC
configuration and conditions. Consequently, the studys outcomes
reveal that supercritical ORCs with alkane and siloxane are more
suitable for high temperature exhaust waste heat recovery in contrast
to sub-critical conditions.", keywords = "Internal combustion engine, organic rankine cycle,
waste heat recovery, working fluids.", volume = "12", number = "2", pages = "119-9", }
