Catalytic Activity of Aluminum Impregnated Catalysts for the Degradation of Waste Polystyrene
The aluminum impregnated catalysts of Al-alumina (Al-Al2O3), Al-montmorillonite (Al-Mmn) and Al-activated charcoal (Al-AC) of various percent loadings were prepared by wet impregnation method and characterized by SEM, XRD and N2 adsorption/desorption (BET). The catalytic properties were investigated in the degradation of waste polystyrene (WPS). The results of catalytic degradation of Al metal, 20% Al-Al2O3, 5% Al-Mmn and 20% Al-AC were compared with each other for optimum conditions. Among the catalyst used 20% Al-Al2O3 was found the most effective catalyst. The BET surface area of 20% Al-Al2O3 determined was 70.2 m2/g. The SEM data revealed the catalyst with porous structure throughout the frame work with small nanosized crystallites. The yield of liquid products with 20% Al-Al2O3 (91.53 ± 2.27 wt%) was the same as compared to Al metal (91.20 ± 0.35 wt%) but the selectivity of hydrocarbons and yield of styrene monomer (56.32 wt%) was higher with 20% Al-Al2O3 catalyst.
[1] Z. Hussain, Khan, K.M., Hussain, K., "Microwave-metal interaction pyrolysis of polystyrene", Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 89, pp. 39-43, 2010.
[2] G.E. Ashby, "Oxyluminescence from polypropylene", Journal of Polymer Science, vol. 50, pp. 99-106, 1961.
[3] H.-Y. Shin, Bae, S.-Y., "Thermal decomposition of polystyrene in supercritical methanol", Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 108, pp. 3467-3472, 2008.
[4] M.R. Islam, Parveen, M., Haniu, H., Islam, M.R., "Innovation in Pyrolysis Technology for Management of Scrap Tire: a Solution of Energy and Environment", International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, vol. 1, pp. 89-96, 2010.
[5] S.E. Levine, Broadbelt, L.J., "Reaction pathways to dimer in polystyrene pyrolysis: A mechanistic modeling study", Polymer Degradation and Stability, vol. 93, pp. 941-951, 2008.
[6] Z. Hussain, Khan, K.M., Basheer, N., Hussain, K., "Co-liquefaction of Makarwal coal and waste polystyrene by microwave–metal interaction pyrolysis in copper coil reactor", Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 90, pp. 53-55, 2011.
[7] P. Tiwary, Guria, C., "Effect of Metal Oxide Catalysts on Degradation of Waste Polystyrene in Hydrogen at Elevated Temperature and Pressure in Benzene Solution", Journal of Polymers and the Environment, vol. 18, pp. 298-307, 2010
[8] K.-H. Lee, Shin, D.-H., "Characteristics of liquid product from the pyrolysis of waste plastic mixture at low and high temperatures: Influence of lapse time of reaction", Waste Management, vol. 27, pp. 168-176, 2007.
[9] C. Xie, Liu, F., Yu, S., Xie, F., Li, L., Zhang, S., Yang, J., "Study on catalytic pyrolysis of polystyrene over base modified silicon mesoporous molecular sieve", Catalysis Communications, vol. 9, pp. 1132-1136, 2008.
[10] T. Faravelli, Pinciroli, M., Pisano, F., Bozzano, G., Dente, M., Ranzi, E., "Thermal degradation of polystyrene", Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 60, pp. 103-121, 2001.
[11] S. Ide, Ogawa, T., Kuroki, T., Ikemura, T., "Controlled degradation of polystyrene", Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 29, pp. 2561-2571, 1984.
[12] J.-W. Tae, Jang, B.-S., Kim, J.-R., Kim, I., Park, D.-W., "Catalytic degradation of polystyrene using acid-treated halloysite clays", Solid State Ionics, vol. 172, pp. 129-133, 2004.
[13] J.-S. Kim, Lee, W.-Y., Lee, S.-B., Kim, S.-B., Choi, M.-J., "Degradation of polystyrene waste over base promoted Fe catalysts", Catalysis Today, vol. 87, pp. 59-68, 2003.
[14] V.R. Chumhale, J.S. Kim, W.Y. Lee, S.H. Song, S.B. Lee, M.J. Choi., "Catalytic degradation of expanded polystyrene waste (EPSW) over HY and modified HY zeolites", Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 11, pp. 253-260, 2005.
[15] V.R. Chumhale, J.S. Kim, S.B. Lee, M.J. Choi., "Catalytic degradation of expanded polystyrene waste (EPSW) over mordenite and modified mordenite", Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry, vol. 222, pp. 133-141, 2004.
[1] Z. Hussain, Khan, K.M., Hussain, K., "Microwave-metal interaction pyrolysis of polystyrene", Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 89, pp. 39-43, 2010.
[2] G.E. Ashby, "Oxyluminescence from polypropylene", Journal of Polymer Science, vol. 50, pp. 99-106, 1961.
[3] H.-Y. Shin, Bae, S.-Y., "Thermal decomposition of polystyrene in supercritical methanol", Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 108, pp. 3467-3472, 2008.
[4] M.R. Islam, Parveen, M., Haniu, H., Islam, M.R., "Innovation in Pyrolysis Technology for Management of Scrap Tire: a Solution of Energy and Environment", International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, vol. 1, pp. 89-96, 2010.
[5] S.E. Levine, Broadbelt, L.J., "Reaction pathways to dimer in polystyrene pyrolysis: A mechanistic modeling study", Polymer Degradation and Stability, vol. 93, pp. 941-951, 2008.
[6] Z. Hussain, Khan, K.M., Basheer, N., Hussain, K., "Co-liquefaction of Makarwal coal and waste polystyrene by microwave–metal interaction pyrolysis in copper coil reactor", Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 90, pp. 53-55, 2011.
[7] P. Tiwary, Guria, C., "Effect of Metal Oxide Catalysts on Degradation of Waste Polystyrene in Hydrogen at Elevated Temperature and Pressure in Benzene Solution", Journal of Polymers and the Environment, vol. 18, pp. 298-307, 2010
[8] K.-H. Lee, Shin, D.-H., "Characteristics of liquid product from the pyrolysis of waste plastic mixture at low and high temperatures: Influence of lapse time of reaction", Waste Management, vol. 27, pp. 168-176, 2007.
[9] C. Xie, Liu, F., Yu, S., Xie, F., Li, L., Zhang, S., Yang, J., "Study on catalytic pyrolysis of polystyrene over base modified silicon mesoporous molecular sieve", Catalysis Communications, vol. 9, pp. 1132-1136, 2008.
[10] T. Faravelli, Pinciroli, M., Pisano, F., Bozzano, G., Dente, M., Ranzi, E., "Thermal degradation of polystyrene", Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 60, pp. 103-121, 2001.
[11] S. Ide, Ogawa, T., Kuroki, T., Ikemura, T., "Controlled degradation of polystyrene", Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 29, pp. 2561-2571, 1984.
[12] J.-W. Tae, Jang, B.-S., Kim, J.-R., Kim, I., Park, D.-W., "Catalytic degradation of polystyrene using acid-treated halloysite clays", Solid State Ionics, vol. 172, pp. 129-133, 2004.
[13] J.-S. Kim, Lee, W.-Y., Lee, S.-B., Kim, S.-B., Choi, M.-J., "Degradation of polystyrene waste over base promoted Fe catalysts", Catalysis Today, vol. 87, pp. 59-68, 2003.
[14] V.R. Chumhale, J.S. Kim, W.Y. Lee, S.H. Song, S.B. Lee, M.J. Choi., "Catalytic degradation of expanded polystyrene waste (EPSW) over HY and modified HY zeolites", Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 11, pp. 253-260, 2005.
[15] V.R. Chumhale, J.S. Kim, S.B. Lee, M.J. Choi., "Catalytic degradation of expanded polystyrene waste (EPSW) over mordenite and modified mordenite", Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemistry, vol. 222, pp. 133-141, 2004.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:67619", author = "J. Shah and M. Rasul Jan and Adnan", title = "Catalytic Activity of Aluminum Impregnated Catalysts for the Degradation of Waste Polystyrene", abstract = "The aluminum impregnated catalysts of Al-alumina (Al-Al2O3), Al-montmorillonite (Al-Mmn) and Al-activated charcoal (Al-AC) of various percent loadings were prepared by wet impregnation method and characterized by SEM, XRD and N2 adsorption/desorption (BET). The catalytic properties were investigated in the degradation of waste polystyrene (WPS). The results of catalytic degradation of Al metal, 20% Al-Al2O3, 5% Al-Mmn and 20% Al-AC were compared with each other for optimum conditions. Among the catalyst used 20% Al-Al2O3 was found the most effective catalyst. The BET surface area of 20% Al-Al2O3 determined was 70.2 m2/g. The SEM data revealed the catalyst with porous structure throughout the frame work with small nanosized crystallites. The yield of liquid products with 20% Al-Al2O3 (91.53 ± 2.27 wt%) was the same as compared to Al metal (91.20 ± 0.35 wt%) but the selectivity of hydrocarbons and yield of styrene monomer (56.32 wt%) was higher with 20% Al-Al2O3 catalyst.
", keywords = "Impregnation, catalytic degradation, waste polystyrene, styrene.", volume = "8", number = "4", pages = "352-7", }
