Abstract: Cartesian Genetic Programming (CGP) is explored to
design an optimal circuit capable of early stage breast cancer
detection. CGP is used to evolve simple multiplexer circuits for
detection of malignancy in the Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) samples
of breast. The data set used is extracted from Wisconsins Breast
Cancer Database (WBCD). A range of experiments were performed,
each with different set of network parameters. The best evolved
network detected malignancy with an accuracy of 99.14%, which is
higher than that produced with most of the contemporary non-linear
techniques that are computational expensive than the proposed
system. The evolved network comprises of simple multiplexers
and can be implemented easily in hardware without any further
complications or inaccuracy, being the digital circuit.
Abstract: Cancer affects people globally with breast cancer being a leading killer. Breast cancer is due to the uncontrollable multiplication of cells resulting in a tumour or neoplasm. Tumours are called ‘benign’ when cancerous cells do not ravage other body tissues and ‘malignant’ if they do so. As mammography is an effective breast cancer detection tool at an early stage which is the most treatable stage it is the primary imaging modality for screening and diagnosis of this cancer type. This paper presents an automatic mammogram classification technique using wavelet and Gabor filter. Correlation feature selection is used to reduce the feature set and selected features are classified using different decision trees.
Abstract: To increase the temperature contrast in thermal
images, the characteristics of the electrical conductivity and thermal
imaging modalities can be combined. In this experimental study, it is
objected to observe whether the temperature contrast created by the
tumor tissue can be improved just due to the current application
within medical safety limits. Various thermal breast phantoms are
developed to simulate the female breast tissue. In vitro experiments
are implemented using a thermal infrared camera in a controlled
manner. Since experiments are implemented in vitro, there is no
metabolic heat generation and blood perfusion. Only the effects and
results of the electrical stimulation are investigated. Experimental
study is implemented with two-dimensional models. Temperature
contrasts due to the tumor tissues are obtained. Cancerous tissue is
determined using the difference and ratio of healthy and tumor
images. 1 cm diameter single tumor tissue causes almost 40 °mC
temperature contrast on the thermal-breast phantom. Electrode
artifacts are reduced by taking the difference and ratio of background
(healthy) and tumor images. Ratio of healthy and tumor images show
that temperature contrast is increased by the current application.
Abstract: This paper presents breast cancer detection by
observing the specific absorption rate (SAR) intensity for
identification tumor location, the tumor is identified in coordinates
(x,y,z) system. We examined the frequency between 4-8 GHz to look
for the most appropriate frequency. Results are simulated in
frequency 4-8 GHz, the model overview include normal breast with
50 mm radian, 5 mm diameter of tumor, and ultra wideband (UWB)
bowtie antenna. The models are created and simulated in CST
Microwave Studio. For this simulation, we changed antenna to 5
location around the breast, the tumor can be detected when an
antenna is close to the tumor location, which the coordinate of
maximum SAR is approximated the tumor location. For reliable, we
experiment by random tumor location to 3 position in the same size
of tumor and simulation the result again by varying the antenna
position in 5 position again, and it also detectable the tumor position
from the antenna that nearby tumor position by maximum value of
SAR, which it can be detected the tumor with precision in all
frequency between 4-8 GHz.
Abstract: Breast cancer detection techniques have been reported
to aid radiologists in analyzing mammograms. We note that most
techniques are performed on uncompressed digital mammograms.
Mammogram images are huge in size necessitating the use of
compression to reduce storage/transmission requirements. In this
paper, we present an algorithm for the detection of
microcalcifications in the JPEG2000 domain. The algorithm is based
on the statistical properties of the wavelet transform that the
JPEG2000 coder employs. Simulation results were carried out at
different compression ratios. The sensitivity of this algorithm ranges
from 92% with a false positive rate of 4.7 down to 66% with a false
positive rate of 2.1 using lossless compression and lossy compression
at a compression ratio of 100:1, respectively.
Abstract: Early breast cancer detection is an emerging field of
research as it can save the women infected by malignant tumors.
Microwave breast imaging is based on the electrical property contrast
between healthy and malignant tumor. This contrast can be detected
by use of microwave energy with an array of antennas that illuminate
the breast through coupling medium and by measuring the scattered
fields. In this paper, author has been presented the design and
simulation results of the bowtie antenna. This bowtie antenna is
designed for the detection of breast cancer detection.
Abstract: UWB is a very attractive technology for many
applications. It provides many advantages such as fine resolution and high power efficiency. Our interest in the current study is the use of
UWB radar technique in microwave medical imaging systems, especially for early breast cancer detection. The Federal Communications Commission FCC allowed frequency bandwidth of
3.1 to 10.6 GHz for this purpose. In this paper we suggest an UWB Bowtie slot antenna with enhanced bandwidth. Effects of varying the geometry of the antenna
on its performance and bandwidth are studied. The proposed antenna
is simulated in CST Microwave Studio. Details of antenna design and
simulation results such as return loss and radiation patterns are discussed in this paper. The final antenna structure exhibits good
UWB characteristics and has surpassed the bandwidth requirements.