Zinc Adsorption Determination of H2SO4 Activated Pomegranate Peel
Active carbon can be obtained from agricultural sources. Due to the high surface area, the production of activated carbon from cheap resources is very important. Since the surface area of 1 g activated carbon is approximately between 300 and 2000 m2, it can be used to remove both organic and inorganic impurities. In this study, the adsorption of Zn metal was studied with the product of activated carbon, which is obtained from pomegranate peel by microwave and chemical activation methods. The microwave process of pomegranate peel was carried out under constant microwave power of 800 W and 1 to 4 minutes. After the microwave process, samples were treated with H2SO4 for 3 h. Then prepared product was used in synthetic waste water including 40 ppm Zn metal. As a result, removal of waste Zn in waste water ranged from 91% to 93%.
[1] J. N. Sahu, J. Acharya, B.C. Meicap, Optimization of production conditions for activated carbons from tamarind wood by zinc chloride using response surface methodology, Bioresour. Technol., vol. 101 1974–1982, 2010.
[2] J. Guo, A. C. Lua, Characterization of chars pyrolyzed from oil palm stones for the preparation of activated carbons, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., vol. 46, 113–125, 1998.
[3] B. S. Girgis, L. B. Khalil, T. A. M. Tawfik, Porosity development in carbons derived from olive oil mill residue under steam pyrolysis, Journal of Porous Materials, vol. 9, 105–113, 2002.
[4] J. W. Patrick, Porosity in carbons: characterization and applications, Edward Arnold, 331 p, 1995.
[5] S. Yorgun, N. Vural, H. Demiral, Preparation of high-surface area activated carbon from Paulownia by ZnCl2 activation, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., vol.122, 189–194, 2009.
[6] M. Miura, H. Kaga, A. Sakurai, T. Kakuchi, K. Takahashi, Rapid pyrolysis of wood block by microwave heating, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 71, 187-199, 2004.
[7] H. Akitoshi, N. Yosuke, N. Toshio, C. Saika, K. Hisanori, K. Shunsaku Manufacturing method of activated carbon by microwave heating and its device, Patent of Japan, JP 2004-352595, 2004.
[8] K. Setsihi, A. Seiichi, K. Shiro, O. Masaharu, Carbonization and production of activated carbon, Patent of Japan, JP 2000-034114, 2000.
[9] D.A. Jones, T. P. Lelyveld, S. D. Mavrofidis, S. W. Kingman, N. J. Miles, Microwave heating applications in environmental engineering-a review, Resources, Conservation and Recycling., vol.34, 75-90, 2002.
[10] D.E. Clark, W.H. Sutton, Microwave processing of materials, Annual Review of Materials Research, vol. 26 299–33, 1996.
[11] “Crodarom production facilities,” 2015. (Online). Available: http://www.crodarom.com/home.aspx?s=110&r=124&p=896
[12] V. L. Budarin, J. H. Clark, B. A. Lanigan, P. Shuttleworth, D. J. Macquarrie, Microwave assisted decomposition of cellulose: a new thermochemical route for biomass exploitation, Bioresour. Technol., vol. 101, 3776–3779, 2010.
[13] L.G. Da Silv, A. Domínguez, J. A. Menéndez, M. Inguanzo, J. J. Pís, Production of bio-fuels by high temperature pyrolysis of sewage sludge using conventional and microwave heating, Bioresour. Technol., vol. 97, 1185–1193, 2006.
[14] X. Zhao, Z. Song, H. Liu, Z. Li, L. Li, C. Ma, Microwave pyrolysis of corn stalk bale: a promising method for direct utilization of large-sized biomass and syngas production, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 89, 87–94, 2010.
[15] F. Yu, P. H. Steele, R. Ruan, Microwave pyrolysis of corn cob and characteristics of the pyrolytic chars, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery Utilization, and Environmental Effects, vol. 32, 475–484, 2010.
[16] E. Yagmur, M. Ozmak, Z. Aktas, A novel method for production of activated carbon from waste tea by chemical activation with microwave energy, Fuel, vol. 87 3278–3285, 2008.
[17] A. K. Meena, C. Rajagopal, Kiran, G. K. Mishra, Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using chemically (Na2S) treated granular activated carbon as an adsorbent, J. Sci. Ind. Res., vol. 69, 449–453, 2010.
[18] S. H. Lin, S. L. Lai, H. G., Leu, Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by chelating resin in a multistage adsorption process, J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 76(15), 139–153, 2000.
[19] V. Meshko, L. Markovska, M. Minceva, A. Rodrigues, Adsorption of basic dyes on granular activated carbon and natural zeolite, Water Res., vol. 35(14), 3357–3366, 2001.
[20] C. C. Bansal, J. B. Donnet, F. Stoeckli, Active Carbon. Marcel Decker, New York, 1988.
[21] L. Norton, K. Baskaran, S. T. McKenzie, Biosorption of zinc from aqueous solutions using biosolids, Adv. Environ. Res.,vol. 8, 629–635, 2004.
[1] J. N. Sahu, J. Acharya, B.C. Meicap, Optimization of production conditions for activated carbons from tamarind wood by zinc chloride using response surface methodology, Bioresour. Technol., vol. 101 1974–1982, 2010.
[2] J. Guo, A. C. Lua, Characterization of chars pyrolyzed from oil palm stones for the preparation of activated carbons, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., vol. 46, 113–125, 1998.
[3] B. S. Girgis, L. B. Khalil, T. A. M. Tawfik, Porosity development in carbons derived from olive oil mill residue under steam pyrolysis, Journal of Porous Materials, vol. 9, 105–113, 2002.
[4] J. W. Patrick, Porosity in carbons: characterization and applications, Edward Arnold, 331 p, 1995.
[5] S. Yorgun, N. Vural, H. Demiral, Preparation of high-surface area activated carbon from Paulownia by ZnCl2 activation, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., vol.122, 189–194, 2009.
[6] M. Miura, H. Kaga, A. Sakurai, T. Kakuchi, K. Takahashi, Rapid pyrolysis of wood block by microwave heating, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 71, 187-199, 2004.
[7] H. Akitoshi, N. Yosuke, N. Toshio, C. Saika, K. Hisanori, K. Shunsaku Manufacturing method of activated carbon by microwave heating and its device, Patent of Japan, JP 2004-352595, 2004.
[8] K. Setsihi, A. Seiichi, K. Shiro, O. Masaharu, Carbonization and production of activated carbon, Patent of Japan, JP 2000-034114, 2000.
[9] D.A. Jones, T. P. Lelyveld, S. D. Mavrofidis, S. W. Kingman, N. J. Miles, Microwave heating applications in environmental engineering-a review, Resources, Conservation and Recycling., vol.34, 75-90, 2002.
[10] D.E. Clark, W.H. Sutton, Microwave processing of materials, Annual Review of Materials Research, vol. 26 299–33, 1996.
[11] “Crodarom production facilities,” 2015. (Online). Available: http://www.crodarom.com/home.aspx?s=110&r=124&p=896
[12] V. L. Budarin, J. H. Clark, B. A. Lanigan, P. Shuttleworth, D. J. Macquarrie, Microwave assisted decomposition of cellulose: a new thermochemical route for biomass exploitation, Bioresour. Technol., vol. 101, 3776–3779, 2010.
[13] L.G. Da Silv, A. Domínguez, J. A. Menéndez, M. Inguanzo, J. J. Pís, Production of bio-fuels by high temperature pyrolysis of sewage sludge using conventional and microwave heating, Bioresour. Technol., vol. 97, 1185–1193, 2006.
[14] X. Zhao, Z. Song, H. Liu, Z. Li, L. Li, C. Ma, Microwave pyrolysis of corn stalk bale: a promising method for direct utilization of large-sized biomass and syngas production, Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 89, 87–94, 2010.
[15] F. Yu, P. H. Steele, R. Ruan, Microwave pyrolysis of corn cob and characteristics of the pyrolytic chars, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery Utilization, and Environmental Effects, vol. 32, 475–484, 2010.
[16] E. Yagmur, M. Ozmak, Z. Aktas, A novel method for production of activated carbon from waste tea by chemical activation with microwave energy, Fuel, vol. 87 3278–3285, 2008.
[17] A. K. Meena, C. Rajagopal, Kiran, G. K. Mishra, Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using chemically (Na2S) treated granular activated carbon as an adsorbent, J. Sci. Ind. Res., vol. 69, 449–453, 2010.
[18] S. H. Lin, S. L. Lai, H. G., Leu, Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by chelating resin in a multistage adsorption process, J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 76(15), 139–153, 2000.
[19] V. Meshko, L. Markovska, M. Minceva, A. Rodrigues, Adsorption of basic dyes on granular activated carbon and natural zeolite, Water Res., vol. 35(14), 3357–3366, 2001.
[20] C. C. Bansal, J. B. Donnet, F. Stoeckli, Active Carbon. Marcel Decker, New York, 1988.
[21] L. Norton, K. Baskaran, S. T. McKenzie, Biosorption of zinc from aqueous solutions using biosolids, Adv. Environ. Res.,vol. 8, 629–635, 2004.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:78443", author = "S. N. Turkmen Koc and A. S. Kipcak and M. B. Piskin and E. Moroydor Derun and N. Tugrul", title = "Zinc Adsorption Determination of H2SO4 Activated Pomegranate Peel ", abstract = "Active carbon can be obtained from agricultural sources. Due to the high surface area, the production of activated carbon from cheap resources is very important. Since the surface area of 1 g activated carbon is approximately between 300 and 2000 m2, it can be used to remove both organic and inorganic impurities. In this study, the adsorption of Zn metal was studied with the product of activated carbon, which is obtained from pomegranate peel by microwave and chemical activation methods. The microwave process of pomegranate peel was carried out under constant microwave power of 800 W and 1 to 4 minutes. After the microwave process, samples were treated with H2SO4 for 3 h. Then prepared product was used in synthetic waste water including 40 ppm Zn metal. As a result, removal of waste Zn in waste water ranged from 91% to 93%.", keywords = "Activated carbon, chemical activation, H2SO4, microwave, pomegranate peel.", volume = "13", number = "2", pages = "76-4", }
