The Effect of Lime Stabilization on E. coli Destruction and Heavy Metal Bioavailability in Sewage Sludge for Agricultural Utilization
The addition of lime as Ca(OH)2 to sewage sludge to
destroy pathogens (Escherichia coli), was evaluated also in relation
to heavy metal bioavailability.
The obtained results show that the use of calcium hydroxide at the
dose of 3% effectively destroyed pathogens ensuring the stability at
high pH values over long period and the duration of the sewage
sludge stabilization. In general, lime addition decreased the total
extractability of heavy metals indicating a reduced bioavailability of
these elements. This is particularly important for a safe utilization in
agricultural soils to reduce the possible transfer of heavy metals to
the food chain.
[1] Commission of European Communities. Council Directive 86/278/EEC
of 4 July 1986 “on the protection of the environment, and in particular of
the soil, when sewage sludge is used in agriculture”, 1986.
[2] D. Fytili and A. Zabaniotou, “Utilization of sewage sludge in EU
application of old and new methods-A review”, Renew. Sust. Energ.
Rev., vol. 12, pp. 116–140, 2008.
[3] EEA, “Waste” in Environmental signals 2001. European environment
agency regular indicator report, pp 99-104, Copenhagen, 2001.
[4] M. Farzadkia and E. Bazrafshan, “Lime Stabilization of Waste Activated
Sludge”, Health Scope vol. 3, August 2014.
[5] J. Werther and T. Ogada, “Sewage sludge combustion”, Prog. Energ.
Combust., vol. 25, issue 1, pp. 55-116,February 1999.
[6] European Commission, “Current Sludge Production and Management in
the EU” in Environmental, economic and social impacts of the use of
sewage sludge on land. Final Report. Part III: Project Interim Reports,
pp. 1-7, 2008.
[7] European Commission, “Parameters affecting the killing or inactivation
of pathogens” in Evaluation of sludge treatments for pathogen
reduction: Final Report, pp. 11-16, 2001.
[8] D.R. Fenlon, I.D. Ogden, A. Vinten and I. Svoboda, “The fate of
Escherichia coliand E. coli 0157 in cattle slurry after application to
land”, J. Appl. Microbiol. Symp. Suppl., vol. 88, pp.149S-156S, 2000.
[9] M.C. Collivignarelli, A. Abbà, S. Padovani, M. Frascarolo, D.
Sciunnach, M. Turconi and M. Orlando, “Recuperodeifanghi di
depurazione in agricoltura in lombardia: Prospettive e
interventinormativi”, Proceedings SUM, Bergamo, Italy; 19-21 May
2014.
[10] F. Czechowski and T. Marcinkowski, “Sewage sludge stabilisation with
calcium hydroxide: effect on physicochemical properties and molecular
composition”, Wat. Res., vol. 40, pp. 1895-1905, 2006. [11] J. W. C. Wong and M. Fang, “Effects of lime addition on sewage sludge
composting process”, Wat. Res., vol. 34, no. 15, pp. 3691-3698, 2000.
[12] P. Samaras, C.A. Papadimitriou, I. Haritou and A.I. Zouboulis,
“Investigation of sewage sludge stabilization potential by the addition of
fly ash and lime”, J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 154, pp. 1052–1059, 2008.
[13] F. Pedron, G. Petruzzelli, M. Barbafieri and E. Tassi, “Remediation of a
mercury-contaminated industrial soil using bioavailable contaminant
stripping”, Pedosphere, vol. 23, pp. 104-110, 2013.
[14] F. Pedron, G. Petruzzelli, M. Barbafieri and E. Tassi, “Strategies to use
phytoextraction in very acidic soil contaminated by heavy metals”,
Chemosphere, vol. 75, pp. 808-814, 2009.
[15] Decretolegislativo 27 gennaio 1992, n. 99 “Attuazionedelladirettiva
86/278/CEE concernente la protezionedell’ambiente, in particolare del
suolo, nell’utilizzazionedeifanghi di depurazione in agricoltura”, 1992.
[16] G. Petruzzelli, L. Lubrano and G. Guidi, “Uptake by corn and chemical
extractability of heavy metals from a four year compost treated soil”,
Plant Soil, vol. 116, pp. 23-27, 1989.
[17] G. Petruzzelli, “Recycling wastes in agriculture: heavy metal
bioavailability”, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., vol. 27, pp. 493–503, 1989.
[18] A. Fuentes, M. Lloréns, J. Sàez, A. Soler, M. I. Aguilar, J .F. Ortuño and
V. F. Meseguer, “Simple and sequential extractions of heavy metals
from different sewage sludges”, Chemosphere, vol. 54, pp. 1039-1047,
2004.
[19] E.A. Alvarez, M.C. Mochon, J.C.J. Sànchez, M.T. Rodriguez, “Heavy
metal extractable forms in sludge from wastewater treatment plants”,
Chemosphere, vol. 47, pp. 765-775, 2002.
[20] I. Da Silva, G. Abate. J. Lichtig and J. Masini, “Heavy metal distribution
in recent sediments of Tietê-Pinheiros river system in Sao Paulo state,
Brazil”, Appl. Geochem., vol. 17, pp.105-116, 2002.
[21] D.J. Ashworth and B.J. Alloway, “influence of dissolved organic matter
on the solubility of heavy metals in sewage-sludge-amended soils”,
Commun. Soil Sci. Plan., vol. 39, pp. 538-550, 2008.
[1] Commission of European Communities. Council Directive 86/278/EEC
of 4 July 1986 “on the protection of the environment, and in particular of
the soil, when sewage sludge is used in agriculture”, 1986.
[2] D. Fytili and A. Zabaniotou, “Utilization of sewage sludge in EU
application of old and new methods-A review”, Renew. Sust. Energ.
Rev., vol. 12, pp. 116–140, 2008.
[3] EEA, “Waste” in Environmental signals 2001. European environment
agency regular indicator report, pp 99-104, Copenhagen, 2001.
[4] M. Farzadkia and E. Bazrafshan, “Lime Stabilization of Waste Activated
Sludge”, Health Scope vol. 3, August 2014.
[5] J. Werther and T. Ogada, “Sewage sludge combustion”, Prog. Energ.
Combust., vol. 25, issue 1, pp. 55-116,February 1999.
[6] European Commission, “Current Sludge Production and Management in
the EU” in Environmental, economic and social impacts of the use of
sewage sludge on land. Final Report. Part III: Project Interim Reports,
pp. 1-7, 2008.
[7] European Commission, “Parameters affecting the killing or inactivation
of pathogens” in Evaluation of sludge treatments for pathogen
reduction: Final Report, pp. 11-16, 2001.
[8] D.R. Fenlon, I.D. Ogden, A. Vinten and I. Svoboda, “The fate of
Escherichia coliand E. coli 0157 in cattle slurry after application to
land”, J. Appl. Microbiol. Symp. Suppl., vol. 88, pp.149S-156S, 2000.
[9] M.C. Collivignarelli, A. Abbà, S. Padovani, M. Frascarolo, D.
Sciunnach, M. Turconi and M. Orlando, “Recuperodeifanghi di
depurazione in agricoltura in lombardia: Prospettive e
interventinormativi”, Proceedings SUM, Bergamo, Italy; 19-21 May
2014.
[10] F. Czechowski and T. Marcinkowski, “Sewage sludge stabilisation with
calcium hydroxide: effect on physicochemical properties and molecular
composition”, Wat. Res., vol. 40, pp. 1895-1905, 2006. [11] J. W. C. Wong and M. Fang, “Effects of lime addition on sewage sludge
composting process”, Wat. Res., vol. 34, no. 15, pp. 3691-3698, 2000.
[12] P. Samaras, C.A. Papadimitriou, I. Haritou and A.I. Zouboulis,
“Investigation of sewage sludge stabilization potential by the addition of
fly ash and lime”, J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 154, pp. 1052–1059, 2008.
[13] F. Pedron, G. Petruzzelli, M. Barbafieri and E. Tassi, “Remediation of a
mercury-contaminated industrial soil using bioavailable contaminant
stripping”, Pedosphere, vol. 23, pp. 104-110, 2013.
[14] F. Pedron, G. Petruzzelli, M. Barbafieri and E. Tassi, “Strategies to use
phytoextraction in very acidic soil contaminated by heavy metals”,
Chemosphere, vol. 75, pp. 808-814, 2009.
[15] Decretolegislativo 27 gennaio 1992, n. 99 “Attuazionedelladirettiva
86/278/CEE concernente la protezionedell’ambiente, in particolare del
suolo, nell’utilizzazionedeifanghi di depurazione in agricoltura”, 1992.
[16] G. Petruzzelli, L. Lubrano and G. Guidi, “Uptake by corn and chemical
extractability of heavy metals from a four year compost treated soil”,
Plant Soil, vol. 116, pp. 23-27, 1989.
[17] G. Petruzzelli, “Recycling wastes in agriculture: heavy metal
bioavailability”, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., vol. 27, pp. 493–503, 1989.
[18] A. Fuentes, M. Lloréns, J. Sàez, A. Soler, M. I. Aguilar, J .F. Ortuño and
V. F. Meseguer, “Simple and sequential extractions of heavy metals
from different sewage sludges”, Chemosphere, vol. 54, pp. 1039-1047,
2004.
[19] E.A. Alvarez, M.C. Mochon, J.C.J. Sànchez, M.T. Rodriguez, “Heavy
metal extractable forms in sludge from wastewater treatment plants”,
Chemosphere, vol. 47, pp. 765-775, 2002.
[20] I. Da Silva, G. Abate. J. Lichtig and J. Masini, “Heavy metal distribution
in recent sediments of Tietê-Pinheiros river system in Sao Paulo state,
Brazil”, Appl. Geochem., vol. 17, pp.105-116, 2002.
[21] D.J. Ashworth and B.J. Alloway, “influence of dissolved organic matter
on the solubility of heavy metals in sewage-sludge-amended soils”,
Commun. Soil Sci. Plan., vol. 39, pp. 538-550, 2008.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:70117", author = "G. Petruzzelli and F. Pedron and M. Grifoni and A. Pera and I. Rosellini and B. Pezzarossa", title = "The Effect of Lime Stabilization on E. coli Destruction and Heavy Metal Bioavailability in Sewage Sludge for Agricultural Utilization", abstract = "The addition of lime as Ca(OH)2 to sewage sludge to
destroy pathogens (Escherichia coli), was evaluated also in relation
to heavy metal bioavailability.
The obtained results show that the use of calcium hydroxide at the
dose of 3% effectively destroyed pathogens ensuring the stability at
high pH values over long period and the duration of the sewage
sludge stabilization. In general, lime addition decreased the total
extractability of heavy metals indicating a reduced bioavailability of
these elements. This is particularly important for a safe utilization in
agricultural soils to reduce the possible transfer of heavy metals to
the food chain.", keywords = "Biological sludge, Ca(OH)2, copper, pathogens,
sanitation, zinc.", volume = "9", number = "6", pages = "629-6", }
