The Antibacterial Efficacy of Gold Nanoparticles Derived from Gomphrena celosioides and Prunus amygdalus (Almond) Leaves on Selected Bacterial Pathogens
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained increasing
interest in recent times. This is greatly due to their special features,
which include unusual optical and electronic properties, high stability
and biological compatibility, controllable morphology and size
dispersion, and easy surface functionalization. In typical synthesis,
AuNPs were produced by reduction of gold salt AuCl4 in an
appropriate solvent. A stabilizing agent was added to prevent the
particles from aggregating. The antibacterial activity of different
sizes of gold nanoparticles was investigated against Staphylococcus
aureus, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas pneumonia using the disk
diffusion method in a Müeller–Hinton Agar. The Au-NPs were
effective against all bacteria tested. That the Au-NPs were
successfully synthesized in suspension and were used to study the
antibacterial activity of the two medicinal plants against some
bacterial pathogens suggests that Au-NPs can be employed as an
effective bacteria inhibitor and may be an effective tool in medical
field. The study clearly showed that the Au-NPs exhibiting inhibition
towards the tested pathogenic bacteria in vitro could have the same
effects in vivo and thus may be useful in the medical field if well
researched into.
[1] Mazur, M. (2004), "Electrochemically Prepared Silver Nanoflakes and
Nanowires”, Electrochemistry Communications, 6, 400-403.
[2] Chang, L.T. and Yen, C.C. (1995). "Studies on the Preparation and
Properties of Conductive Polymers. VIII. Use of Heat Treatment to
Prepare Metalized Films from Silver Chelate of PVA and PAN”. J.
Appl. Polym. Sci., 55, 371-374.
[3] Baker, C., Pradhan, A., Pakstis, L., Pochan, D.J. and Shah, S.I. (2005).
"Synthesis and Antibacterial Properties of Silver Nanoparticles”, J.
Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 5, 224-249.
[4] Shahverdi, A.R., Mianaeian, S., Shahverdi, H.R., Jamalifar, H. and
Nohi, A.A., *2007) "Rapid Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using
Culture Supernatants of Enterobacteria: A Novel Biological Approach”.
Process Biochem. 42, 919-923.
[5] Cao, Y.W., Jin, R. and MirkinC.A.. (2001). "DNA-Modified Core-Shell
Ag/Au Nanoparticles”, J. Am. Chem. SOC, 123,7961-7962.
[6] Matejka, P., Vlckova, B., Vohlidal, J., Pancoska, P. and Baumuruk, V.
(1992). "The Role of Triton X-100 as an Adsorbate and a Molecular
Spacer on the Surface of Silver Colloid: A Surface-Enhanced Raman
Scattering Study”. J. Phys. Chem., 96, 1361-1366,
[7] Mehrdad F. and Khalil F. (2010). Biological and green synthesis of
silver nanoparticles. Turkish J. Eng. Env. Sci. 34:281 – 287.
[8] Pileni, M.P. (2000). "Fabrication and Physical Properties of Self-
Organized Silver Nanocrystals”, Pure Appl. Chem., 72, 53-65.
[9] Sun, Y.P., Atorngitjawat, P. and Meziani, M.J. (2001). "Preparation of
Silver Nanoparticles Via Rapid Expansion of Water in Carbon Dioxide
Microemulsion into Reductant Solution”. Langmuir, 17, 5707-5710.
[10] Henglein, A. (2001). Reduction of Ag(CN)2 on Silver and Platinum
Colloidal Nanoparticles”, Langmuir, 17, 2329-2333, 2001.
[11] Klaus, T., Joerger, R., Olsson, E. and Granqvist, C.G.(1999). "Silver-
Based Crystalline Nanoparticles, Microbially Fabricated”. J. Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 13611-13614.
[12] Nair, B. and Pradeep, T. (2002). ”Coalescence of Nanoclusters and
Formation of Submicron Crystallites Assisted by Lactobacillus Strains”.
Cryst. Growth Des, 2, 293-298.
[13] Konishi, Y. and Uruga, T. (2007). "Bioreductive Deposition of Platinum
Nanoparticles on the Bacterium Shewanella algae”. J. Biotechnol., 128,
648-653.
[14] Willner, I., Baron, R. and Willner, B. (2006)."Growing Metal
Nanoparticles by Enzymes”, J. Adv. Mater., 18, 1109-1120,
[15] Vigneshwaran, N., Ashtaputre, N.M., Varadarajan, P.V., Nachane, R.P.,
Paraliker, K.M. and Balasubramanya, R.H. (2007) "Biological Synthesis
of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Fungus Aspergillusflavus”, Mater.
Lett. 61, 1413-1418.
[16] Shankar, S. S.; Rai, A.; Ankamwar, B.; Singh, A.; Ahmad, A.; Sastry,
M. (2004). "Biological Synthesis of Triangular Gold Nanoprisms,”
Nature Materials, 3; 482-488.
[17] Chandran, S.P., Chaudhary, M., Pasricha, R., Ahmad, A. and Sastry, M.
(2006) "Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Aloe Vera
Plant Extract”, J. Biotechnol. Prog., 22, 577-583.
[18] Jae, Y.S. and Beom, S.K. (2009), "Rapid Biological Synthesis of Silver
Nanoparticles Using Plant Leaf Extracts”, Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng., 32:
79-84.
[19] KamyarShameli, Mansor Bin Ahmad, SeyedDavoudJazayeri, Parvaneh
Shabanzadeh, ParvanhSangpour, HosseinJahangirian and Yadollah
Gharayebi (2012). Investigation of antibacterial properties silver
nanoparticles prepared via green method. Chemistry Central journal.
6(73):1-10
[20] Lokina, S. and Narayanan, V. (2013). Antimicrobial and Anticancer
Activity of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized from Grapes Fruit Extract.
ChemSci Trans. 2(S1): S105-S110
[21] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, CLSI, (2000). Protocols for
Evaluating Dehydrated Mueller-Hinton Agar; Approved Standard-
Second Edition. CSLI document M6-A2.
[22] Yan Zhou, Ying Kong, SubrataKundu, Jeffrey D Cirillo, and Hong
Liang (2012). Antibacterial activities of gold and silver nanoparticles
against Escherichia coli and bacillus Calmette-Guérin. BioMed Central.
10(19):1-9
[1] Mazur, M. (2004), "Electrochemically Prepared Silver Nanoflakes and
Nanowires”, Electrochemistry Communications, 6, 400-403.
[2] Chang, L.T. and Yen, C.C. (1995). "Studies on the Preparation and
Properties of Conductive Polymers. VIII. Use of Heat Treatment to
Prepare Metalized Films from Silver Chelate of PVA and PAN”. J.
Appl. Polym. Sci., 55, 371-374.
[3] Baker, C., Pradhan, A., Pakstis, L., Pochan, D.J. and Shah, S.I. (2005).
"Synthesis and Antibacterial Properties of Silver Nanoparticles”, J.
Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 5, 224-249.
[4] Shahverdi, A.R., Mianaeian, S., Shahverdi, H.R., Jamalifar, H. and
Nohi, A.A., *2007) "Rapid Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using
Culture Supernatants of Enterobacteria: A Novel Biological Approach”.
Process Biochem. 42, 919-923.
[5] Cao, Y.W., Jin, R. and MirkinC.A.. (2001). "DNA-Modified Core-Shell
Ag/Au Nanoparticles”, J. Am. Chem. SOC, 123,7961-7962.
[6] Matejka, P., Vlckova, B., Vohlidal, J., Pancoska, P. and Baumuruk, V.
(1992). "The Role of Triton X-100 as an Adsorbate and a Molecular
Spacer on the Surface of Silver Colloid: A Surface-Enhanced Raman
Scattering Study”. J. Phys. Chem., 96, 1361-1366,
[7] Mehrdad F. and Khalil F. (2010). Biological and green synthesis of
silver nanoparticles. Turkish J. Eng. Env. Sci. 34:281 – 287.
[8] Pileni, M.P. (2000). "Fabrication and Physical Properties of Self-
Organized Silver Nanocrystals”, Pure Appl. Chem., 72, 53-65.
[9] Sun, Y.P., Atorngitjawat, P. and Meziani, M.J. (2001). "Preparation of
Silver Nanoparticles Via Rapid Expansion of Water in Carbon Dioxide
Microemulsion into Reductant Solution”. Langmuir, 17, 5707-5710.
[10] Henglein, A. (2001). Reduction of Ag(CN)2 on Silver and Platinum
Colloidal Nanoparticles”, Langmuir, 17, 2329-2333, 2001.
[11] Klaus, T., Joerger, R., Olsson, E. and Granqvist, C.G.(1999). "Silver-
Based Crystalline Nanoparticles, Microbially Fabricated”. J. Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 13611-13614.
[12] Nair, B. and Pradeep, T. (2002). ”Coalescence of Nanoclusters and
Formation of Submicron Crystallites Assisted by Lactobacillus Strains”.
Cryst. Growth Des, 2, 293-298.
[13] Konishi, Y. and Uruga, T. (2007). "Bioreductive Deposition of Platinum
Nanoparticles on the Bacterium Shewanella algae”. J. Biotechnol., 128,
648-653.
[14] Willner, I., Baron, R. and Willner, B. (2006)."Growing Metal
Nanoparticles by Enzymes”, J. Adv. Mater., 18, 1109-1120,
[15] Vigneshwaran, N., Ashtaputre, N.M., Varadarajan, P.V., Nachane, R.P.,
Paraliker, K.M. and Balasubramanya, R.H. (2007) "Biological Synthesis
of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Fungus Aspergillusflavus”, Mater.
Lett. 61, 1413-1418.
[16] Shankar, S. S.; Rai, A.; Ankamwar, B.; Singh, A.; Ahmad, A.; Sastry,
M. (2004). "Biological Synthesis of Triangular Gold Nanoprisms,”
Nature Materials, 3; 482-488.
[17] Chandran, S.P., Chaudhary, M., Pasricha, R., Ahmad, A. and Sastry, M.
(2006) "Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Aloe Vera
Plant Extract”, J. Biotechnol. Prog., 22, 577-583.
[18] Jae, Y.S. and Beom, S.K. (2009), "Rapid Biological Synthesis of Silver
Nanoparticles Using Plant Leaf Extracts”, Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng., 32:
79-84.
[19] KamyarShameli, Mansor Bin Ahmad, SeyedDavoudJazayeri, Parvaneh
Shabanzadeh, ParvanhSangpour, HosseinJahangirian and Yadollah
Gharayebi (2012). Investigation of antibacterial properties silver
nanoparticles prepared via green method. Chemistry Central journal.
6(73):1-10
[20] Lokina, S. and Narayanan, V. (2013). Antimicrobial and Anticancer
Activity of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized from Grapes Fruit Extract.
ChemSci Trans. 2(S1): S105-S110
[21] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, CLSI, (2000). Protocols for
Evaluating Dehydrated Mueller-Hinton Agar; Approved Standard-
Second Edition. CSLI document M6-A2.
[22] Yan Zhou, Ying Kong, SubrataKundu, Jeffrey D Cirillo, and Hong
Liang (2012). Antibacterial activities of gold and silver nanoparticles
against Escherichia coli and bacillus Calmette-Guérin. BioMed Central.
10(19):1-9
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:66943", author = "M. E. Abalaka and S. Y. Daniyan and S. O. Adeyemo and D. Damisa", title = "The Antibacterial Efficacy of Gold Nanoparticles Derived from Gomphrena celosioides and Prunus amygdalus (Almond) Leaves on Selected Bacterial Pathogens", abstract = "Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained increasing
interest in recent times. This is greatly due to their special features,
which include unusual optical and electronic properties, high stability
and biological compatibility, controllable morphology and size
dispersion, and easy surface functionalization. In typical synthesis,
AuNPs were produced by reduction of gold salt AuCl4 in an
appropriate solvent. A stabilizing agent was added to prevent the
particles from aggregating. The antibacterial activity of different
sizes of gold nanoparticles was investigated against Staphylococcus
aureus, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas pneumonia using the disk
diffusion method in a Müeller–Hinton Agar. The Au-NPs were
effective against all bacteria tested. That the Au-NPs were
successfully synthesized in suspension and were used to study the
antibacterial activity of the two medicinal plants against some
bacterial pathogens suggests that Au-NPs can be employed as an
effective bacteria inhibitor and may be an effective tool in medical
field. The study clearly showed that the Au-NPs exhibiting inhibition
towards the tested pathogenic bacteria in vitro could have the same
effects in vivo and thus may be useful in the medical field if well
researched into.
", keywords = "Gold Nanoparticles, Gomphrena celesioides, Prunus
amygdalus, Pathogens.", volume = "8", number = "4", pages = "362-4", }
