Streamwise Conduction of Nanofluidic Flow in Microchannels
The effect of streamwise conduction on the thermal
characteristics of forced convection for nanofluidic flow in
rectangular microchannel heat sinks under isothermal wall has been
investigated. By applying the fin approach, models with and without
streamwise conduction term in the energy equation were developed
for hydrodynamically and thermally fully-developed flow. These two
models were solved to obtain closed form analytical solutions for the
nanofluid and solid wall temperature distributions and the analysis
emphasized details of the variations induced by the streamwise
conduction on the nanofluid heat transport characteristics. The effects
of the Peclet number, nanoparticle volume fraction, thermal
conductivity ratio on the thermal characteristics of forced convection
in microchannel heat sinks are analyzed. Due to the anomalous
increase in the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluid compared
to its base fluid, the effect of streamwise conduction is expected to be
more significant. This study reveals the significance of the effect of
streamwise conduction under certain conditions of which the
streamwise conduction should not be neglected in the forced
convective heat transfer analysis of microchannel heat sinks.
[1] S.U.S. Choi, "Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with
nanoparticles," Developments and Applications of Non-newtonian
Flows, vol. ASME FED 231, pp. 99-105, 1995.
[2] W. Daungthongsuk, and S. Wongwises, "A critical review of convective
heat transfer of nanofluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews, vol. 11, pp.797-817, 2007.
[3] W. Yu, D.M. France, J.L. Routbort, and S.U.S. Choi, "Review and
comparison of nanofluid thermal conductivity and heat transfer
enhancements," Heat Transfer Engineering, vol. 29, pp. 432-460, 2008.
[4] S. Kakaç, and A. Pramuanjaroenkij, "Review of convective heat transfer
enhancement with nanofluids," International Journal of Heat and Mass
Transfer, vol.52, pp. 3187-3196, 2009.
[5] J.A. Eastman, S.U.S. Choi, S. Li, W. Yu, and L.J. Thompson,
"Anomalously increased effective thermal conductivities of ethylene
glycol-based nano-fluids containing copper nano-particles," Applied
Physics Letters, vol. 78, pp. 718-720, 2001.
[6] S.U.S. Choi, Z.G. Zhang, W. Yu, F.E. Lockwood, and E.A. Grulke,
"Anomalous thermal conductivity enhancement in nano-tube
suspensions," Applied Physics Letters, vol. 79, pp. 2252-2254, 2001.
[7] Y. Xuan, and Q. Li, "Investigation on convective heat transfer and flow
features of nanofluids," Journal of Heat Transfer, vol. 125, pp. 151-
155, 2003.
[8] J.A. Eastman, S.U.S. Choi, S. Li, and L.J. Thompson, "Enhanced
thermal conductivity through the development of nanofluids," in
Proceedings of the Symposium on Nanophase and Nanocomposite
Materials II, USA, 1997, pp. 3-11.
[9] S. Lee, S.U.S. Choi, S. Li, and J. A. Eastman, "Measuring thermal
conductivity of fluids containing oxide nanoparticles," Journal of Heat
Transfer, vol. 121, pp. 280-289, 1999.
[10] B.W. Wang, L.P. Zhou, and X.F. Peng, "A fractal model for predicting
the effective thermal conductivity of liquid with suspension of
nanoparticles," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.
46, pp. 2665-2672, 2003.
[11] T.V. Nguyen, "Laminar heat transfer for thermal developing flow in
ducts," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 35, pp.
1733-1741, 1992.
[12] J. Lahjomri, and A. Oubarra, "Analytical solution of the Graetz problem
with axial conduction," ASME Journal of Heat Transfer, vol. 121, pp.
1078-1083, 1999.
[13] B. Weigand, and D. Lauffer, "The extended Graetz problem with
piecewise constant wall temperature for pipe and channel flows,"
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 47, pp. 5303-
5312, 2004.
[14] C.Y. Zhao, and T.J. Lu, "Analysis of microchannel heat sink for
electronics cooling," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,
vol. 45, pp. 4857-4869, 2002.
[15] G. Hetsroni, A. Mosyak, E. Pogrebnyak, and L.P. Yarin, "Heat transfer
in micro-channels: Comparison of experiments with theory and
numerical results," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,
vol. 48, pp. 5580-5601, 2005.
[16] A. Husain, and K.Y. Kim, "Optimization of a microchannel heat sink
with temperature dependent fluid properties," Applied Thermal
Engineering, vol. 28, pp. 1101-1107, 2008.
[17] S. Muniandy, and Y.M. Hung, "Analysis of streamwise conduction in
forced convection of microchannels using fin approach," Journal of
Zhejiang University - Science A, vol. 12, pp. 655-664, 2011.
[18] R.L. Hamilton, and O.K. Crosser, "Thermal conductivity of
heterogeneous two components systems," Industrial and Engineering
Chemistry Fundamentals, vol. 1, pp. 187-191, 1962.
[19] H.C. Brinkman, "The viscosity of concentrated suspension and
solutions," Journal of Chemistry Physics, vol. 20, pp. 571-581, 1952.
[20] Y. Xuan, and W. Roetzel, "Conceptions for heat transfer correlation of
nanofluids," International Journal Heat Mass Transfer, vol. 43, pp.
3701-3707, 2000.
[21] F.P. Incropera, D.P. Dewitt, T.L. Bergman, and A.S. Lavine,
"Introduction to heat transfer," 5th ed., New York: Wiley, 2007, pp.
137-145.
[1] S.U.S. Choi, "Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with
nanoparticles," Developments and Applications of Non-newtonian
Flows, vol. ASME FED 231, pp. 99-105, 1995.
[2] W. Daungthongsuk, and S. Wongwises, "A critical review of convective
heat transfer of nanofluids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews, vol. 11, pp.797-817, 2007.
[3] W. Yu, D.M. France, J.L. Routbort, and S.U.S. Choi, "Review and
comparison of nanofluid thermal conductivity and heat transfer
enhancements," Heat Transfer Engineering, vol. 29, pp. 432-460, 2008.
[4] S. Kakaç, and A. Pramuanjaroenkij, "Review of convective heat transfer
enhancement with nanofluids," International Journal of Heat and Mass
Transfer, vol.52, pp. 3187-3196, 2009.
[5] J.A. Eastman, S.U.S. Choi, S. Li, W. Yu, and L.J. Thompson,
"Anomalously increased effective thermal conductivities of ethylene
glycol-based nano-fluids containing copper nano-particles," Applied
Physics Letters, vol. 78, pp. 718-720, 2001.
[6] S.U.S. Choi, Z.G. Zhang, W. Yu, F.E. Lockwood, and E.A. Grulke,
"Anomalous thermal conductivity enhancement in nano-tube
suspensions," Applied Physics Letters, vol. 79, pp. 2252-2254, 2001.
[7] Y. Xuan, and Q. Li, "Investigation on convective heat transfer and flow
features of nanofluids," Journal of Heat Transfer, vol. 125, pp. 151-
155, 2003.
[8] J.A. Eastman, S.U.S. Choi, S. Li, and L.J. Thompson, "Enhanced
thermal conductivity through the development of nanofluids," in
Proceedings of the Symposium on Nanophase and Nanocomposite
Materials II, USA, 1997, pp. 3-11.
[9] S. Lee, S.U.S. Choi, S. Li, and J. A. Eastman, "Measuring thermal
conductivity of fluids containing oxide nanoparticles," Journal of Heat
Transfer, vol. 121, pp. 280-289, 1999.
[10] B.W. Wang, L.P. Zhou, and X.F. Peng, "A fractal model for predicting
the effective thermal conductivity of liquid with suspension of
nanoparticles," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol.
46, pp. 2665-2672, 2003.
[11] T.V. Nguyen, "Laminar heat transfer for thermal developing flow in
ducts," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 35, pp.
1733-1741, 1992.
[12] J. Lahjomri, and A. Oubarra, "Analytical solution of the Graetz problem
with axial conduction," ASME Journal of Heat Transfer, vol. 121, pp.
1078-1083, 1999.
[13] B. Weigand, and D. Lauffer, "The extended Graetz problem with
piecewise constant wall temperature for pipe and channel flows,"
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 47, pp. 5303-
5312, 2004.
[14] C.Y. Zhao, and T.J. Lu, "Analysis of microchannel heat sink for
electronics cooling," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,
vol. 45, pp. 4857-4869, 2002.
[15] G. Hetsroni, A. Mosyak, E. Pogrebnyak, and L.P. Yarin, "Heat transfer
in micro-channels: Comparison of experiments with theory and
numerical results," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,
vol. 48, pp. 5580-5601, 2005.
[16] A. Husain, and K.Y. Kim, "Optimization of a microchannel heat sink
with temperature dependent fluid properties," Applied Thermal
Engineering, vol. 28, pp. 1101-1107, 2008.
[17] S. Muniandy, and Y.M. Hung, "Analysis of streamwise conduction in
forced convection of microchannels using fin approach," Journal of
Zhejiang University - Science A, vol. 12, pp. 655-664, 2011.
[18] R.L. Hamilton, and O.K. Crosser, "Thermal conductivity of
heterogeneous two components systems," Industrial and Engineering
Chemistry Fundamentals, vol. 1, pp. 187-191, 1962.
[19] H.C. Brinkman, "The viscosity of concentrated suspension and
solutions," Journal of Chemistry Physics, vol. 20, pp. 571-581, 1952.
[20] Y. Xuan, and W. Roetzel, "Conceptions for heat transfer correlation of
nanofluids," International Journal Heat Mass Transfer, vol. 43, pp.
3701-3707, 2000.
[21] F.P. Incropera, D.P. Dewitt, T.L. Bergman, and A.S. Lavine,
"Introduction to heat transfer," 5th ed., New York: Wiley, 2007, pp.
137-145.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:50355", author = "Yew Mun Hung and Ching Sze Lim and Tiew Wei Ting and Ningqun Guo", title = "Streamwise Conduction of Nanofluidic Flow in Microchannels", abstract = "The effect of streamwise conduction on the thermal
characteristics of forced convection for nanofluidic flow in
rectangular microchannel heat sinks under isothermal wall has been
investigated. By applying the fin approach, models with and without
streamwise conduction term in the energy equation were developed
for hydrodynamically and thermally fully-developed flow. These two
models were solved to obtain closed form analytical solutions for the
nanofluid and solid wall temperature distributions and the analysis
emphasized details of the variations induced by the streamwise
conduction on the nanofluid heat transport characteristics. The effects
of the Peclet number, nanoparticle volume fraction, thermal
conductivity ratio on the thermal characteristics of forced convection
in microchannel heat sinks are analyzed. Due to the anomalous
increase in the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluid compared
to its base fluid, the effect of streamwise conduction is expected to be
more significant. This study reveals the significance of the effect of
streamwise conduction under certain conditions of which the
streamwise conduction should not be neglected in the forced
convective heat transfer analysis of microchannel heat sinks.", keywords = "fin approach, microchannel heat sink, nanofluid,
streamwise conduction", volume = "6", number = "7", pages = "1124-6", }