Statistical Optimization of Process Conditions for Disinfection of Water Using Defatted Moringa oleifera Seed Extract
In this study, statistical optimization design was used to study the optimum disinfection parameters using defatted crude Moringa oleifera seed extracts against Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacterial cells. The classical one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and response surface methodology (RSM) was used. The possible optimum range of dosage, contact time and mixing rate from the OFAT study were 25mg/l to 200mg/l, 30minutes to 240 minutes and 100rpm to 160rpm respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the statistical optimization using faced centered central composite design showed that dosage, contact time and mixing rate were highly significant. The optimum disinfection range was 125mg/l, at contact time of 30 minutes with mixing rate of 120 rpm.
[1] Musikavong, C. and S. Wattanachira, Identification of dissolved organic
matter in raw water supply from reservoirs and canals as precursors to
trihalomethanes formation. Journal of Environmental Science and
Health Part a-Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental
Engineering, 2013. 48(7): p. 760-771.
[2] Simard, S., R. Tardif and M.J. Rodriguez, Variability of chlorination byproduct
occurrence in water of indoor and outdoor swimming pools.
Water Research, 2013. 47(5): p. 1763-1772.
[3] Zhang, K.J., N.Y. Gao, Y. Deng, T.Q. Zhang and C. Li, Aqueous
chlorination of algal odorants: Reaction kinetics and formation of
disinfection by-products. Separation and Purification Technology, 2012.
92: p. 93-99.
[4] Vongsak, B., P. Sithisarn, S. Mangmool, S. Thongpraditchote, Y.
Wongkrajang and W. Gritsanapan, Maximizing total phenolics, total
flavonoids contents and antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera leaf
extract by the appropriate extraction method. Industrial Crops and
Products, 2013. 44: p. 566-571.
[5] Luqman, S., S. Srivastava, R. Kumar, A.K. Maurya and D. Chanda,
Experimental Assessment of Moringa oleifera Leaf and Fruit for Its
Antistress, Antioxidant, and Scavenging Potential Using In Vitro and In
Vivo Assays. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2012. 2012: p.
519084.
[6] Padla, E.P., L.T. Solis, R.M. Levida, C.C. Shen and C.Y. Ragasa,
Antimicrobial isothiocyanates from the seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam.
Z Naturforsch C, 2012. 67(11-12): p. 557-64.
[7] Abou-Elezz Fouad Mohammed, K., L. Sarmiento-Franco, R. Santos-
Ricalde and J.F. Solorio-Sanchez, The nutritional effect of Moringa
oleifera fresh leaves as feed supplement on Rhode Island Red hen egg
production and quality. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2012.
44(5): p. 1035-40.
[8] Posmontier, B., The medicinal qualities of Moringa oleifera. Holist Nurs
Pract, 2011. 25(2): p. 80-7.
[9] Muyibi, S.A., Saad A. Abass, Megat Johari M. M. Noor and F.R.
Ahmadun, Enhanced coagulation efficiency of moringa oleifera seeds
through selective oil extraction. IIUM ENGINEERING JOURNAL,
2003. 4(1): p. 1-11.
[10] Luz, L.D., M.C. Silva, R.D. Ferreira, L.A. Santana, R.A. Silva-Lucca, R.
Mentele, M.L. Oliva, P.M. Paiva and L.C. Coelho, Structural
characterization of coagulant Moringa oleifera Lectin and its effect on
hemostatic parameters. Int J Biol Macromol, 2013.
[11] Mohammad, T.A., E.H. Mohamed, M.J.M.M. Noor and A.H. Ghazali,
Coagulation activity of spray dried salt extracted Moringa oleifera.
Desalination and Water Treatment, 2013. 51(7-9): p. 1941-1946.
[12] Franco, M., G.K.E. Silva and J.E.S. Paterniani, Water Treatment by
Multistage Filtration System with Natural Coagulant from Moringa
Oleifera Seeds. Engenharia Agricola, 2012. 32(5): p. 988-996.
[13] Beltran-Heredia, J., J. Sanchez-Martin, A. Munoz-Serrano and J.A.
Peres, Towards overcoming TOC increase in wastewater treated with
Moringa oleifera seed extract. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2012.
188: p. 40-46.
[14] Ferreira, R.S., T.H. Napoleao, A.F. Santos, R.A. Sa, M.G. Carneiro-da-
Cunha, M.M. Morais, R.A. Silva-Lucca, M.L. Oliva, L.C. Coelho and
P.M. Paiva, Coagulant and antibacterial activities of the water-soluble
seed lectin from Moringa oleifera. Letters in Applied Microbiology,
2011. 53(2): p. 186-92.
[15] Madrona, G.S., G.B. Serpelloni, A.M.S. Vieira, L. Nishi, K.C. Cardoso
and R. Bergamasco, Study of the Effect of Saline Solution on the
Extraction of the Moringa oleifera Seed's Active Component for Water
Treatment. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 2010. 211(1-4): p. 409-415.
[16] Suarez, M., J.M. Entenza, C. Doerries, E. Meyer, L. Bourquin, J.
Sutherland, I. Marison, P. Moreillon and N. Mermod, Expression of a
plant-derived peptide harboring water-cleaning and antimicrobial
activities. Biotechnol Bioeng, 2003. 81(1): p. 13-20.
[17] Oluduro, O.A., B.I. Aderiye, J.D. Connolly, E.T. Akintayo and O.
Famurewa, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of 4-(beta-DGlucopyranosyl-
1 -> 4-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy)-benzyl
thiocarboxamide; a Novel Bioactive Compound from Moringa oleifera
Seed Extract. Folia Microbiologica, 2010. 55(5): p. 422-426.
[18] Anwar, F., S. Latif, M. Ashraf and A.H. Gilani, Moringa oleifera: a food
plant with multiple medicinal uses. Phytotherapy Research, 2007. 21(1):
p. 17-25.
[19] Idris, A.M., S.A. Muyibi, M.A.k. Ismail, P. Jamal, M.H. Salleh and S.
Jami, Investigating antibacterial activity of defatted moringa oleifera
seed extract on selected gram-negative and gram-positive microbes.
International journal of Academic Research, 2013. 5(1): p. 101-106.
[20] Viera, G.H., J.A. Mourao, A.M. Angelo, R.A. Costa and R.H. Vieira,
Antibacterial effect (in vitro) of Moringa oleifera and Annona muricata
against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Rev Inst Med Trop
Sao Paulo, 2010. 52(3): p. 129-32.
[21] Bichi, M.H., J.C. Agunwamba and S.A. Muyibi, Optimization of
operating conditions for the application of Moringa oleifera (zogale)
seed extract in water disinfection using response surface methodology.
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2012. 11(92): p. 15875-15887.
[22] Metcalf and Eddy, Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse. 4 ed.
2004, Singapore: McGraw Hill. 1818.
[23] Salihu, A., M.Z. Alam, M.I. AbdulKarim and H.M. Salleh, Effect of
process parameters on lipase production by Candida cylindracea in
stirred tank bioreactor using renewable palm oil mill effluent based
medium. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B-Enzymatic, 2011. 72(3-4): p.
187-192.
[24] Salihu, A., M.Z. Alam, M.I. AbdulKarim and H.M. Salleh, Optimization
of lipase production by Candida cylindracea in palm oil mill effluent
based medium using statistical experimental design. Journal of
Molecular Catalysis B-Enzymatic, 2011. 69(1-2): p. 66-73.
[1] Musikavong, C. and S. Wattanachira, Identification of dissolved organic
matter in raw water supply from reservoirs and canals as precursors to
trihalomethanes formation. Journal of Environmental Science and
Health Part a-Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental
Engineering, 2013. 48(7): p. 760-771.
[2] Simard, S., R. Tardif and M.J. Rodriguez, Variability of chlorination byproduct
occurrence in water of indoor and outdoor swimming pools.
Water Research, 2013. 47(5): p. 1763-1772.
[3] Zhang, K.J., N.Y. Gao, Y. Deng, T.Q. Zhang and C. Li, Aqueous
chlorination of algal odorants: Reaction kinetics and formation of
disinfection by-products. Separation and Purification Technology, 2012.
92: p. 93-99.
[4] Vongsak, B., P. Sithisarn, S. Mangmool, S. Thongpraditchote, Y.
Wongkrajang and W. Gritsanapan, Maximizing total phenolics, total
flavonoids contents and antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera leaf
extract by the appropriate extraction method. Industrial Crops and
Products, 2013. 44: p. 566-571.
[5] Luqman, S., S. Srivastava, R. Kumar, A.K. Maurya and D. Chanda,
Experimental Assessment of Moringa oleifera Leaf and Fruit for Its
Antistress, Antioxidant, and Scavenging Potential Using In Vitro and In
Vivo Assays. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2012. 2012: p.
519084.
[6] Padla, E.P., L.T. Solis, R.M. Levida, C.C. Shen and C.Y. Ragasa,
Antimicrobial isothiocyanates from the seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam.
Z Naturforsch C, 2012. 67(11-12): p. 557-64.
[7] Abou-Elezz Fouad Mohammed, K., L. Sarmiento-Franco, R. Santos-
Ricalde and J.F. Solorio-Sanchez, The nutritional effect of Moringa
oleifera fresh leaves as feed supplement on Rhode Island Red hen egg
production and quality. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2012.
44(5): p. 1035-40.
[8] Posmontier, B., The medicinal qualities of Moringa oleifera. Holist Nurs
Pract, 2011. 25(2): p. 80-7.
[9] Muyibi, S.A., Saad A. Abass, Megat Johari M. M. Noor and F.R.
Ahmadun, Enhanced coagulation efficiency of moringa oleifera seeds
through selective oil extraction. IIUM ENGINEERING JOURNAL,
2003. 4(1): p. 1-11.
[10] Luz, L.D., M.C. Silva, R.D. Ferreira, L.A. Santana, R.A. Silva-Lucca, R.
Mentele, M.L. Oliva, P.M. Paiva and L.C. Coelho, Structural
characterization of coagulant Moringa oleifera Lectin and its effect on
hemostatic parameters. Int J Biol Macromol, 2013.
[11] Mohammad, T.A., E.H. Mohamed, M.J.M.M. Noor and A.H. Ghazali,
Coagulation activity of spray dried salt extracted Moringa oleifera.
Desalination and Water Treatment, 2013. 51(7-9): p. 1941-1946.
[12] Franco, M., G.K.E. Silva and J.E.S. Paterniani, Water Treatment by
Multistage Filtration System with Natural Coagulant from Moringa
Oleifera Seeds. Engenharia Agricola, 2012. 32(5): p. 988-996.
[13] Beltran-Heredia, J., J. Sanchez-Martin, A. Munoz-Serrano and J.A.
Peres, Towards overcoming TOC increase in wastewater treated with
Moringa oleifera seed extract. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2012.
188: p. 40-46.
[14] Ferreira, R.S., T.H. Napoleao, A.F. Santos, R.A. Sa, M.G. Carneiro-da-
Cunha, M.M. Morais, R.A. Silva-Lucca, M.L. Oliva, L.C. Coelho and
P.M. Paiva, Coagulant and antibacterial activities of the water-soluble
seed lectin from Moringa oleifera. Letters in Applied Microbiology,
2011. 53(2): p. 186-92.
[15] Madrona, G.S., G.B. Serpelloni, A.M.S. Vieira, L. Nishi, K.C. Cardoso
and R. Bergamasco, Study of the Effect of Saline Solution on the
Extraction of the Moringa oleifera Seed's Active Component for Water
Treatment. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 2010. 211(1-4): p. 409-415.
[16] Suarez, M., J.M. Entenza, C. Doerries, E. Meyer, L. Bourquin, J.
Sutherland, I. Marison, P. Moreillon and N. Mermod, Expression of a
plant-derived peptide harboring water-cleaning and antimicrobial
activities. Biotechnol Bioeng, 2003. 81(1): p. 13-20.
[17] Oluduro, O.A., B.I. Aderiye, J.D. Connolly, E.T. Akintayo and O.
Famurewa, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of 4-(beta-DGlucopyranosyl-
1 -> 4-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy)-benzyl
thiocarboxamide; a Novel Bioactive Compound from Moringa oleifera
Seed Extract. Folia Microbiologica, 2010. 55(5): p. 422-426.
[18] Anwar, F., S. Latif, M. Ashraf and A.H. Gilani, Moringa oleifera: a food
plant with multiple medicinal uses. Phytotherapy Research, 2007. 21(1):
p. 17-25.
[19] Idris, A.M., S.A. Muyibi, M.A.k. Ismail, P. Jamal, M.H. Salleh and S.
Jami, Investigating antibacterial activity of defatted moringa oleifera
seed extract on selected gram-negative and gram-positive microbes.
International journal of Academic Research, 2013. 5(1): p. 101-106.
[20] Viera, G.H., J.A. Mourao, A.M. Angelo, R.A. Costa and R.H. Vieira,
Antibacterial effect (in vitro) of Moringa oleifera and Annona muricata
against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Rev Inst Med Trop
Sao Paulo, 2010. 52(3): p. 129-32.
[21] Bichi, M.H., J.C. Agunwamba and S.A. Muyibi, Optimization of
operating conditions for the application of Moringa oleifera (zogale)
seed extract in water disinfection using response surface methodology.
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2012. 11(92): p. 15875-15887.
[22] Metcalf and Eddy, Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse. 4 ed.
2004, Singapore: McGraw Hill. 1818.
[23] Salihu, A., M.Z. Alam, M.I. AbdulKarim and H.M. Salleh, Effect of
process parameters on lipase production by Candida cylindracea in
stirred tank bioreactor using renewable palm oil mill effluent based
medium. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B-Enzymatic, 2011. 72(3-4): p.
187-192.
[24] Salihu, A., M.Z. Alam, M.I. AbdulKarim and H.M. Salleh, Optimization
of lipase production by Candida cylindracea in palm oil mill effluent
based medium using statistical experimental design. Journal of
Molecular Catalysis B-Enzymatic, 2011. 69(1-2): p. 66-73.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:65118", author = "Suleyman A. Muyibi and Munirat and A. Idris and Saedi Jami and Parveen Jamal and Mohd Ismail Abdul Karim", title = "Statistical Optimization of Process Conditions for Disinfection of Water Using Defatted Moringa oleifera Seed Extract", abstract = "In this study, statistical optimization design was used to study the optimum disinfection parameters using defatted crude Moringa oleifera seed extracts against Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacterial cells. The classical one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and response surface methodology (RSM) was used. The possible optimum range of dosage, contact time and mixing rate from the OFAT study were 25mg/l to 200mg/l, 30minutes to 240 minutes and 100rpm to 160rpm respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the statistical optimization using faced centered central composite design showed that dosage, contact time and mixing rate were highly significant. The optimum disinfection range was 125mg/l, at contact time of 30 minutes with mixing rate of 120 rpm.
", keywords = "E.coli, disinfection, Moringa oleifera, response surface methodology. ", volume = "7", number = "9", pages = "628-6", }
