Sedimentological Study of Bivalve Fossils Site Locality in Hong Hoi Formation, Lampang, Thailand
Hong Hoi Formation is a Middle Triassic deep marine succession presented in outcrops throughout the Lampang Basin of northern Thailand. The primary goal of this research is to diagnose the paleoenvironment, petrographic compositions, and sedimentary sources of the Hong Hoi Formation in Ban Huat, Ngao District. The Triassic Hong Hoi Formation is chosen because the outcrops are continuous and fossils are greatly exposed and abundant. Depositional environment is reconstructed through sedimentological studies along with facies analysis. The Hong Hoi Formation is petrographically divided into two major facies, they are: sandstones with mudstone interbeds, and mudstones or shale with sandstone interbeds. Sandstone beds are lithic arenite and lithic greywacke, volcanic lithic fragments are dominated. Sedimentary structures, paleocurrent data and lithofacies arrangement indicate that the formation deposited in a part of deep marine abyssal plain environment. The sedimentological and petrographic features suggest that during the deposition the Hong Hoi Formation received sediment supply from nearby volcanic arc. This suggested that the intensive volcanic activity within the Sukhothai Arc during the Middle Triassic is the main sediment source.
[1] K. Ueno, “Gondwana/Tethys divide in east Asia: solution from Late Paleozoic foraminiferal paleobiogeography,” in B. Ratanasthien and S. L. Rieb, Eds., Proceedings of the International Symposium on Shallow Tethys 5,Chiang Mai, Thailand. Department of Geological Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 1999, pp. 45-54.
[2] K. Ueno and K. Hisada, “Closure of the Paleo-Tethys caused by the collision of Indochina and Sibumasu,” Chikyu Monthly, vol. 21, pp. 832-839, 1999.
[3] M. Sone and I. Metcalfe, “Parallel Tethyan sutures in mainland South-east Asia: new insights for Palaeo-Tethys closure and implications for the Indosinian orogeny,” Comptes Rendus Geoscience, vol. 340, pp. 166-179, 2008.
[4] P. Chaodumrong, “Stratigraphy, sedimentology and tectonic setting of the Lampang Group, central north Thailand,” (Doctoral dissertation, University of Tasmania), 230 p.
[5] H. Hara, M. Kunii, Y. Miyake, K. Hisada, Y. Kamata, K. Ueno, Y. Kon, T. Kurihara, H. Ueda, S. Assavapatchara, A. Treerotchananon, T. Charoentitirat, and P. Charusiri, “Sandstone provenance and U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from Permian-Triassic forearc sediments within the Sukhothai Arc, northern Thailand: record of volcanic-arc evolution in response to Paleo-Tethys subduction,” Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, vol. 146, pp. 30-55, 2017.
[6] C. Chonglakmani, “Triassic system,” in The Geology of Thailand, M. F. Ridd, A.T. Barber, and M. J. Crow, Eds. Geological Society, London, 2011, pp.137–150.
[7] P. Charusiri, C. Chonglakmani, V. Daorerk, S. Supananthi, and S. Imasmut, “Detailed stratigraphy of the Ban Thasi area, Lampang, northern Thailand: implications for paleoenvironments and tectonic history,” Proceedings of the International Symposium on Stratigraphic Correlation of Southeast Asia, Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, 1994, pp. 226-244.
[8] Y. Kamata, K. Ueno, A. Miyahigashi, H. Hara, K. I. Hisada, T. Charoentitirat, and P. Charusiri, “Geologihcal significance of the discovery of Middle Triassic (Ladinian) radiolarians from the Hong Hoi Formation of the Lampang Group, Sukhothai Zone, northern Thailand,” Revue de Micropaléontologie, vol. 59(4), pp. 347-358, 2016.
[9] K. Pitakpaivan, “Fusulines of the Rat Buri Limestone of Thailand,” Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, vol. 17, pp. 3-69, 1965.
[10] Department of Mineral Resources, “Geological Map of Lampang Area,” Scale 1:250,000, Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, Thailand, 2006.
[11] A. H. Bouma, “Sedimentology of some flysch deposits: a graphic approach to facies interpretation,” Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1962, 168 p.
[12] R. G. Walker, “Deep-water sandstone facies and ancient submarine fans: models for exploration for stratigraphic traps,” American Association Petroleum Geologist Bulletin, vol. 62, pp. 932-966, 1978.
[13] D. R. Lowe, “Sediment gravity flows: II, Depositional models with special reference to the deposits of high-density turbidity currents”, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, vol. 52, pp. 279-297, 1982.
[14] F. J. Pettijohn, “Sedimentary rocks,” 3rd ed. Harper and Row, New York, 1975, 628 p.
[15] W. R. Dickinson, L. S. Beard, G. R. Brakenridge, J. L. Erjavec, R. C. Ferguson, K. F. Inman, R. A. Knepp, F. A. Lindberg, and P. T. Ryberg, “Provenance of North American Phanerozoic sandstones in relation to tectonic setting,” Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. Vol. 94, pp. 222–235, 1983.
[16] W.R. Dickinson, “Interpreting provenance relations from detrital modes of sandstones,” in: G. G. Zuffa, (Ed.), “Provenance of Arenites,” NATO ASI Series C, vol. 148. Reidel, Dordrecht, pp. 333–361, 1985.
[17] C. Chonglakmani and J. A. Grant-Mackie, J.A., “Biostratigraphy and facies variation of the marine Triassic sequences in Thailand,” in: T. Thanasuthipitak, (Ed.), International Symposium on Biostratigraphy of Mainland SoutheastAsia: Facies and Paleontology (BIOSEA), Chiang Mai, Thailand, vol. 1, pp. 97-123, 1993.
[18] M. Aberhan, “Guild-structure and evolution of Mesozoic benthic shelf communities,” Palaios, pp. 516-545, 1994.
[19] W. Oschmann, “Environmental oxygen fluctuations and the adaptive response of marine benthic organisms,” Journal of the Geological Society, vol. 150, London, pp. 178-199, 1993.
[20] P. B. Wignall, “Black shales,” Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics, vol. 30, 1994, pp. 1-127.
[21] W. Schatz, “Palaeoecology of the Triassic black shale bivalve Daonella-new insights into an old controversy,” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol. 216 (3-4), pp. 189-201, 2005.
[1] K. Ueno, “Gondwana/Tethys divide in east Asia: solution from Late Paleozoic foraminiferal paleobiogeography,” in B. Ratanasthien and S. L. Rieb, Eds., Proceedings of the International Symposium on Shallow Tethys 5,Chiang Mai, Thailand. Department of Geological Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 1999, pp. 45-54.
[2] K. Ueno and K. Hisada, “Closure of the Paleo-Tethys caused by the collision of Indochina and Sibumasu,” Chikyu Monthly, vol. 21, pp. 832-839, 1999.
[3] M. Sone and I. Metcalfe, “Parallel Tethyan sutures in mainland South-east Asia: new insights for Palaeo-Tethys closure and implications for the Indosinian orogeny,” Comptes Rendus Geoscience, vol. 340, pp. 166-179, 2008.
[4] P. Chaodumrong, “Stratigraphy, sedimentology and tectonic setting of the Lampang Group, central north Thailand,” (Doctoral dissertation, University of Tasmania), 230 p.
[5] H. Hara, M. Kunii, Y. Miyake, K. Hisada, Y. Kamata, K. Ueno, Y. Kon, T. Kurihara, H. Ueda, S. Assavapatchara, A. Treerotchananon, T. Charoentitirat, and P. Charusiri, “Sandstone provenance and U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from Permian-Triassic forearc sediments within the Sukhothai Arc, northern Thailand: record of volcanic-arc evolution in response to Paleo-Tethys subduction,” Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, vol. 146, pp. 30-55, 2017.
[6] C. Chonglakmani, “Triassic system,” in The Geology of Thailand, M. F. Ridd, A.T. Barber, and M. J. Crow, Eds. Geological Society, London, 2011, pp.137–150.
[7] P. Charusiri, C. Chonglakmani, V. Daorerk, S. Supananthi, and S. Imasmut, “Detailed stratigraphy of the Ban Thasi area, Lampang, northern Thailand: implications for paleoenvironments and tectonic history,” Proceedings of the International Symposium on Stratigraphic Correlation of Southeast Asia, Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, 1994, pp. 226-244.
[8] Y. Kamata, K. Ueno, A. Miyahigashi, H. Hara, K. I. Hisada, T. Charoentitirat, and P. Charusiri, “Geologihcal significance of the discovery of Middle Triassic (Ladinian) radiolarians from the Hong Hoi Formation of the Lampang Group, Sukhothai Zone, northern Thailand,” Revue de Micropaléontologie, vol. 59(4), pp. 347-358, 2016.
[9] K. Pitakpaivan, “Fusulines of the Rat Buri Limestone of Thailand,” Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, vol. 17, pp. 3-69, 1965.
[10] Department of Mineral Resources, “Geological Map of Lampang Area,” Scale 1:250,000, Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, Thailand, 2006.
[11] A. H. Bouma, “Sedimentology of some flysch deposits: a graphic approach to facies interpretation,” Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1962, 168 p.
[12] R. G. Walker, “Deep-water sandstone facies and ancient submarine fans: models for exploration for stratigraphic traps,” American Association Petroleum Geologist Bulletin, vol. 62, pp. 932-966, 1978.
[13] D. R. Lowe, “Sediment gravity flows: II, Depositional models with special reference to the deposits of high-density turbidity currents”, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, vol. 52, pp. 279-297, 1982.
[14] F. J. Pettijohn, “Sedimentary rocks,” 3rd ed. Harper and Row, New York, 1975, 628 p.
[15] W. R. Dickinson, L. S. Beard, G. R. Brakenridge, J. L. Erjavec, R. C. Ferguson, K. F. Inman, R. A. Knepp, F. A. Lindberg, and P. T. Ryberg, “Provenance of North American Phanerozoic sandstones in relation to tectonic setting,” Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. Vol. 94, pp. 222–235, 1983.
[16] W.R. Dickinson, “Interpreting provenance relations from detrital modes of sandstones,” in: G. G. Zuffa, (Ed.), “Provenance of Arenites,” NATO ASI Series C, vol. 148. Reidel, Dordrecht, pp. 333–361, 1985.
[17] C. Chonglakmani and J. A. Grant-Mackie, J.A., “Biostratigraphy and facies variation of the marine Triassic sequences in Thailand,” in: T. Thanasuthipitak, (Ed.), International Symposium on Biostratigraphy of Mainland SoutheastAsia: Facies and Paleontology (BIOSEA), Chiang Mai, Thailand, vol. 1, pp. 97-123, 1993.
[18] M. Aberhan, “Guild-structure and evolution of Mesozoic benthic shelf communities,” Palaios, pp. 516-545, 1994.
[19] W. Oschmann, “Environmental oxygen fluctuations and the adaptive response of marine benthic organisms,” Journal of the Geological Society, vol. 150, London, pp. 178-199, 1993.
[20] P. B. Wignall, “Black shales,” Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics, vol. 30, 1994, pp. 1-127.
[21] W. Schatz, “Palaeoecology of the Triassic black shale bivalve Daonella-new insights into an old controversy,” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol. 216 (3-4), pp. 189-201, 2005.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:79237", author = "Kritsada Moonpa and Kannipa Motanated and Weerapan Srichan", title = "Sedimentological Study of Bivalve Fossils Site Locality in Hong Hoi Formation, Lampang, Thailand", abstract = "Hong Hoi Formation is a Middle Triassic deep marine succession presented in outcrops throughout the Lampang Basin of northern Thailand. The primary goal of this research is to diagnose the paleoenvironment, petrographic compositions, and sedimentary sources of the Hong Hoi Formation in Ban Huat, Ngao District. The Triassic Hong Hoi Formation is chosen because the outcrops are continuous and fossils are greatly exposed and abundant. Depositional environment is reconstructed through sedimentological studies along with facies analysis. The Hong Hoi Formation is petrographically divided into two major facies, they are: sandstones with mudstone interbeds, and mudstones or shale with sandstone interbeds. Sandstone beds are lithic arenite and lithic greywacke, volcanic lithic fragments are dominated. Sedimentary structures, paleocurrent data and lithofacies arrangement indicate that the formation deposited in a part of deep marine abyssal plain environment. The sedimentological and petrographic features suggest that during the deposition the Hong Hoi Formation received sediment supply from nearby volcanic arc. This suggested that the intensive volcanic activity within the Sukhothai Arc during the Middle Triassic is the main sediment source.
", keywords = "Sukhothai Zone, petrography, Hong Hoi Formation, Lampang, Triassic.", volume = "13", number = "10", pages = "624-6", }
