Phytochemical Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Selected Indigenous Vegetables in Northern Mindanao, Philippines
The crude methanol extracts of five indigenous vegetables namely, Amarathus tricolor, Basella rubra L., Chochurus olitorius L., Ipomea batatas, and Momordica chuchinensis L., were examined for their phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. The values for DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 7.6-89.53% with B. rubra and I. batatas having the lowest and highest values, respectively. The total flavonoid content of all five indigenous vegetables ranged from 74.65-277.3 mg quercetin equivalent per gram of dried vegetable material while the total phenolic content ranged from 1.93-6.15 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram dried material. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates and reducing sugars, which may also be associated with the antioxidant activity shown by these indigenous vegetables.
[1] Gueco, L. S, Sato, T.; Engle, L. M.; Altoveros, N. C. (2003) Evaluation
of selected indigenous vegetables for antioxidant activity. (Univ. Los
Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines). Inst. of Plant Breeding) Scientific
Conference of the Federation of Crop Science Societies of the
Philippines, Banga, Aklan (Philippines), 22-25 Apr 2003. Retrieved
from http://agris.fao.org/agris dated October 2012.
[2] Johnson, G. I., Weinberger, K., Wu, M. H. 2008. The Vegetable
Industry in Tropical Asia: An overview of production and trade, with a
focus on Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam, and India (CDROM).
Shanhua, Taiwan: AVRDC – The World Vegetable Center. 56
pp. (Explorations series; no.1).
[3] Lirio, L. G.; Ayyokad, L. O.; Paing, J. N., Indigenous vegetables for
better health and food security Benguet State Univ., La Trinidad,
Benguet (Philippines). Semi Temperate Vegetables Research and
Development Center. Philippine Journal of Crop Science. 0115-463X,
32 (Supplement no. 1) p. 126.
[4] Garcia, V. V.; Magpantay, T. O.; Escobin, L. D. Antioxidants potential
of selected Philippine vegetables and fruits. (Univ. Los Baños, Laguna
(Philippines). Inst. of Food Science and Technology) Philippine
Agricultural Scientist.0031-7454.v.88 (1) p.78-83.
[5] Harborne JB (1998). Phytochemical Methods. Chapman and Hall,
London.
[6] Peteros, N., Uy M., Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and
phytochemical screening of four Philippine medicinal plants, Journal of
Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 4(5), pp. 407-414, 4 March, 2010.
[7] Dudonne S, Vitrac S, Coutiere P, Woillez M, Merillon JM (2009).
Comparative study of antioxidant properties and total phenolic content
of 30 plant extracts of industrial interest using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP,
SOD and ORAC assays. J. Agric. Food Chem. 57: 1768-1774...
[8] Mga Katutubong Gulay: ALugbati. 1999 Information Bulletin No. 164.
Plant Resources of Southeast Asia (PROSEA) Leaflet No. 82.
PCARRD, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines. p.
[9] Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources
Research and Development (PCARRD) Technoguide 1985. Indigenous
vegetable.
[10] Backyard Gardening Technoguide, Philippine Council for Agriculture,
Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD).
P.69.
[11] Sun H, Mu T, Xi L, Zhang M, Chen J. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas
L.) leaves as nutritional and functional foods. Food Chem. 2014 Aug 1;
156: 380-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.01.079. Epub 2014 Feb 5.
[12] Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources
Research and Development (PCARRD) Technoguide 1985. Indigenous
vegetable.
[13] Zomlefer, W. B. 1994. Guide to flowering plant families. University of
North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
[14] Hanane El Hajaji, Nadya Lachkar, Katim Alaoui, Yahya Cherrah,
Abdellah Farah, Abdesslam Ennabili, Brahim El Bali and Mohammed
Lachkar. Antioxidant Properties and Total Phenolic Content of Three
Varieties of Carob Tree Leaves from Morocco. Records of Natural
Products, Volume 4, Issue 4 (2010).
[15] A. K. Goyal, S. K. Middha and A. Sen. (2012).Evaluation of the DPPH
Radical Scavenging Activity, Total Phenols and Antioxidant activities in
Indian wild Bambusa vulgaris “Vittata” Methanolic leaf Extract. Journal
of Natural Pharmaceuticals, Volume 1, Issue 1, Oct.-
Dec.2010.Retrieved from www.jnatpharm.orgdated September, 2012
[16] Prohp, T. P., and Onoagbe, I. O. (2012). Determination of
phytochemical composition of the stem bark of Triplochiton scleroxylon
K. schum. (Sterculiaceae). International Journal of Applied Biology and
Pharmaceutical Technology. Volume 3, Issue 2. Pp. 68-76.
[17] Rievere C, Van Nguyen TH, Pieters L, Dejaegher B, Heyden YV, Minh
CV, Quetin-Leclercq J (2009). Polyphenols isolated from antiradical
extracts of Mallotus metcalfianus. Phytochemistry 70: 86-94.
[18] Adekunle AA, Ikumapayi AM (2006). Antifungal Property and
Phytochemical Screening of the Crude Extracts of Funtumia elastica and
Mallotus oppositifolius. West Indian Med. J. 55(6): 219-223.
[19] Robards, K.; Prernzler, P. D.; Tucker, G.; Swatsitang, P.; Glover, W.
Phenolic compounds and their role in oxidative processes in fruits. Food
Chem. 1999, 66, 401–436.
[20] Rice-Evans C, Miller N, Paganga G (1997). Antioxidant properties of
phenolic compounds. Trends Plant Sci., 2: 152-159.
[21] Escarpa, A.; Gonza´lez, M.C. Approach to the content of total
extractable phenolic compounds from different food samples by
comparison of chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods. Anal.
Chim. Acta 2001, 427, 119–127.
[22] Singleton, V.L.; Orthofer, R.; Lamuela-Raventos, R.M. Analysis of total
phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of
Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Method Enzymol. 1999, 29, 152–178.
[23] Babbar, N.; Oberoi, H.S.; Uppal, D.S.; Patil, R.T. Total phenolic content
and antioxidant capacity of extracts obtained from six important fruit
residues. Food Res. Intern. 2011, 44, 391–396.
[24] Nunes PX, Silva SF, Guedes RJ, Almeida S. Biological oxidations and
antioxidant activity of natural products, Phytochemicals as
nutraceuticals - Global Approaches to Their Role in Nutrition and
Health. 2012.
[25] Bravo L. Polyphenols: chemistry, dietary sources, metabolism and
nutritional significance. Nutr Reviews. 1998; 56: 317–333.
[26] Seow-Mun Hue, Amru Nasrulhaq Boyce and Chandran Somasundram.
Antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid contents in the leaves of
different varieties of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Australian Journal
of Crop Science. AJCS 6(3):375-380 (2012).
[27] Ghasemzadeh A, Jaafar HZE, Rahmat A (2010c). Elevated
carbondioxide increases contents of flavonoids and phenolic
compounds, and antioxidant activities in Malaysian young ginger
(Zingiber officinale Roscoe.) varieties. Mol., 15(11): 7907-7922.
[28] Molyneux P (2003). The use of the stable free radical
diphenylpicrylhydrazy (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity.
Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 26(2): 211- 219.
[29] Brand-Williams W, Cuevelier ME, Berset C (1995). Use of a free
radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Lebensm. Wiss. UTechnol.
28: 25-30.
[30] Yang RY, Tsou SCS, Lee TC, Hanson PM, Lai PY (2005) Antioxidant
Capacities and Daily Antioxidant Intake from Vegetables Consumed in
Taiwan. Paper presented at the Symposium on Taiwan-America
Agricultural Cooperative Projects, Taipei, Taiwan, and 15th November
2005.
[1] Gueco, L. S, Sato, T.; Engle, L. M.; Altoveros, N. C. (2003) Evaluation
of selected indigenous vegetables for antioxidant activity. (Univ. Los
Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines). Inst. of Plant Breeding) Scientific
Conference of the Federation of Crop Science Societies of the
Philippines, Banga, Aklan (Philippines), 22-25 Apr 2003. Retrieved
from http://agris.fao.org/agris dated October 2012.
[2] Johnson, G. I., Weinberger, K., Wu, M. H. 2008. The Vegetable
Industry in Tropical Asia: An overview of production and trade, with a
focus on Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam, and India (CDROM).
Shanhua, Taiwan: AVRDC – The World Vegetable Center. 56
pp. (Explorations series; no.1).
[3] Lirio, L. G.; Ayyokad, L. O.; Paing, J. N., Indigenous vegetables for
better health and food security Benguet State Univ., La Trinidad,
Benguet (Philippines). Semi Temperate Vegetables Research and
Development Center. Philippine Journal of Crop Science. 0115-463X,
32 (Supplement no. 1) p. 126.
[4] Garcia, V. V.; Magpantay, T. O.; Escobin, L. D. Antioxidants potential
of selected Philippine vegetables and fruits. (Univ. Los Baños, Laguna
(Philippines). Inst. of Food Science and Technology) Philippine
Agricultural Scientist.0031-7454.v.88 (1) p.78-83.
[5] Harborne JB (1998). Phytochemical Methods. Chapman and Hall,
London.
[6] Peteros, N., Uy M., Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and
phytochemical screening of four Philippine medicinal plants, Journal of
Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 4(5), pp. 407-414, 4 March, 2010.
[7] Dudonne S, Vitrac S, Coutiere P, Woillez M, Merillon JM (2009).
Comparative study of antioxidant properties and total phenolic content
of 30 plant extracts of industrial interest using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP,
SOD and ORAC assays. J. Agric. Food Chem. 57: 1768-1774...
[8] Mga Katutubong Gulay: ALugbati. 1999 Information Bulletin No. 164.
Plant Resources of Southeast Asia (PROSEA) Leaflet No. 82.
PCARRD, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines. p.
[9] Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources
Research and Development (PCARRD) Technoguide 1985. Indigenous
vegetable.
[10] Backyard Gardening Technoguide, Philippine Council for Agriculture,
Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD).
P.69.
[11] Sun H, Mu T, Xi L, Zhang M, Chen J. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas
L.) leaves as nutritional and functional foods. Food Chem. 2014 Aug 1;
156: 380-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.01.079. Epub 2014 Feb 5.
[12] Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources
Research and Development (PCARRD) Technoguide 1985. Indigenous
vegetable.
[13] Zomlefer, W. B. 1994. Guide to flowering plant families. University of
North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
[14] Hanane El Hajaji, Nadya Lachkar, Katim Alaoui, Yahya Cherrah,
Abdellah Farah, Abdesslam Ennabili, Brahim El Bali and Mohammed
Lachkar. Antioxidant Properties and Total Phenolic Content of Three
Varieties of Carob Tree Leaves from Morocco. Records of Natural
Products, Volume 4, Issue 4 (2010).
[15] A. K. Goyal, S. K. Middha and A. Sen. (2012).Evaluation of the DPPH
Radical Scavenging Activity, Total Phenols and Antioxidant activities in
Indian wild Bambusa vulgaris “Vittata” Methanolic leaf Extract. Journal
of Natural Pharmaceuticals, Volume 1, Issue 1, Oct.-
Dec.2010.Retrieved from www.jnatpharm.orgdated September, 2012
[16] Prohp, T. P., and Onoagbe, I. O. (2012). Determination of
phytochemical composition of the stem bark of Triplochiton scleroxylon
K. schum. (Sterculiaceae). International Journal of Applied Biology and
Pharmaceutical Technology. Volume 3, Issue 2. Pp. 68-76.
[17] Rievere C, Van Nguyen TH, Pieters L, Dejaegher B, Heyden YV, Minh
CV, Quetin-Leclercq J (2009). Polyphenols isolated from antiradical
extracts of Mallotus metcalfianus. Phytochemistry 70: 86-94.
[18] Adekunle AA, Ikumapayi AM (2006). Antifungal Property and
Phytochemical Screening of the Crude Extracts of Funtumia elastica and
Mallotus oppositifolius. West Indian Med. J. 55(6): 219-223.
[19] Robards, K.; Prernzler, P. D.; Tucker, G.; Swatsitang, P.; Glover, W.
Phenolic compounds and their role in oxidative processes in fruits. Food
Chem. 1999, 66, 401–436.
[20] Rice-Evans C, Miller N, Paganga G (1997). Antioxidant properties of
phenolic compounds. Trends Plant Sci., 2: 152-159.
[21] Escarpa, A.; Gonza´lez, M.C. Approach to the content of total
extractable phenolic compounds from different food samples by
comparison of chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods. Anal.
Chim. Acta 2001, 427, 119–127.
[22] Singleton, V.L.; Orthofer, R.; Lamuela-Raventos, R.M. Analysis of total
phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of
Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Method Enzymol. 1999, 29, 152–178.
[23] Babbar, N.; Oberoi, H.S.; Uppal, D.S.; Patil, R.T. Total phenolic content
and antioxidant capacity of extracts obtained from six important fruit
residues. Food Res. Intern. 2011, 44, 391–396.
[24] Nunes PX, Silva SF, Guedes RJ, Almeida S. Biological oxidations and
antioxidant activity of natural products, Phytochemicals as
nutraceuticals - Global Approaches to Their Role in Nutrition and
Health. 2012.
[25] Bravo L. Polyphenols: chemistry, dietary sources, metabolism and
nutritional significance. Nutr Reviews. 1998; 56: 317–333.
[26] Seow-Mun Hue, Amru Nasrulhaq Boyce and Chandran Somasundram.
Antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid contents in the leaves of
different varieties of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Australian Journal
of Crop Science. AJCS 6(3):375-380 (2012).
[27] Ghasemzadeh A, Jaafar HZE, Rahmat A (2010c). Elevated
carbondioxide increases contents of flavonoids and phenolic
compounds, and antioxidant activities in Malaysian young ginger
(Zingiber officinale Roscoe.) varieties. Mol., 15(11): 7907-7922.
[28] Molyneux P (2003). The use of the stable free radical
diphenylpicrylhydrazy (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity.
Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 26(2): 211- 219.
[29] Brand-Williams W, Cuevelier ME, Berset C (1995). Use of a free
radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Lebensm. Wiss. UTechnol.
28: 25-30.
[30] Yang RY, Tsou SCS, Lee TC, Hanson PM, Lai PY (2005) Antioxidant
Capacities and Daily Antioxidant Intake from Vegetables Consumed in
Taiwan. Paper presented at the Symposium on Taiwan-America
Agricultural Cooperative Projects, Taipei, Taiwan, and 15th November
2005.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:70323", author = "Renee P. Baang and Romeo M. Del Rosario and Nenita D. Palmes", title = "Phytochemical Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Selected Indigenous Vegetables in Northern Mindanao, Philippines ", abstract = "The crude methanol extracts of five indigenous vegetables namely, Amarathus tricolor, Basella rubra L., Chochurus olitorius L., Ipomea batatas, and Momordica chuchinensis L., were examined for their phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. The values for DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 7.6-89.53% with B. rubra and I. batatas having the lowest and highest values, respectively. The total flavonoid content of all five indigenous vegetables ranged from 74.65-277.3 mg quercetin equivalent per gram of dried vegetable material while the total phenolic content ranged from 1.93-6.15 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram dried material. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates and reducing sugars, which may also be associated with the antioxidant activity shown by these indigenous vegetables.
", keywords = "Antioxidant, DPPH radical scavenging activity,
Philippine indigenous vegetables, phytochemical screening.", volume = "9", number = "8", pages = "870-6", }
