Performance Analysis of an Adaptive Threshold Hybrid Double-Dwell System with Antenna Diversity for Acquisition in DS-CDMA Systems
In this paper, we consider the analysis of the
acquisition process for a hybrid double-dwell system with antenna
diversity for DS-CDMA (direct sequence-code division multiple
access) using an adaptive threshold. Acquisition systems with a fixed
threshold value are unable to adapt to fast varying mobile
communications environments and may result in a high false alarm
rate, and/or low detection probability. Therefore, we propose an
adaptively varying threshold scheme through the use of a cellaveraging
constant false alarm rate (CA-CFAR) algorithm, which is
well known in the field of radar detection. We derive exact
expressions for the probabilities of detection and false alarm in
Rayleigh fading channels. The mean acquisition time of the system
under consideration is also derived. The performance of the system is
analyzed and compared to that of a hybrid single dwell system.
[1] Polydoros and C. L. Weber, "A unified approach to serial search spreadspectrum
code acquisition-Part I : General theory," IEEE Transaction
Communication, vol.COM-32, no.5, May 1984.
[2] E. A. Sourour, S. C. Gupta, "Direct-sequence spread-spectrum parallel
acquisition in a fading mobile channel, "IEEE Transaction
communication, vol.COM-38, no. 7, July 1990.
[3] C. Baum and V. Veeravalli, "Hybrid acquisition schemes for direct
sequence CDMA systems," IEEE, International Conference on
Communications, 1994, vol. 3, pp. 1433-1437.
[4] W. Zhuang, "Noncoherent hybrid parallel PN code acquisition for
CDMA mobile communications," IEEE Transaction on Vehicular
Technology, vol. 45, no. 4, p. 643-656, 1996.
[5] Polydoros, and C. L. Weber," A unified approach to serial search spread
spectrum code acquisition-Part II: A matched filter receiver," IEEE
Transaction Communication, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 550-560, May 1994.
[6] J. Linatti, "On the threshold setting principles in code acquisition of DSSS
signals," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,
vol.18, no.1, p. 62-72, January 2000.
[7] H. Oh, D. Han, and C. Kim, "An environmental robust PN code
acquisition architecture in DS-CDMA systems," CIC 2000, vol, , Seoul,
Korea, Nov 2000, pp. 201-205.
[8] H. Kim, I. Song, Y. Lee, S. Kim, and Y. Kim, "Double-dwell serialsearch
PN code acquisition using a non parametric detection in
DS/CDMA systems," MILCOM 1999-IEEE Military Communications
Conference, no.1, October 1999, pp.571-574.
[9] D.M. Dicarlo, and C.L. Weber, "Multiple dwell serial acquisition of
direct sequence signals acquisition," IEEE Transaction Communication,
vol. 31, no. 5, p. 650-659, 1983.
[10] R. Rick and L. Milstein, "Parallel acquisition of spread-spectrum signals
with antenna diversity," IEEE Transaction Communication, vol. COM-
45, no. 8, p. 903-905, 1997.
[11] Y. Tokgoz, B. D. Rao, M. Wengler, and B. Judson, "Performance
analysis of optimum combining in antenna array systems with multiple
interferers in flat Rayleigh fading," IEEE Transaction communication,
vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 1047-1050, July 2004.
[12] H. Sock, C. Hyun, and D. Seog, "Adaptive hybrid PN code acquisition
with antenna diversity in DS-CDMA systems," IEEE Transaction
Communication, vol. E85-B. no. 4, p. 716-721, April 2002.
[13] Viterbi, CDMA principles of spread spectrum communication, Addison-
Wesley, Massachusetts, 1995.
[1] Polydoros and C. L. Weber, "A unified approach to serial search spreadspectrum
code acquisition-Part I : General theory," IEEE Transaction
Communication, vol.COM-32, no.5, May 1984.
[2] E. A. Sourour, S. C. Gupta, "Direct-sequence spread-spectrum parallel
acquisition in a fading mobile channel, "IEEE Transaction
communication, vol.COM-38, no. 7, July 1990.
[3] C. Baum and V. Veeravalli, "Hybrid acquisition schemes for direct
sequence CDMA systems," IEEE, International Conference on
Communications, 1994, vol. 3, pp. 1433-1437.
[4] W. Zhuang, "Noncoherent hybrid parallel PN code acquisition for
CDMA mobile communications," IEEE Transaction on Vehicular
Technology, vol. 45, no. 4, p. 643-656, 1996.
[5] Polydoros, and C. L. Weber," A unified approach to serial search spread
spectrum code acquisition-Part II: A matched filter receiver," IEEE
Transaction Communication, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 550-560, May 1994.
[6] J. Linatti, "On the threshold setting principles in code acquisition of DSSS
signals," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,
vol.18, no.1, p. 62-72, January 2000.
[7] H. Oh, D. Han, and C. Kim, "An environmental robust PN code
acquisition architecture in DS-CDMA systems," CIC 2000, vol, , Seoul,
Korea, Nov 2000, pp. 201-205.
[8] H. Kim, I. Song, Y. Lee, S. Kim, and Y. Kim, "Double-dwell serialsearch
PN code acquisition using a non parametric detection in
DS/CDMA systems," MILCOM 1999-IEEE Military Communications
Conference, no.1, October 1999, pp.571-574.
[9] D.M. Dicarlo, and C.L. Weber, "Multiple dwell serial acquisition of
direct sequence signals acquisition," IEEE Transaction Communication,
vol. 31, no. 5, p. 650-659, 1983.
[10] R. Rick and L. Milstein, "Parallel acquisition of spread-spectrum signals
with antenna diversity," IEEE Transaction Communication, vol. COM-
45, no. 8, p. 903-905, 1997.
[11] Y. Tokgoz, B. D. Rao, M. Wengler, and B. Judson, "Performance
analysis of optimum combining in antenna array systems with multiple
interferers in flat Rayleigh fading," IEEE Transaction communication,
vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 1047-1050, July 2004.
[12] H. Sock, C. Hyun, and D. Seog, "Adaptive hybrid PN code acquisition
with antenna diversity in DS-CDMA systems," IEEE Transaction
Communication, vol. E85-B. no. 4, p. 716-721, April 2002.
[13] Viterbi, CDMA principles of spread spectrum communication, Addison-
Wesley, Massachusetts, 1995.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:62822", author = "H. Krouma and M. Barkat and K. Kemih and M. Benslama and Y. Yacine", title = "Performance Analysis of an Adaptive Threshold Hybrid Double-Dwell System with Antenna Diversity for Acquisition in DS-CDMA Systems", abstract = "In this paper, we consider the analysis of the
acquisition process for a hybrid double-dwell system with antenna
diversity for DS-CDMA (direct sequence-code division multiple
access) using an adaptive threshold. Acquisition systems with a fixed
threshold value are unable to adapt to fast varying mobile
communications environments and may result in a high false alarm
rate, and/or low detection probability. Therefore, we propose an
adaptively varying threshold scheme through the use of a cellaveraging
constant false alarm rate (CA-CFAR) algorithm, which is
well known in the field of radar detection. We derive exact
expressions for the probabilities of detection and false alarm in
Rayleigh fading channels. The mean acquisition time of the system
under consideration is also derived. The performance of the system is
analyzed and compared to that of a hybrid single dwell system.", keywords = "Adaptive threshold, hybrid double-dwell system,CA-CFAR algorithm, DS-CDMA.", volume = "2", number = "12", pages = "2883-10", }