MRI Compatible Fresnel Zone Plates made of Polylactic Acid
Zone Plates (ZPs) are used in many areas of physics where planar fabrication is advantageous in comparison with conventional curved lenses. There are several types of ZPs, such as the well-known Fresnel ZPs or the more recent Fractal ZPs and Fibonacci ZPs. The material selection of the lens plays a very important role in the beam modulation control. This work presents a comparison between two Fresnel ZP made from different materials in the ultrasound domain: Polylactic Acid (PLA) and brass. PLA is the most common material used in commercial 3D-printers due to its high design flexibility and low cost. Numerical simulations based on Finite Element Method (FEM) and experimental results are shown, and they prove that the focusing capabilities of brass ZPs and PLA ZPs are similar. For this reason, PLA is proposed as a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) compatible material with great potential for therapeutic ultrasound focusing applications.
[1] K. Vilkhu, R. Mawson, L. Simons, and D. Bates, “Applications and opportunities for ultrasound assisted extraction in the food industry—a review,” Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 161–169, 2008.
[2] S. Albu, E. Joyce, L. Paniwnyk, J. Lorimer, and T. Mason, “Potential for the use of ultrasound in the extraction of antioxidants from rosmar- inus officinalis for the food and pharmaceutical industry,” Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. 11, no. 3-4, pp. 261–265, 2004.
[3] J.-T. Li, J.-F. Han, J.-H. Yang, and T.-S. Li, “An efficient synthesis of 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2-ones catalyzed by nh2so3h under ultrasound irradiation,” Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 119–122, 2003.
[4] P. Pignoli, E. Tremoli, A. Poli, P. Oreste, and R. Paoletti, “Intimal plus medial thickness of the arterial wall: A direct measurement with ultrasound imaging,” Circulation, vol. 74, no. 6, pp. 1399–1406, 1986.
[5] R. Illing, J. Kennedy, F. Wu, G. Ter Haar, A. Protheroe, P. Friend, F. Gleeson, D. Cranston, R. Phillips, and M. Middleton, “The safety and feasibility of extracorporeal high-intensity focused ultrasound (hifu) for the treatment of liver and kidney tumours in a western population,” British journal of cancer, vol. 93, no. 8, p. 890, 2005.
[6] D. McCann and M. Forde, “Review of ndt methods in the assessment of concrete and masonry structures,” NDT and E International, vol. 34, no. 2, 2001.
[7] D. C. Calvo, A. L. Thangawng, M. Nicholas, and C. N. Layman, “Thin fresnel zone plate lenses for underwater acoustics: Modeling and experiments,” OCEANS’15 MTS/IEEE Washingtonl, no. October, 2015.
[8] I. Amemiya, H. Yagi, K. Mori, N. Yamamoto, S. Saitoh, C. Tanuma, and S. Hirahara, Ink Jet Printing with Focused Ultrasonic Beams. Recent Progress in Ink Jet Technologies II. Society for Imaging Science and Technology, 1999, vol. 5.
[9] S. Hon, K. Kwok, H. Li, and H. Ng, “Self-focused acoustic ejectors for viscous liquids,” Review of scientific instruments, vol. 81, no. 6, p. 065102, 2010.
[10] Y.-L. Tu, S.-J. Chen, and Y.-R. Hwang, “Design of fresnel lens-type multi-trapping acoustic tweezers,” Sensors, vol. 16, no. 11, p. 1973, 2016.
[11] E. Schonbrun, C. Rinzler, and K. B. Crozier, “Microfabricated water immersion zone plate optical tweezer,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 92, no. 7, p. 071112, 2008.
[12] Y. Li, B. Liang, X. Tao, X. F. Zhu, X. Y. Zou, and J. C. Cheng, “Acoustic focusing by coiling up space,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 101, no. 23, 2012.
[13] J. T. Welter, S. Sathish, D. E. Christensen, P. G. Brodrick, J. D. Heebl, and M. R. Cherry, “Focusing of longitudinal ultrasonic waves in air with an aperiodic flat lens,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 130, no. 5, pp. 2789–2796, 2011. (Online). Available: http://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.3640841.
[14] P. Peng, B. Xiao, and Y. Wu, “Flat acoustic lens by acoustic grating with curled slits,” Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics, vol. 378, no. 45, pp. 3389–3392, 2014.
[15] F. Cervera, L. Sanchis, J. V. Sánchez-Pérez, R. Martínez-Sala, C. Rubio, F. Meseguer, C. López, D. Caballero, and J. Sánchez-Dehesa, “Refractive Acoustic Devices for Airborne Sound,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 88, no. 2, p. 4, 2002.
[16] J. Soret, “Ueber die durch kreisgitter erzeugten diffractionspha ̈nomene,” Annalen der Physik, vol. 232, no. 9, pp. 99–113, 1875.
[17] D. C. Calvo, A. L. Thangawng, M. Nicholas, and C. N. Layman, “Thin Fresnel zone plate lenses for focusing underwater sound,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 107, no. 1, 2015.
[18] N. McDannold, K. Hynynen, D. Wolf, G. Wolf, and F. Jolesz, “MRI evaluation of thermal ablation of tumors with focused ultrasound,” Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 91–100, jan 1998. (Online). Available: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/jmri.1880080119.
[19] R. E. Drumright, P. R. Gruber, and D. E. Henton, “Polylactic acid technology,” Advanced Materials, vol. 12, no. 23, pp. 1841–1846, 2000.
[20] K. H. Herrmann, C. Gärtner, D. Güllmar, M. Krämer, and J. R. Reichenbach, “3D printing of MRI compatible components: Why every MRI research group should have a low-budget 3D printer,” Medical Engineering and Physics, vol. 36, no. 10, pp. 1373–1380, 2014. (Online). Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2014.06.008.
[21] COMSOL Multiphysics, “Comsol multiphysics user guide (version 4.3 a),” COMSOL, AB, pp. 39–40, 2012.
[22] O. C. Zienkiewicz, R. L. Taylor, O. C. Zienkiewicz, and R. L. Taylor, The finite element method. McGraw-hill London, 1977, vol. 3.
[1] K. Vilkhu, R. Mawson, L. Simons, and D. Bates, “Applications and opportunities for ultrasound assisted extraction in the food industry—a review,” Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 161–169, 2008.
[2] S. Albu, E. Joyce, L. Paniwnyk, J. Lorimer, and T. Mason, “Potential for the use of ultrasound in the extraction of antioxidants from rosmar- inus officinalis for the food and pharmaceutical industry,” Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. 11, no. 3-4, pp. 261–265, 2004.
[3] J.-T. Li, J.-F. Han, J.-H. Yang, and T.-S. Li, “An efficient synthesis of 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2-ones catalyzed by nh2so3h under ultrasound irradiation,” Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 119–122, 2003.
[4] P. Pignoli, E. Tremoli, A. Poli, P. Oreste, and R. Paoletti, “Intimal plus medial thickness of the arterial wall: A direct measurement with ultrasound imaging,” Circulation, vol. 74, no. 6, pp. 1399–1406, 1986.
[5] R. Illing, J. Kennedy, F. Wu, G. Ter Haar, A. Protheroe, P. Friend, F. Gleeson, D. Cranston, R. Phillips, and M. Middleton, “The safety and feasibility of extracorporeal high-intensity focused ultrasound (hifu) for the treatment of liver and kidney tumours in a western population,” British journal of cancer, vol. 93, no. 8, p. 890, 2005.
[6] D. McCann and M. Forde, “Review of ndt methods in the assessment of concrete and masonry structures,” NDT and E International, vol. 34, no. 2, 2001.
[7] D. C. Calvo, A. L. Thangawng, M. Nicholas, and C. N. Layman, “Thin fresnel zone plate lenses for underwater acoustics: Modeling and experiments,” OCEANS’15 MTS/IEEE Washingtonl, no. October, 2015.
[8] I. Amemiya, H. Yagi, K. Mori, N. Yamamoto, S. Saitoh, C. Tanuma, and S. Hirahara, Ink Jet Printing with Focused Ultrasonic Beams. Recent Progress in Ink Jet Technologies II. Society for Imaging Science and Technology, 1999, vol. 5.
[9] S. Hon, K. Kwok, H. Li, and H. Ng, “Self-focused acoustic ejectors for viscous liquids,” Review of scientific instruments, vol. 81, no. 6, p. 065102, 2010.
[10] Y.-L. Tu, S.-J. Chen, and Y.-R. Hwang, “Design of fresnel lens-type multi-trapping acoustic tweezers,” Sensors, vol. 16, no. 11, p. 1973, 2016.
[11] E. Schonbrun, C. Rinzler, and K. B. Crozier, “Microfabricated water immersion zone plate optical tweezer,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 92, no. 7, p. 071112, 2008.
[12] Y. Li, B. Liang, X. Tao, X. F. Zhu, X. Y. Zou, and J. C. Cheng, “Acoustic focusing by coiling up space,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 101, no. 23, 2012.
[13] J. T. Welter, S. Sathish, D. E. Christensen, P. G. Brodrick, J. D. Heebl, and M. R. Cherry, “Focusing of longitudinal ultrasonic waves in air with an aperiodic flat lens,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 130, no. 5, pp. 2789–2796, 2011. (Online). Available: http://asa.scitation.org/doi/10.1121/1.3640841.
[14] P. Peng, B. Xiao, and Y. Wu, “Flat acoustic lens by acoustic grating with curled slits,” Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics, vol. 378, no. 45, pp. 3389–3392, 2014.
[15] F. Cervera, L. Sanchis, J. V. Sánchez-Pérez, R. Martínez-Sala, C. Rubio, F. Meseguer, C. López, D. Caballero, and J. Sánchez-Dehesa, “Refractive Acoustic Devices for Airborne Sound,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 88, no. 2, p. 4, 2002.
[16] J. Soret, “Ueber die durch kreisgitter erzeugten diffractionspha ̈nomene,” Annalen der Physik, vol. 232, no. 9, pp. 99–113, 1875.
[17] D. C. Calvo, A. L. Thangawng, M. Nicholas, and C. N. Layman, “Thin Fresnel zone plate lenses for focusing underwater sound,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 107, no. 1, 2015.
[18] N. McDannold, K. Hynynen, D. Wolf, G. Wolf, and F. Jolesz, “MRI evaluation of thermal ablation of tumors with focused ultrasound,” Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 91–100, jan 1998. (Online). Available: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/jmri.1880080119.
[19] R. E. Drumright, P. R. Gruber, and D. E. Henton, “Polylactic acid technology,” Advanced Materials, vol. 12, no. 23, pp. 1841–1846, 2000.
[20] K. H. Herrmann, C. Gärtner, D. Güllmar, M. Krämer, and J. R. Reichenbach, “3D printing of MRI compatible components: Why every MRI research group should have a low-budget 3D printer,” Medical Engineering and Physics, vol. 36, no. 10, pp. 1373–1380, 2014. (Online). Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2014.06.008.
[21] COMSOL Multiphysics, “Comsol multiphysics user guide (version 4.3 a),” COMSOL, AB, pp. 39–40, 2012.
[22] O. C. Zienkiewicz, R. L. Taylor, O. C. Zienkiewicz, and R. L. Taylor, The finite element method. McGraw-hill London, 1977, vol. 3.
@article{"International Journal of Medical, Medicine and Health Sciences:77848", author = "Daniel Tarrazó-Serrano and Sergio Pérez-López and Sergio Castiñeira-Ibáñez and Pilar Candelas and Constanza Rubio", title = "MRI Compatible Fresnel Zone Plates made of Polylactic Acid", abstract = "Zone Plates (ZPs) are used in many areas of physics where planar fabrication is advantageous in comparison with conventional curved lenses. There are several types of ZPs, such as the well-known Fresnel ZPs or the more recent Fractal ZPs and Fibonacci ZPs. The material selection of the lens plays a very important role in the beam modulation control. This work presents a comparison between two Fresnel ZP made from different materials in the ultrasound domain: Polylactic Acid (PLA) and brass. PLA is the most common material used in commercial 3D-printers due to its high design flexibility and low cost. Numerical simulations based on Finite Element Method (FEM) and experimental results are shown, and they prove that the focusing capabilities of brass ZPs and PLA ZPs are similar. For this reason, PLA is proposed as a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) compatible material with great potential for therapeutic ultrasound focusing applications.", keywords = "Fresnel zone plate, magnetic resonance imaging polylactic acid, ultrasound focusing.", volume = "12", number = "8", pages = "348-5", }
