Mathematical Model for Progressive Phase Distribution of Ku-band Reflectarray Antennas
Progressive phase distribution is an important consideration in reflectarray antenna design which is required to form a planar wave in front of the reflectarray aperture. This paper presents a detailed mathematical model in order to determine the required reflection phase values from individual element of a reflectarray designed in Ku-band frequency range. The proposed technique of obtaining reflection phase can be applied for any geometrical design of elements and is independent of number of array elements. Moreover the model also deals with the solution of reflectarray antenna design with both centre and off-set feed configurations. The theoretical modeling has also been implemented for reflectarrays constructed on 0.508mm thickness of different dielectric substrates. The results show an increase in the slope of the phase curve from 4.61°/mm to 22.35°/mm by varying the material properties.
[1] G. D. G. Berry, R. G. Malech, and W. A.Kennedy, "The reflectarray antenna”, IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-11, Nov. 1963.
[2] R. D javor, X. D. Wu, K. Chang, "Design and performane of microstrip reflectarray antenna”, IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 43,No. 9 pp. 932-938, Sep 1995.
[3] S. D. Targonski and D. M. Pozar, "Analysis and design of a microstrip reflectarray using patches of variable size”, IEEE AP-S/URSI Symposium, Seattle, Washington, pp. 1820-1823, June 1994.
[4] J. Huang and R. J. Pogorzelski,” Microstrip reflectarray with elements having variable rotation angle”, IEEE AP-S Symposium Digest, pp. 1280-1283, April 1993.
[5] M. Y. Ismail and M. Inam, "Performance Improvement of Reflectarrays Based on Embedded Slots Configurations". Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 14, pp. 67-78, 2010.
[6] M. Y. Ismail, M. Inam and J. Abdullah, "Design Optimization of Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antenna Based on Phase Agility Technique”. Third Conference on Antenna & RCS Measurement (ATMS 2010), February 2010, Delhi, India.
[7] M. Y. Ismail and M. Inam, "Analysis of Design optimization of Bandwidth and Loss Performance of Reflectarray Antennas Based on Material Properties”. Modern Applied Sci. J. CCSE., Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 28-35, 2010.
[8] M. E. Biallowski and J. Encinar, "Reflectarray: Potential and Challenges” International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, pp. 1050-1053, (ICEAA) 2007.
[9] D. M..Pozar and S. D. Targonski, "A shaped-beam Microstrip patch reflectarray” IEEE Transactions on Antennas propogation, Vol. 47, No. 7, pp. 1167-1173, 1999.
[10] J. Huang and J. Encinar, Reflectarray Antennas, Wiley, interscience, 2007.
[11] K. Y. SZE and L. Shafal, "Analysis of phase variation due to varying patch length in amicrostrip reflectarray” IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 46, No. 7, pp. 1134-1137.
[12] J. Huang, "Analysis of microstrip reflectarray antenna for microspacecraft applications” Spacecraft Telecommunications Equipment section, TDA Progress report 42-120, February 15, 1995.
[13] D. M. Pozar, S. D. Targonski and H. D. Syrigos, "Design of Millimeter Wave Microstrip Reflectarrays”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 287-296, 1997.
[14] H. Rajagoapalan, S. Xu, Y. R. Samii, "Reflectarray Reflection Phase Diagnostics”. 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APS/URSI), Washington, USA, pp. 1636-1638.
[15] C. Tienda, J. A. Encinar, E. Carrasco and M. Arrebola, "Design of Dual- Reflectarray Antenna for Beam Scanning”. Journal of Wireless Networking and Communication, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 9-14, 2012.
[16] E. Carrasco, J. A. Encinar, M. Barba, "Bandwidth Improvement in Large Reflectarrays by Using True Time Delay”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 56, No. 8, pp. 2498-2503, 2008.
[17] H. Rajagopalan, Y. R. Samii, "On the Reflection Characteristics of a Reflectarray Element with Low-Loss and High-Loss substrates”, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 52, No. 4, pp. 73-89, 2010.
[18] M. Inam and M. Y. Ismail, "Reflection Loss and Bandwidth Performance of X-Band Infinite Reflectarrays: Simulations and Measurements”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 53, No. 1, pp. 77-80, 2011.
[1] G. D. G. Berry, R. G. Malech, and W. A.Kennedy, "The reflectarray antenna”, IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-11, Nov. 1963.
[2] R. D javor, X. D. Wu, K. Chang, "Design and performane of microstrip reflectarray antenna”, IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 43,No. 9 pp. 932-938, Sep 1995.
[3] S. D. Targonski and D. M. Pozar, "Analysis and design of a microstrip reflectarray using patches of variable size”, IEEE AP-S/URSI Symposium, Seattle, Washington, pp. 1820-1823, June 1994.
[4] J. Huang and R. J. Pogorzelski,” Microstrip reflectarray with elements having variable rotation angle”, IEEE AP-S Symposium Digest, pp. 1280-1283, April 1993.
[5] M. Y. Ismail and M. Inam, "Performance Improvement of Reflectarrays Based on Embedded Slots Configurations". Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 14, pp. 67-78, 2010.
[6] M. Y. Ismail, M. Inam and J. Abdullah, "Design Optimization of Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antenna Based on Phase Agility Technique”. Third Conference on Antenna & RCS Measurement (ATMS 2010), February 2010, Delhi, India.
[7] M. Y. Ismail and M. Inam, "Analysis of Design optimization of Bandwidth and Loss Performance of Reflectarray Antennas Based on Material Properties”. Modern Applied Sci. J. CCSE., Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 28-35, 2010.
[8] M. E. Biallowski and J. Encinar, "Reflectarray: Potential and Challenges” International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, pp. 1050-1053, (ICEAA) 2007.
[9] D. M..Pozar and S. D. Targonski, "A shaped-beam Microstrip patch reflectarray” IEEE Transactions on Antennas propogation, Vol. 47, No. 7, pp. 1167-1173, 1999.
[10] J. Huang and J. Encinar, Reflectarray Antennas, Wiley, interscience, 2007.
[11] K. Y. SZE and L. Shafal, "Analysis of phase variation due to varying patch length in amicrostrip reflectarray” IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 46, No. 7, pp. 1134-1137.
[12] J. Huang, "Analysis of microstrip reflectarray antenna for microspacecraft applications” Spacecraft Telecommunications Equipment section, TDA Progress report 42-120, February 15, 1995.
[13] D. M. Pozar, S. D. Targonski and H. D. Syrigos, "Design of Millimeter Wave Microstrip Reflectarrays”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 287-296, 1997.
[14] H. Rajagoapalan, S. Xu, Y. R. Samii, "Reflectarray Reflection Phase Diagnostics”. 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APS/URSI), Washington, USA, pp. 1636-1638.
[15] C. Tienda, J. A. Encinar, E. Carrasco and M. Arrebola, "Design of Dual- Reflectarray Antenna for Beam Scanning”. Journal of Wireless Networking and Communication, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 9-14, 2012.
[16] E. Carrasco, J. A. Encinar, M. Barba, "Bandwidth Improvement in Large Reflectarrays by Using True Time Delay”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 56, No. 8, pp. 2498-2503, 2008.
[17] H. Rajagopalan, Y. R. Samii, "On the Reflection Characteristics of a Reflectarray Element with Low-Loss and High-Loss substrates”, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 52, No. 4, pp. 73-89, 2010.
[18] M. Inam and M. Y. Ismail, "Reflection Loss and Bandwidth Performance of X-Band Infinite Reflectarrays: Simulations and Measurements”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 53, No. 1, pp. 77-80, 2011.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:65887", author = "M. Y. Ismail and M. Inam and A. F. M. Zain and N. Misran", title = "Mathematical Model for Progressive Phase Distribution of Ku-band Reflectarray Antennas", abstract = "Progressive phase distribution is an important consideration in reflectarray antenna design which is required to form a planar wave in front of the reflectarray aperture. This paper presents a detailed mathematical model in order to determine the required reflection phase values from individual element of a reflectarray designed in Ku-band frequency range. The proposed technique of obtaining reflection phase can be applied for any geometrical design of elements and is independent of number of array elements. Moreover the model also deals with the solution of reflectarray antenna design with both centre and off-set feed configurations. The theoretical modeling has also been implemented for reflectarrays constructed on 0.508mm thickness of different dielectric substrates. The results show an increase in the slope of the phase curve from 4.61°/mm to 22.35°/mm by varying the material properties.
", keywords = "Mathematical modeling, Progressive phase distribution, Reflectarray antenna, Reflection phase. ", volume = "7", number = "12", pages = "1701-5", }
