Ionanofluids as Novel Fluids for Advanced Heat Transfer Applications
Ionanofluids are a new and innovative class of heat transfer fluids which exhibit fascinating thermophysical properties compared to their base ionic liquids. This paper deals with the findings of thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of ionanofluids as a function of a temperature and concentration of nanotubes. Simulation results using ionanofluids as coolants in heat exchanger are also used to access their feasibility and performance in heat transfer devices. Results on thermal conductivity and heat capacity of ionanofluids as well as the estimation of heat transfer areas for ionanofluids and ionic liquids in a model shell and tube heat exchanger reveal that ionanofluids possess superior thermal conductivity and heat capacity and require considerably less heat transfer areas as compared to those of their base ionic liquids. This novel class of fluids shows great potential for advanced heat transfer applications.
[1] A. P. C. Ribeiro, M. J. V. Lourenço, and C. A. Nieto de Castro,
"Thermal conductivity of ionanofluids," in Proc. 17th Symp.
Thermophysical Properties, Boulder, USA, 2009.
[2] C. A. Nieto de Castro, M. J. V. Lourenço, A. P. C. Ribeiro, E. Langa, S.
I. C. Vieira, P. Goodrich, and C. Hardacre, "Thermal properties of ionic
liquids and ionanofluids of imidazolium and pyrrolidinium liquids," J.
Chem. Eng. Data, vol. 55, pp. 653-66, 2010.
[3] K. R. Seddon, "Ionic liquids-a taste of the future," Nature, vol. 2, pp.
363-265, 2003.
[4] S. Zhang, N. Sun, X. He, X. Lu, and X. Zhang, "Properties of ionic
liquids: database and evaluation," J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, vol. 35, pp.
1475-1517, 2006.
[5] J. Holbrey, "Heat capacities of common ionic liquids- potential
applications as thermal fluids," Chimica Oggi/Chem. Today, vol. 25, pp.
24-26, 2007.
[6] M. Earle and K. R. Seddon, "Ionic liquids. Green solvents for the
future," Pure Appl. Chem., vol. 72, pp.1391-1398, 2007.
[7] P. Wasserscheid and T. Welton, Ionic Liquids in Synthesis. Weinheim:
Wiley-VCH, 2007.
[8] M. Gaune-Escard and K. R. Seddon, Molten Salts and Ionic Liquids:
Never the Twain?. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2010.
[9] S. Keskin, D. Kayrak-Talay, U. Akman, and O. Hortacsu, "A review of
ionic liquids towards supercritical fluid applications," J. Supercritical
Fluid, vol. 43. pp. 150-180, 2007.
[10] C. Chiappe and D. Pieraccini, "Ionic liquids: solvent properties and
organic reactivity," J. Phys. Org. Chem. B, vol. 18, pp. 275-297, 2005.
[11] A. Heintz and C. Wertz, "Ionic liquids: A most promising research field
in solution chemistry and thermodynamics," Pure Appl. Chem., vol. 78,
pp. 1587-1593, 2006.
[12] J. França, C. A. Nieto de Castro, M. L. M. Lopes, and V. M. B. Nunes,
"Influence of thermophysical properties of ionic liquids in chemical
process design," J. Chem. Eng. Data, vol. 54, pp. 2569-2575, 2009.
[13] C. A. Nieto de Castro and F. J. V. Santos, "Measurement of ionic liquids
properties- Are we doing it well?," Chimica Oggi/Chem. Today, vol. 25,
pp. 20-23, 2007.
[14] V. M. B. Nunes, M. J. V. Lourenço, F. J. V. Santos, M. L. M. Lopes, and
C. A. Nieto de Castro, "Accurate measurements of physico-chemical
properties on ionic liquids and molten salts," in Molten Salts and Ionic
Liquids: Never the Twain?, K. R. Seddon and M. Gaune-Escard, Eds.,
New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2010, pp. 229-263.
[15] C. A. Nieto de Castro, E. Langa, A. L. Morais, M. L. M. Lopes, M. J. V.
Lourenço, F. J. V. Santos, M. S. C. S. Santos, J. S. L. Lopes, H. I. M.
Veiga, M. Macatrão, J. M. S. S. Esperança, L. P. N. Rebelo, C. S.
Marques, C. A. M. Afonso, "Studies on the density, heat capacity,
surface tension and infinite dilution diffusion with the ionic liquids
(C4mim)(Tf2), (C4mim)(dca), (C2mim)(EtOSO3) and (aliquat)(dca),"
Fluid Phase Equilibr., vol. 294, pp. 157-179, 2010.
[16] T. Fukushima, A. Kosaka, Y. Ishimura, T. Yamamoto, T. Takigawa, N.
Ishii, and T. Aida, "Molecular ordering of organic molten salts triggered
by single-walled carbon nanotubes," Science, vol. 300, pp. 2072-2074,
2003.
[17] T. Fukushima and T. Aida, "Ionic liquids for soft functional materials
with carbon nanotubes," Chemistry-Eur J., vol. 13, pp.5048-5058, 2007.
[18] C. A. Nieto de Castro, M. J. V. Lourenço, S. M. S. Murshed, S. I.
C.Vieira, J. França, C. S. Queiros, and A. P. C. Ribeiro, "Ionanofluids:
new heat transfer fluids for thermal efficiency design," in Proc. 9 Asian
Thermophysical Properties Conf., Beijing, China, 2010.
[19] D. C. Venerus, M. S. Kabadi, S. Lee, and V. Perez-Luna, "Study of
thermal transport in nanoparticle suspensions using forced Rayleigh
scattering," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 100, pp. 094310-1- 094310-5, 2006.
[20] C. A. Nieto de Castro, S. M. S. Murshed, M. J. V. Lourenço, F. J. V.
Santos, M. L. M. Lopes, and J. França, "Ionanofluids- new heat transfer
fluids for green processes development," in Green Solvents properties
and Applications in Chemistry, A. Mohammad and Inamuddin, Eds.,
London: Springer, 2011, ch. 24, submitted for publication.
[21] R. Ge, C. Hardacre, P. Nancarrow, and D. Rooney, "Thermal
conductivities of ionic liquids over the temperature range from 293 K to
353 K," J. Chem. Eng. Data, vol. 52, pp. 1819-1823, 2007.
[1] A. P. C. Ribeiro, M. J. V. Lourenço, and C. A. Nieto de Castro,
"Thermal conductivity of ionanofluids," in Proc. 17th Symp.
Thermophysical Properties, Boulder, USA, 2009.
[2] C. A. Nieto de Castro, M. J. V. Lourenço, A. P. C. Ribeiro, E. Langa, S.
I. C. Vieira, P. Goodrich, and C. Hardacre, "Thermal properties of ionic
liquids and ionanofluids of imidazolium and pyrrolidinium liquids," J.
Chem. Eng. Data, vol. 55, pp. 653-66, 2010.
[3] K. R. Seddon, "Ionic liquids-a taste of the future," Nature, vol. 2, pp.
363-265, 2003.
[4] S. Zhang, N. Sun, X. He, X. Lu, and X. Zhang, "Properties of ionic
liquids: database and evaluation," J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, vol. 35, pp.
1475-1517, 2006.
[5] J. Holbrey, "Heat capacities of common ionic liquids- potential
applications as thermal fluids," Chimica Oggi/Chem. Today, vol. 25, pp.
24-26, 2007.
[6] M. Earle and K. R. Seddon, "Ionic liquids. Green solvents for the
future," Pure Appl. Chem., vol. 72, pp.1391-1398, 2007.
[7] P. Wasserscheid and T. Welton, Ionic Liquids in Synthesis. Weinheim:
Wiley-VCH, 2007.
[8] M. Gaune-Escard and K. R. Seddon, Molten Salts and Ionic Liquids:
Never the Twain?. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2010.
[9] S. Keskin, D. Kayrak-Talay, U. Akman, and O. Hortacsu, "A review of
ionic liquids towards supercritical fluid applications," J. Supercritical
Fluid, vol. 43. pp. 150-180, 2007.
[10] C. Chiappe and D. Pieraccini, "Ionic liquids: solvent properties and
organic reactivity," J. Phys. Org. Chem. B, vol. 18, pp. 275-297, 2005.
[11] A. Heintz and C. Wertz, "Ionic liquids: A most promising research field
in solution chemistry and thermodynamics," Pure Appl. Chem., vol. 78,
pp. 1587-1593, 2006.
[12] J. França, C. A. Nieto de Castro, M. L. M. Lopes, and V. M. B. Nunes,
"Influence of thermophysical properties of ionic liquids in chemical
process design," J. Chem. Eng. Data, vol. 54, pp. 2569-2575, 2009.
[13] C. A. Nieto de Castro and F. J. V. Santos, "Measurement of ionic liquids
properties- Are we doing it well?," Chimica Oggi/Chem. Today, vol. 25,
pp. 20-23, 2007.
[14] V. M. B. Nunes, M. J. V. Lourenço, F. J. V. Santos, M. L. M. Lopes, and
C. A. Nieto de Castro, "Accurate measurements of physico-chemical
properties on ionic liquids and molten salts," in Molten Salts and Ionic
Liquids: Never the Twain?, K. R. Seddon and M. Gaune-Escard, Eds.,
New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2010, pp. 229-263.
[15] C. A. Nieto de Castro, E. Langa, A. L. Morais, M. L. M. Lopes, M. J. V.
Lourenço, F. J. V. Santos, M. S. C. S. Santos, J. S. L. Lopes, H. I. M.
Veiga, M. Macatrão, J. M. S. S. Esperança, L. P. N. Rebelo, C. S.
Marques, C. A. M. Afonso, "Studies on the density, heat capacity,
surface tension and infinite dilution diffusion with the ionic liquids
(C4mim)(Tf2), (C4mim)(dca), (C2mim)(EtOSO3) and (aliquat)(dca),"
Fluid Phase Equilibr., vol. 294, pp. 157-179, 2010.
[16] T. Fukushima, A. Kosaka, Y. Ishimura, T. Yamamoto, T. Takigawa, N.
Ishii, and T. Aida, "Molecular ordering of organic molten salts triggered
by single-walled carbon nanotubes," Science, vol. 300, pp. 2072-2074,
2003.
[17] T. Fukushima and T. Aida, "Ionic liquids for soft functional materials
with carbon nanotubes," Chemistry-Eur J., vol. 13, pp.5048-5058, 2007.
[18] C. A. Nieto de Castro, M. J. V. Lourenço, S. M. S. Murshed, S. I.
C.Vieira, J. França, C. S. Queiros, and A. P. C. Ribeiro, "Ionanofluids:
new heat transfer fluids for thermal efficiency design," in Proc. 9 Asian
Thermophysical Properties Conf., Beijing, China, 2010.
[19] D. C. Venerus, M. S. Kabadi, S. Lee, and V. Perez-Luna, "Study of
thermal transport in nanoparticle suspensions using forced Rayleigh
scattering," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 100, pp. 094310-1- 094310-5, 2006.
[20] C. A. Nieto de Castro, S. M. S. Murshed, M. J. V. Lourenço, F. J. V.
Santos, M. L. M. Lopes, and J. França, "Ionanofluids- new heat transfer
fluids for green processes development," in Green Solvents properties
and Applications in Chemistry, A. Mohammad and Inamuddin, Eds.,
London: Springer, 2011, ch. 24, submitted for publication.
[21] R. Ge, C. Hardacre, P. Nancarrow, and D. Rooney, "Thermal
conductivities of ionic liquids over the temperature range from 293 K to
353 K," J. Chem. Eng. Data, vol. 52, pp. 1819-1823, 2007.
@article{"International Journal of Engineering, Mathematical and Physical Sciences:59407", author = "S. M. Sohel Murshed and C. A. Nieto de Castro and M. J. V. Lourenço and J. França and A. P. C. Ribeiro and S. I. C.Vieira and C. S. Queirós", title = "Ionanofluids as Novel Fluids for Advanced Heat Transfer Applications", abstract = "Ionanofluids are a new and innovative class of heat transfer fluids which exhibit fascinating thermophysical properties compared to their base ionic liquids. This paper deals with the findings of thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of ionanofluids as a function of a temperature and concentration of nanotubes. Simulation results using ionanofluids as coolants in heat exchanger are also used to access their feasibility and performance in heat transfer devices. Results on thermal conductivity and heat capacity of ionanofluids as well as the estimation of heat transfer areas for ionanofluids and ionic liquids in a model shell and tube heat exchanger reveal that ionanofluids possess superior thermal conductivity and heat capacity and require considerably less heat transfer areas as compared to those of their base ionic liquids. This novel class of fluids shows great potential for advanced heat transfer applications.
", keywords = "Heat transfer, Ionanofluids, Ionic liquids,Nanotubes, Thermal conductivity.", volume = "5", number = "4", pages = "629-4", }
