Impact of Foreign Aid and Levels of Education on Democracy in Pakistan

This study examines the relationships between foreign aid, levels of schooling and democracy for Pakistan using the ARDL cointegration approach. The results of study provide strong evidence for fairly robust long run as well as short run relationships among these variables for the period 1973-2008. The results state that foreign aid and primary school enrollments have negative impact on democracy index and high school enrollments have positive impact on democracy index in Pakistan. The study suggests for promotion of education levels and relies on local resources instead of foreign aid for a good quality of political institutions in Pakistan.

Authors:

• H. Mahmood
• M. W. Siddiqi
• A. Iqbal
• M. A. Tabassum

Keywords:

• Cointegration
• Democracy
• Education
• Foreign Aid

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