Hepatoprotective Activity of Sharbat Deenar, against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Polyherbal formulation Sharbat Deenar is a very popular unani medicine in Bangladesh. It is usually used for different kinds of liver disorders. In absence of reliable and inadequate hepatoprotective agents in conventional medicine, the herbal preparations are preferred for liver diseases. The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of Sharbat Deenar on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in male Long-Evans albino rats. Group I served as normal control and received neither formulation nor carbon tetrachloride. Group II received only CCl4 1mL/kg body weight of rat intraperitoneally for consecutive 14 days. Group III received CCl4 1mL/kg body weight of rat intraperitoneally and Silymarin, in dose 50mg/kg body weight of rat orally. Group IV received CCl4 1mL/kg body weight of rat intraperitoneally and Sharbat Deenar 1mL/kg body weight of rat for the same 14 consecutive days. At the end of the study, hepatoprotective activity was evaluated by the levels of total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Histopathological study of rat liver was also carried out. The results showed that polyherbal formulation Sharbat Deenar exhibited a significant hepatoprotective effect. Such an outcome seems to be the synergistic effect of all ingredients of tested herbal formulation. Although this study suggests that Sharbat Deenar may be used to cure or minimize various liver diseases, it needs further study to attain the clarity of mechanism and safety.





References:
[1] S.R. Parmar, P.H. Vashrambhai, and K. Kalia. Hepatoprotective activity of some plants extract against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Journal of Herbal Medicine and Toxicology, vol.4, no. 2, pp.101-106, 2010.
[2] N. Dehar, R. Walia, R.B. Verma, and P. Pandey. Hepatoprotective Activity of Berberis aristata Root Extract against Chemical Induced Acute Hepatoxicity in Rats. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Clinical Research, vol. 6, no. (5), pp. 53-56, 2013.
[3] Liver Disease-EASL, International Liver Congress TM 2016, Barcelona, Spain.
[4] M. A. Ali, L.D. Alan, S. Saied, L. Rafael, S. Jeff, M.J.L. Christopher, N. Mohsen. Liver cirrhosis mortality in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis. . BMC Medicine, vol. 12, no. 145, pp. 1-24, 2014.
[5] S. Alam, G. Aza, G, Mustafa, M, Alam, N. Ahmad. Past, Present, and Future of Hepatitis B and Fatty Liver in Bangladesh. Gastroenterol Hepatol Open Access, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 1-7, 2017.
[6] M.A. Ahad, and M.A. Alim. Current Challenges in Hepatitis B. The Journal of Teachers Association, vol. 19, no.1pp.38-44, 2006.
[7] H. Kalantari, and M. Rastmanesh. Protective property of Cichorium intybus in CCl4 induced liver damage in mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 73, no. 1-2, pp. 121−129, 2000.
[8] B.K. Saroj, D. Mani, D, and S.K. Mishra. Scientific validation of polyherbal hepatoprotective formulation against paracetamol induced toxicity. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, vol. 1, pp. 742-746, 2012.
[9] Sharbat Deenar, Bangladesh National Formulary of Unani Medicine. Dhaka, Bangladesh: Board of Unani and Ayurvedic System of Medicine, 75/B, Indira Road, Dhaka, pp. 303, 2011.
[10] P.V. Kumar, A. Sivaraj, EK. Elumalai, B.S. Kumar. Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats-Protective Role of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Coccina Grandis. International Journal of PharmTech Research, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 1612-1615, 2009.
[11] R. Ahsan, K.M. Islam, A. Mosaddik, and E. Haque. Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanol Extract of Some Medicinal Plants Against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats. Global Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 116-122, 2009.
[12] N. Vargas-Mendoza, E. Madrigal-Santillán, Á. Morales-González, J. Esquivel-Soto, C. Esquivel-Chirino, M. García-Luna, et al. Hepatoprotective effect of silymarin. World J Hepatol, vol. 27, no. 6(3), pp.144-149, 2014.
[13] G. Pandey, Y.P. Sahni. A Review of Hepatoprotective activity of Silymarin. IJRAP, vol. 2, no. 1, pp.75-79, 2011.
[14] S. Tauseef, M. Atar, W. Khan, A.R. Rukhsana. An Overview on Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile of Cichorium intybus Linn. Pharmacologyonline, vol. 2, pp. 298-307, 2010.
[15] N. Mathur, M. Mathur. Phyto-Pharmacology of Cichorium intybus as Hepatoprotective Agent. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., vol. 39, no.2, pp. 116-124, 2016.
[16] C.R. Achuthan, B.H. Babu, J. Padikkala. Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effects of Rosa damascene. Pharmaceutical Biology, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 357-361, 2003.
[17] D. Chatterjee, R.K. Sahu, A.K. Jha, and J. Dwivedi. Assessment of Hepatoprotective Activity of Chloroform and Ethanol Extracts of Whole Plants of Cuscuta Reflexa in CCL4 treated rats and Effectiveness of Extracts Secretion by Hepatic Cells. Pharmacologyonline, vol. 3, pp. 799-809, 2010.
[18] A.K. Paharia, and A. Pandurangan. Evaluation of Hepatoprotective activity of Ethanolic Extract of Nymphaea alba LinnFlower in experimental rats. IJBR, vol.4, no. 7, pp. 349-355, 2013.
[19] S. Nazir, M. Sharma, M. Saxena, M. Abrar, and M. Ajaz. Rheum emodi : Phytochemistry, Bioactive Compounds and Their Biological Activity. International Journal of Phytopharmacology, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 272-276, 2013.
[20] A.N.E. Hamed, and A. Wahid. Hepatoprotective activity of Borago officinalis extract against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Journal of Natural Products, vol. 8, pp.113-122, 2015.
[21] R. Saxena, K.B. Sulakhiya, and M. Rathore. Cichorium intybus Linn: A review of Pharmacological Profile. Int J Curr Pharm Res, vol 6, no. 4, pp. 11-15, 2014.
[22] M. Gupta, and S. Singh. Borago officinalis Linn. An Important Medicinal Plant of Mediterranean Region: A Review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, vol. 5, no. 1, pp.27-34, 2010.
[23] I. Davoodi a, R. Rahimi, M. Abdollahi , F. Farzaei, M.H. Farzaei, Z. Memariani, and F. Najaf. Promising effect of Rosa damascena extract on high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver. Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, vol. 7, pp. 508-514, 2017
[24] E. Selvakumari1, A. Shantha, C.S. Kumar and T.P. Prabhu. Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of the Genus Nymphaea. Journal of Academia and Industrial Research, vol.5, no7, pp.98-108, 2016.
[25] J. Urmilesh, and T.S. Tushar. Hepatoprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract of cuscuta reflexa Roxb in paracetamol intoxicated albino rats. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda & Pharmacy, vol. 2, no.4, pp. 1290-93, 2011.
[26] M. Tahir, I. Haq, N. Naseem, M.S.Z. Latif, A.K. Naveed, M. Hassan. Hepatoprotective Potential of ‘Rheum Emodi Wall’ on Carbon Tetrachloride -Induced Hepatic Damage. Annals of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 152-155, 2008.