Fuzzy Neuro Approach to Busbar Protection; Design and Implementation
This paper presents a new approach for busbar protection with stable operation of current transformer during saturation, using fuzzy neuro and symmetrical components theory. This technique uses symmetrical components of current signals to learn the hidden relationship existing in the input patterns. Simulation studies are preformed and the influence of changing system parameters such as inception fault and source impedance is studied. Details of the design procedure and the results of performance studies with the proposed relay are given in the paper. An analysis of the performance of the proposed technique during ct saturation conditions is presented. The performance of the technique was investigated for a variety of operating conditions and for several busbar configurations. Data generated by EMTDC simulations of model power systems were used in the investigations. The results indicate that the proposed technique is stable during ct saturation conditions.
[1] F. Andow, N. Suga, Y. Murakami, and K. Inamura, "Microprocessor
based busbar protection relay," in 5th Int. Conf. on Developments in
Power System Protection, 1993, IEE Pub. no. 368, pp. 103-106.
[2] J. B. Royle and A. Hill, "Low impedance biased differential busbar
protection for application to busbars of widely differing configurations,"
in 4th Int. Conf. on Developments in Power System Protection, 1989,
IEE Pub. no. 302, pp. 40-44.
[3] D. M. Peck, B. Nygaard, and K. Wadelius, "A new numerical busbar
protection system with bay oriented structure," in 5th Int. Conf. On
Developments in Power System Protection, 1993, IEE Pub. no. 368, pp.
228-231.
[4] A. Kumar and P. Hansen, "Digital bus-zone protection," IEEE
Computer Applications in Power, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 29-34, 1993.
[5] T. Forfordand and J. R. Linders, "A half-cycle bus differential relay and
its application," in IEEE PES Winter Meeting, New York, NY, Jan. 27-
Feb. 1, 1974, pp. 1110-1120.
[6] Brewis, K.; Hearfield, K.; Chapman, K., "Theory and practical
performance of interlocked overcurrent busbar zone protection in
distribution substations", Developments in Power System Protection,
2001, Seventh International Conference on (IEE) , 9-12 April 2001 pp.
475 - 478.
[7] Watanabe, H., Shuto, I., Igarashi, K., Beaumont, P., Okuno, K., "An
enhanced decentralised numerical busbar protection relay utilising
instantaneous current values from high speed sampling" Developments
in Power System Protection, 2001, Seventh International Conference on
(IEE) , 9-12 April 2001 pp. 133 - 136.
[8] Kasztenny, B., Cardenas, J., "New phase-segregated digital busbar
protection solutions" Protective Relay Engineers, 2004 57th Annual
Conference for , 30 Mar-1 Apr 2004 pp. 308 - 338.
[9] Jiang, F., Bo, Z.Q., Redfern, M.A., Weller, G., Chen, Z., Dong Xinzhou,
"Application of wavelet transform in transient protection-case study:
busbar protection" Developments in Power System Protection, 2001,
Seventh International Conference on (IEE) , 9-12 April 2001 pp. 197 -
200.
[10] Sachdev, M.S, Sidhu, T.S., Gill, H.S., "A busbar protection technique
and its performance during CT saturation and CT ratio-mismatch"
Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on , Volume: 15 , Issue: 3 , July
2000 pp. 895 - 901.
[11] Kasztenny, B., Kuras, K., "A new algorithm for digital low-impedance
protection of busbars" Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,
2001. IEEE , Vol. 1 , 15-19 July 2001 pp. 97 - 102.
[12] Kang, Y.C., Kang, S.H., Crossley, P.A., "Design, evaluation and
implementation of a busbar differential protection relay immune to the
effects of current transformer saturation" Generation, Transmission and
Distribution, IEE Proceedings- , Vol. 151 , Issue: 3 , May 2004.
[13] Elmore, W.A., "Some observations on bus relaying" Protective Relay
Engineers, 2004 57th Annual Conference for , 30 Mar-1 Apr 2004, pp.
30 - 45.
[14] PSCAD/EMTDC User-s Manual, Manitoba HVDC Research Center,
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
[15] Lee, C. C., ÔÇÿFuzzy Logic in Control System: Fuzzy Logic controller-part
I", IEEE Transmission on System, Man. and Cybernetics, Vol. 20, No.2,
1 April 1990, pp. 404-418.
[16] Ichihashi, H., "Learning in Hierarchical Fuzzy models by conjugate
gradient Method using Backpropagation Errors" Proc. Of Intelligent
System Symp., pp.235-240, 1991.
[17] TMS320C25-User-s Guide, Texas- Instruments, Houston, Tx.
[1] F. Andow, N. Suga, Y. Murakami, and K. Inamura, "Microprocessor
based busbar protection relay," in 5th Int. Conf. on Developments in
Power System Protection, 1993, IEE Pub. no. 368, pp. 103-106.
[2] J. B. Royle and A. Hill, "Low impedance biased differential busbar
protection for application to busbars of widely differing configurations,"
in 4th Int. Conf. on Developments in Power System Protection, 1989,
IEE Pub. no. 302, pp. 40-44.
[3] D. M. Peck, B. Nygaard, and K. Wadelius, "A new numerical busbar
protection system with bay oriented structure," in 5th Int. Conf. On
Developments in Power System Protection, 1993, IEE Pub. no. 368, pp.
228-231.
[4] A. Kumar and P. Hansen, "Digital bus-zone protection," IEEE
Computer Applications in Power, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 29-34, 1993.
[5] T. Forfordand and J. R. Linders, "A half-cycle bus differential relay and
its application," in IEEE PES Winter Meeting, New York, NY, Jan. 27-
Feb. 1, 1974, pp. 1110-1120.
[6] Brewis, K.; Hearfield, K.; Chapman, K., "Theory and practical
performance of interlocked overcurrent busbar zone protection in
distribution substations", Developments in Power System Protection,
2001, Seventh International Conference on (IEE) , 9-12 April 2001 pp.
475 - 478.
[7] Watanabe, H., Shuto, I., Igarashi, K., Beaumont, P., Okuno, K., "An
enhanced decentralised numerical busbar protection relay utilising
instantaneous current values from high speed sampling" Developments
in Power System Protection, 2001, Seventh International Conference on
(IEE) , 9-12 April 2001 pp. 133 - 136.
[8] Kasztenny, B., Cardenas, J., "New phase-segregated digital busbar
protection solutions" Protective Relay Engineers, 2004 57th Annual
Conference for , 30 Mar-1 Apr 2004 pp. 308 - 338.
[9] Jiang, F., Bo, Z.Q., Redfern, M.A., Weller, G., Chen, Z., Dong Xinzhou,
"Application of wavelet transform in transient protection-case study:
busbar protection" Developments in Power System Protection, 2001,
Seventh International Conference on (IEE) , 9-12 April 2001 pp. 197 -
200.
[10] Sachdev, M.S, Sidhu, T.S., Gill, H.S., "A busbar protection technique
and its performance during CT saturation and CT ratio-mismatch"
Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on , Volume: 15 , Issue: 3 , July
2000 pp. 895 - 901.
[11] Kasztenny, B., Kuras, K., "A new algorithm for digital low-impedance
protection of busbars" Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,
2001. IEEE , Vol. 1 , 15-19 July 2001 pp. 97 - 102.
[12] Kang, Y.C., Kang, S.H., Crossley, P.A., "Design, evaluation and
implementation of a busbar differential protection relay immune to the
effects of current transformer saturation" Generation, Transmission and
Distribution, IEE Proceedings- , Vol. 151 , Issue: 3 , May 2004.
[13] Elmore, W.A., "Some observations on bus relaying" Protective Relay
Engineers, 2004 57th Annual Conference for , 30 Mar-1 Apr 2004, pp.
30 - 45.
[14] PSCAD/EMTDC User-s Manual, Manitoba HVDC Research Center,
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
[15] Lee, C. C., ÔÇÿFuzzy Logic in Control System: Fuzzy Logic controller-part
I", IEEE Transmission on System, Man. and Cybernetics, Vol. 20, No.2,
1 April 1990, pp. 404-418.
[16] Ichihashi, H., "Learning in Hierarchical Fuzzy models by conjugate
gradient Method using Backpropagation Errors" Proc. Of Intelligent
System Symp., pp.235-240, 1991.
[17] TMS320C25-User-s Guide, Texas- Instruments, Houston, Tx.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:49317", author = "M. R. Aghaebrahimi and H. Khorashadi Zadeh", title = "Fuzzy Neuro Approach to Busbar Protection; Design and Implementation", abstract = "This paper presents a new approach for busbar protection with stable operation of current transformer during saturation, using fuzzy neuro and symmetrical components theory. This technique uses symmetrical components of current signals to learn the hidden relationship existing in the input patterns. Simulation studies are preformed and the influence of changing system parameters such as inception fault and source impedance is studied. Details of the design procedure and the results of performance studies with the proposed relay are given in the paper. An analysis of the performance of the proposed technique during ct saturation conditions is presented. The performance of the technique was investigated for a variety of operating conditions and for several busbar configurations. Data generated by EMTDC simulations of model power systems were used in the investigations. The results indicate that the proposed technique is stable during ct saturation conditions.
", keywords = "Busbar protection, fuzzy neuro, Ct saturation.", volume = "2", number = "10", pages = "2095-5", }
