Effects of used Engine Oil in Reinforced Concrete Beams: The Structural Behaviour

In the modern construction practices, industrial wastes or by-products are largely used as raw materials in cement and concrete. These impart many benefits to the environment and bringabout an economic impact because the cost of waste disposal is constantly increasing due to strict environmental regulations. It was reported in literature that the leakage of oil onto concrete element in older cement grinding unit resulted in concrete with greater resistance to freezing and thawing. This effect was thought to be similar to adding an air-entraining chemical admixture to concrete. This paper presents an investigation on the load deflection behaviour and crack patterns of reinforced concrete (RC) beams subjected to four point loading. Ten 120x260x1900 mm beams were cast with 100% ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete, 20% fly ash (FA) and 20% rice husk ash (RHA) blended cement concrete. 0.15% dosage of admixtures (used engine oil, new engine oil, and superplasticizer) was used throughout the experiment. Results show that OPC and OPC/RHA RC beams containing used engine oil and superplasticizer exhibit higher capacity, 18-26% than their corresponding control mix.

Authors:

• S.C. Chin
• N. Shafiq
• M.F. Nuruddin

Keywords:

• by-products
• RC beams
• superplasticizer
• used engine oil

References:

[1] B.S Hamad, A.A. Rteil, M. El-Fadel, "Effect of used engine oil on
properties of fresh and hardened concrete". Construction and Building
Materials, Volume 17, Issue 5, July 2003, p. 311-318.
[2] N. Shafiq, M.F. Nuruddin, and I. Kamarudin, "Effectiveness of used
engine oil on improvement of properties of fresh and hardened
concrete", in Proc. 6th Asia-Pacific Structural Engineering and
Construction Conference (ASPEC 2006), Kuala Lumpur, 2006. p.159-
166.
[3] A. Falahi-Ardakani, "Contamination of environment with heavy metals
emitted from automotives"; Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Volume 8, Issue 2, April 1984, p. 152-161.
[4] N. Shafiq, M.F. Nuruddin, and I. Kamarudin, "Comparison of
engineering and durability properties of fly ash blended cement concrete
made in UK and Malaysia", Advances in Applied Ceramics, Special
Issue Article, 2007.
[5] International energy outlook, Report of Energy Information
Administration, USA, 2007.
[6] American Standards for Testing of Materials, ASTM C618-80, 1980.
[7] P.K. Mehta, Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on ÔÇÿFly ash. slag, silica fume and
natural pozzolans in concrete-, ACI-CANMET. Trondheim, Norway,
June 1989., p.1-43.
[8] S. Chandra, "Waste materials used in concrete manufacturing", Noyes,
ed. 1997, p. 678.
[9] V.M. Malhotra and P.K. Mehta, "Pozzolanic and cementitious
materials", Advances in Concrete Technology, Volume I, 1996, p. 13-
25.
[10] British Standards Institution, BS 12; Specifications for Portland
Cement, 1996, BSI, London.
[11] British Standards Institution, BS 882; Specifications for Aggregates
from Natural Sources for Concrete, 1992, BSI, London.
[12] B.S. Hamad, and A.A. Rteil "Effect of used engine oil on structural
behaviour of reinforced concrete elements". Construction and Building
Materials, Volume 17, July 2003, p. 203-211.