Effect of Soil Tillage System upon the Soil Properties, Weed Control, Quality and Quantity Yield in Some Arable Crops
The paper presents the influence of the conventional
ploughing tillage technology in comparison with the minimum
tillage, upon the soil properties, weed control and yield in the case of
maize (Zea mays L.), soya-bean (Glycine hispida L.) and winter
wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a three years crop rotation. A
research has been conducted at the University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The use of
minimum soil tillage systems within a three years rotation: maize,
soya-bean, wheat favorites the rise of the aggregates hydro stability
with 5.6-7.5% on a 0-20 cm depth and 5-11% on 20-30 cm depth.
The minimum soil tillage systems – paraplow, chisel or rotary grape
– are polyvalent alternatives for basic preparation, germination bed
preparation and sowing, for fields and crops with moderate loose
requirements being optimized technologies for: soil natural fertility
activation and rationalization, reduction of erosion, increasing the
accumulation capacity for water and realization of sowing in the
optimal period. The soil tillage system influences the productivity
elements of cultivated species and finally the productions thus
obtained. Thus, related to conventional working system, the
productions registered in minimum tillage working represented 89-
97% in maize, 103-112% in soya-bean, 93-99% in winter-wheat. The
results of investigations showed that the yield is a conclusion soil
tillage systems influence on soil properties, plant density assurance
and on weed control. Under minimum tillage systems in the case of
winter weat as an option for replacing classic ploughing, the best
results in terms of quality indices were obtained from version worked
with paraplow, followed by rotary harrow and chisel. At variants
worked with paraplow were obtained quality indices close to those of
the variant worked with plow, and protein and gluten content was
even higher. At Ariesan variety, highest protein content, 12.50% and
gluten, 28.6% was obtained for the variant paraplow.
[1] V. Feiza, I. Deveikyte and D. Simanskaite, "Soil physical and
agrochemical properties changes, weediness and yield of crops in longterm
tillage experiment in Lithuania", Scientific publication, 2005, vol.
48, Agronomy, USAMV Iasi.
[2] G. Jitareanu, C. Ailincai and D. Bucur, "Influence of Tillage Systems on
Soil Phsical and Chemical Caracteristics and Yield in Soybean and
Maize Grown in the Moldavian Plain (North - Eastern Romania)", In
Soil Management for Sustainability, 2006, pp. 370-379.
[3] P. Moraru and T. Rusu, ÔÇ×Soil tillage conservation and its effect on soil
organic matter, water management and carbon sequestration", Journal of
Food, Agriculture & Environment, 2010, vol. 8(3-4/2010), pp. 309-312.
[4] D. Raclot, Y. Le Dissonnais, X. Louchart, P.Andrieux, R. Moussa and
M. Voltz, ÔÇ× Soil tillage and scale effects on erosion from fields to
catchment in a Mediterranean vineyard area", Agriculture, ecosystems &
environement, 2009, vol. 134, Issues 3-4, December 2009, pp. 201-210.
[5] H. Riley, M. A. Bleken, S. Abrahamsen, A. K. Bergjord and A. K.
Bakken, "Effects of alternative tillage systems on soil quality and yield
of spring cereals on silty clay loam and sandy loam soils in the cool, wet
climate of central Norway", Soil and Tillage Research, 2005, volume
80, Issues 1-2, pp. 79-93.
[6] K. Romaneckas, V. Pilipavičius, E. Šarauskis and A. Sakalauskas,
"Effect of sowing depth on emergence and crop establishment of sugar
beet (Beta vulgaris L.)", Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment,
2009, Vol. 7 (2), pp. 571-575.
[7] T. Rusu, P. Gus, I. Bogdan, P. I. Moraru, A. I. Pop, D. Clapa, I. M.
Doru, I. Oroian and L. I. Pop, ÔÇ×Implications of Minimum Tillage
Systems on Sustainability of Agricultural Production and Soil
Conservation", Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 2009,
vol. 7(2/2009), pp. 335-338.
[8] E. Sarauskis, K. Romaneckas and S. Buragiene, "Impact of conventional
and sustainable soil tillage and sowing technologies on physicalmechanical
soil properties", Environmental Res, Engineer Management,
2009a, 49(3), pp. 36-43.
[9] E. Sarauskis, E. Vaiciukevicius, K. Romaneckas, A. Sakalauskas and R.
Baranauskaite, "Economic and energetic evaluation of sustainable tillage
and cereal sowing technologies in Lithuania", Rural Development,
2009b, 4(1), pp. 280-285.
[10] S. Ulrich, B. Hofmann, S. Tischer and O. Christen, "Influence of Tillage
on Soil Quality in a Long Term Trial in Germany", In Soil Management
for Sustainability, 2006, pp. 110-116.
[11] PoliFact, "ANOVA and Duncan's test pc program for variant analyses
made for completely randomized polifactorial experiences", 2010,
USAMV Cluj-Napoca.
[12] SRTS, "Romanian System of Soil Taxonomy", 2003, Ed. Estfalia,
Bucharest, pp. 182.
[1] V. Feiza, I. Deveikyte and D. Simanskaite, "Soil physical and
agrochemical properties changes, weediness and yield of crops in longterm
tillage experiment in Lithuania", Scientific publication, 2005, vol.
48, Agronomy, USAMV Iasi.
[2] G. Jitareanu, C. Ailincai and D. Bucur, "Influence of Tillage Systems on
Soil Phsical and Chemical Caracteristics and Yield in Soybean and
Maize Grown in the Moldavian Plain (North - Eastern Romania)", In
Soil Management for Sustainability, 2006, pp. 370-379.
[3] P. Moraru and T. Rusu, ÔÇ×Soil tillage conservation and its effect on soil
organic matter, water management and carbon sequestration", Journal of
Food, Agriculture & Environment, 2010, vol. 8(3-4/2010), pp. 309-312.
[4] D. Raclot, Y. Le Dissonnais, X. Louchart, P.Andrieux, R. Moussa and
M. Voltz, ÔÇ× Soil tillage and scale effects on erosion from fields to
catchment in a Mediterranean vineyard area", Agriculture, ecosystems &
environement, 2009, vol. 134, Issues 3-4, December 2009, pp. 201-210.
[5] H. Riley, M. A. Bleken, S. Abrahamsen, A. K. Bergjord and A. K.
Bakken, "Effects of alternative tillage systems on soil quality and yield
of spring cereals on silty clay loam and sandy loam soils in the cool, wet
climate of central Norway", Soil and Tillage Research, 2005, volume
80, Issues 1-2, pp. 79-93.
[6] K. Romaneckas, V. Pilipavičius, E. Šarauskis and A. Sakalauskas,
"Effect of sowing depth on emergence and crop establishment of sugar
beet (Beta vulgaris L.)", Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment,
2009, Vol. 7 (2), pp. 571-575.
[7] T. Rusu, P. Gus, I. Bogdan, P. I. Moraru, A. I. Pop, D. Clapa, I. M.
Doru, I. Oroian and L. I. Pop, ÔÇ×Implications of Minimum Tillage
Systems on Sustainability of Agricultural Production and Soil
Conservation", Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 2009,
vol. 7(2/2009), pp. 335-338.
[8] E. Sarauskis, K. Romaneckas and S. Buragiene, "Impact of conventional
and sustainable soil tillage and sowing technologies on physicalmechanical
soil properties", Environmental Res, Engineer Management,
2009a, 49(3), pp. 36-43.
[9] E. Sarauskis, E. Vaiciukevicius, K. Romaneckas, A. Sakalauskas and R.
Baranauskaite, "Economic and energetic evaluation of sustainable tillage
and cereal sowing technologies in Lithuania", Rural Development,
2009b, 4(1), pp. 280-285.
[10] S. Ulrich, B. Hofmann, S. Tischer and O. Christen, "Influence of Tillage
on Soil Quality in a Long Term Trial in Germany", In Soil Management
for Sustainability, 2006, pp. 110-116.
[11] PoliFact, "ANOVA and Duncan's test pc program for variant analyses
made for completely randomized polifactorial experiences", 2010,
USAMV Cluj-Napoca.
[12] SRTS, "Romanian System of Soil Taxonomy", 2003, Ed. Estfalia,
Bucharest, pp. 182.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:55086", author = "T Rusu and P I Moraru and I Bogdan and A I Pop and M L Sopterean", title = "Effect of Soil Tillage System upon the Soil Properties, Weed Control, Quality and Quantity Yield in Some Arable Crops", abstract = "The paper presents the influence of the conventional
ploughing tillage technology in comparison with the minimum
tillage, upon the soil properties, weed control and yield in the case of
maize (Zea mays L.), soya-bean (Glycine hispida L.) and winter
wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a three years crop rotation. A
research has been conducted at the University of Agricultural
Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The use of
minimum soil tillage systems within a three years rotation: maize,
soya-bean, wheat favorites the rise of the aggregates hydro stability
with 5.6-7.5% on a 0-20 cm depth and 5-11% on 20-30 cm depth.
The minimum soil tillage systems – paraplow, chisel or rotary grape
– are polyvalent alternatives for basic preparation, germination bed
preparation and sowing, for fields and crops with moderate loose
requirements being optimized technologies for: soil natural fertility
activation and rationalization, reduction of erosion, increasing the
accumulation capacity for water and realization of sowing in the
optimal period. The soil tillage system influences the productivity
elements of cultivated species and finally the productions thus
obtained. Thus, related to conventional working system, the
productions registered in minimum tillage working represented 89-
97% in maize, 103-112% in soya-bean, 93-99% in winter-wheat. The
results of investigations showed that the yield is a conclusion soil
tillage systems influence on soil properties, plant density assurance
and on weed control. Under minimum tillage systems in the case of
winter weat as an option for replacing classic ploughing, the best
results in terms of quality indices were obtained from version worked
with paraplow, followed by rotary harrow and chisel. At variants
worked with paraplow were obtained quality indices close to those of
the variant worked with plow, and protein and gluten content was
even higher. At Ariesan variety, highest protein content, 12.50% and
gluten, 28.6% was obtained for the variant paraplow.", keywords = "Minimum tillage, soil properties, yields quality.", volume = "5", number = "11", pages = "713-4", }