Effect of Plant Nutrients on Anthocyanin Content and Yield Component of Black Glutinous Rice Plants
The cultivation of black glutinous rice rich in anthocyanins can provide great benefits to both farmers and consumers. Total anthocyanins content and yield component data of black glutinous rice cultivar (KHHK) grown with the addition of mineral elements (Ca, Mg, Cu, Cr, Fe and Se) under soilless conditions were studied. Ca application increased seed anthocyanins content by three-folds compared to controls. Cu application to rice plants obtained the highest number of grains panicle, panicle length and subsequently high panicle weight. Se application had the largest effect on leaf anthocyanins content, the number of tillers, number of panicles and 100-grain weight. These findings showed that the addition of mineral elements had a positive effect on increasing anthocyanins content in black rice plants and seeds as well as the heightened development of black glutinous rice plant growth.
[1] M. Keerthi, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 445-455, 2014.
[2] P. Ngamdee, U. Wichai and S. Jiamyangyuen, “Correlation between phytochemical and mineral contents and antioxidant activity of black glutinous rice bran and its potential chemopreventive property”, Food Technology and Biotechnology, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 282-289, 2016.
[3] M. Fitzgerald, S. McCouch, R. Hall, “Not just a grain of rice: the quest for quality”, Trends in Plant Science, vol. 14, pp. 133-139, 2009.
[4] R. A. Dixon and N. L. Palva, “Stress-induced phenylpropanoid metabolism”, The Plant Cell, vol. 7, pp. 1085-1097, 1995.
[5] Marschner H., “Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants”, Amsterdam: Academic Press, 2012.
[6] P. Christie, M. R. Alfenito, V. Walbot, “Impact of low-temperature stress on general phenylpropanoid and anthocyanin pathways: Enhancement of transcript abundance and anthocyanin pigmentation in maize seedlings”, Planta, vol. 194, no. 4, pp. 541-549, 1994.
[7] K. Sato, M. Nakayama and J Shigeta, “Culturing conditions affecting the production of anthocyanin suspended cell cultures of strawberry”, Plant Science, vol. 113, pp. 91-98, 1996.
[8] M. O. Downey, N. K. Dokoozlian, M. P. Krstic, 2006. “Cultural Practice and Environment Impacts on the Flavonoid Composition of Grapes and Wine: A review of Recent Research”, American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 257-268, 2006.
[9] G. Hilbert, J. P. Soyer, C. Merlot, J. Giraudon, S. Milin and J. P. Gaudillere, “Effects of nitrogen supply on must quality and anthocyanin accumulation in berries of cv. Merlot”, Vitis, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 69-76, 2003.
[10] N. Chishaki and T. Horiguchi, “Responses of secondary metabolism in plants to nutrient deficiency”, Soil Science and Plant Nutrients, vol. 43, pp. 987 – 991, 1997.
[11] P. Boontakham, P. Sookwong, S. Jongkaewwattana, S. Wangtueai and S. Mahatheeranont, “Comparison of grain yield and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) content in leaves and grain of two Thai fragrant rice cultivars cultivated at greenhouse and open-air conditions”, Australian Journal of Crop Science, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 159-169, 2019.
[12] O. Norkaew, P. Boontakham, K. Dumri, A. N. L. Noenplab, P. Sookwong and S. Mahatheeranont, “Effect of post-harvest treatment on bioactive phytochemicals of Thai black rice”, Food Chemistry, vol 217, pp. 98-105, 2017.
[13] Y. Zeng, S. Shen, L. Wang, J. Liu, X. Pu, J. Du, and M. Qiu, “Correlation of plant morphological and grain quality traits with mineral element contents in Yunnan rice”, Rice Science, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 101-106, 2005.
[14] R. L. Mikkelsen and H. F. Wan, “The effect of selenium on sulfur uptake by barley and rice”, Plant and Soil, vol. 121, pp. 151-153, 1990.
[15] C. Jiang, C. Zu, D. Lu, Q. Zheng, J. Shen, H. Wang, D. Li, “Effect of exogenous selenium supply on photosynthesis, Na+ accumulation and antioxidative capacity of maize (Zea mays L.) under salinity stress”, Sci Rep 7:42039. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep42039, 2017.
[16] U. Kushwaha, “Black rice; Research, History and Development”, Switzerland: Springer International, 2016.
[17] T. Shalaby, Y. Bayoumi, T. Alshaal, N. Elhawat, A. Sztri and H. El-Ramady, “Selenium fortification induces growth, antioxidant activity, yield and nutritional quality of lettuce in salt-affected soil using foliar and soil applications”, Plant Soil, vol. 421, no. 1-2, pp. 245-258, 2017.
[18] J. Ren, Z. Liu, W. Chen, H. Xu, and H. Feng, “Anthocyanin Degrading and Chlorophyll Accumulation Lead to the Formation of Bicolor Leaf in Ornamental Kale”, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 603, 2019.
[19] S. Samantaray, G. R. Rout and P. Das, “Role of chromium on plant growth and metabolism”, Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 201-212, 1998.
[20] M. Zhu, J. Yu, W. Tang, S. Fan, M. Bai, M. Chen and G. Yuan, “Role of calcium in regulating anthocyanin accumulation in ‘Manicure Finger’ grape berries, Scientia Horticulturae, vol. 256, 108585, 2019.
[1] M. Keerthi, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 445-455, 2014.
[2] P. Ngamdee, U. Wichai and S. Jiamyangyuen, “Correlation between phytochemical and mineral contents and antioxidant activity of black glutinous rice bran and its potential chemopreventive property”, Food Technology and Biotechnology, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 282-289, 2016.
[3] M. Fitzgerald, S. McCouch, R. Hall, “Not just a grain of rice: the quest for quality”, Trends in Plant Science, vol. 14, pp. 133-139, 2009.
[4] R. A. Dixon and N. L. Palva, “Stress-induced phenylpropanoid metabolism”, The Plant Cell, vol. 7, pp. 1085-1097, 1995.
[5] Marschner H., “Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants”, Amsterdam: Academic Press, 2012.
[6] P. Christie, M. R. Alfenito, V. Walbot, “Impact of low-temperature stress on general phenylpropanoid and anthocyanin pathways: Enhancement of transcript abundance and anthocyanin pigmentation in maize seedlings”, Planta, vol. 194, no. 4, pp. 541-549, 1994.
[7] K. Sato, M. Nakayama and J Shigeta, “Culturing conditions affecting the production of anthocyanin suspended cell cultures of strawberry”, Plant Science, vol. 113, pp. 91-98, 1996.
[8] M. O. Downey, N. K. Dokoozlian, M. P. Krstic, 2006. “Cultural Practice and Environment Impacts on the Flavonoid Composition of Grapes and Wine: A review of Recent Research”, American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 257-268, 2006.
[9] G. Hilbert, J. P. Soyer, C. Merlot, J. Giraudon, S. Milin and J. P. Gaudillere, “Effects of nitrogen supply on must quality and anthocyanin accumulation in berries of cv. Merlot”, Vitis, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 69-76, 2003.
[10] N. Chishaki and T. Horiguchi, “Responses of secondary metabolism in plants to nutrient deficiency”, Soil Science and Plant Nutrients, vol. 43, pp. 987 – 991, 1997.
[11] P. Boontakham, P. Sookwong, S. Jongkaewwattana, S. Wangtueai and S. Mahatheeranont, “Comparison of grain yield and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) content in leaves and grain of two Thai fragrant rice cultivars cultivated at greenhouse and open-air conditions”, Australian Journal of Crop Science, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 159-169, 2019.
[12] O. Norkaew, P. Boontakham, K. Dumri, A. N. L. Noenplab, P. Sookwong and S. Mahatheeranont, “Effect of post-harvest treatment on bioactive phytochemicals of Thai black rice”, Food Chemistry, vol 217, pp. 98-105, 2017.
[13] Y. Zeng, S. Shen, L. Wang, J. Liu, X. Pu, J. Du, and M. Qiu, “Correlation of plant morphological and grain quality traits with mineral element contents in Yunnan rice”, Rice Science, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 101-106, 2005.
[14] R. L. Mikkelsen and H. F. Wan, “The effect of selenium on sulfur uptake by barley and rice”, Plant and Soil, vol. 121, pp. 151-153, 1990.
[15] C. Jiang, C. Zu, D. Lu, Q. Zheng, J. Shen, H. Wang, D. Li, “Effect of exogenous selenium supply on photosynthesis, Na+ accumulation and antioxidative capacity of maize (Zea mays L.) under salinity stress”, Sci Rep 7:42039. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep42039, 2017.
[16] U. Kushwaha, “Black rice; Research, History and Development”, Switzerland: Springer International, 2016.
[17] T. Shalaby, Y. Bayoumi, T. Alshaal, N. Elhawat, A. Sztri and H. El-Ramady, “Selenium fortification induces growth, antioxidant activity, yield and nutritional quality of lettuce in salt-affected soil using foliar and soil applications”, Plant Soil, vol. 421, no. 1-2, pp. 245-258, 2017.
[18] J. Ren, Z. Liu, W. Chen, H. Xu, and H. Feng, “Anthocyanin Degrading and Chlorophyll Accumulation Lead to the Formation of Bicolor Leaf in Ornamental Kale”, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 603, 2019.
[19] S. Samantaray, G. R. Rout and P. Das, “Role of chromium on plant growth and metabolism”, Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 201-212, 1998.
[20] M. Zhu, J. Yu, W. Tang, S. Fan, M. Bai, M. Chen and G. Yuan, “Role of calcium in regulating anthocyanin accumulation in ‘Manicure Finger’ grape berries, Scientia Horticulturae, vol. 256, 108585, 2019.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:79642", author = "Chonlada Bennett and Phumon Sookwong and Sakul Moolkam and Sivapong Naruebal Sugunya Mahatheeranont", title = "Effect of Plant Nutrients on Anthocyanin Content and Yield Component of Black Glutinous Rice Plants", abstract = "The cultivation of black glutinous rice rich in anthocyanins can provide great benefits to both farmers and consumers. Total anthocyanins content and yield component data of black glutinous rice cultivar (KHHK) grown with the addition of mineral elements (Ca, Mg, Cu, Cr, Fe and Se) under soilless conditions were studied. Ca application increased seed anthocyanins content by three-folds compared to controls. Cu application to rice plants obtained the highest number of grains panicle, panicle length and subsequently high panicle weight. Se application had the largest effect on leaf anthocyanins content, the number of tillers, number of panicles and 100-grain weight. These findings showed that the addition of mineral elements had a positive effect on increasing anthocyanins content in black rice plants and seeds as well as the heightened development of black glutinous rice plant growth.", keywords = "Anthocyanins, black glutinous rice, mineral elements, soilless culture.", volume = "14", number = "6", pages = "65-4", }
