The main focus of this paper is on the human induced
forces. Almost all existing force models for this type of load (defined
either in the time or frequency domain) are developed from the
assumption of perfect periodicity of the force and are based on force
measurements conducted on rigid (i.e. high frequency) surfaces. To
verify the different authors conclusions the vertical pressure
measurements invoked during the walking was performed, using
pressure gauges in various configurations. The obtained forces are
analyzed using Fourier transformation. This load is often decisive in
the design of footbridges. Design criteria and load models proposed
by widely used standards and other researchers were introduced and a
comparison was made.
[1] H. Bachmann, Lively Footbridges a Real Challenge. Proceedings of the
International Conference on the Design and Dynamic Behaviour of
Footbridges, Paris, France, November 20-22, 2002, pages 18-30.
[2] P. Dallard, T. Fitzpatrick, A. Flint, A. Low, R. Ridsdill Smith, M.
Willford and M. Roche, London Millennium Bridge: Pedestrian-Induced
Lateral Vibration. ASCE
[3] Design Manual for Road and Bridges: Loads for Highway Bridges: BD
37/01, Highway Agency, London, February, 2002.
[4] P. E. Eriksson, Vibration of Low-Frequency FloorsÔÇöDynamic Forces
and Response Prediction, PhD Thesis, Unit for Dynamics in Design,
Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden, 1994.
[5] Eurocode, Basis of Structural Design - prAnnex A2. EN1990: 2002.
European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium 2002.
[6] Eurocode 5, Design of Timber Structures Part 2: Bridges, EN1995- 2:
2004, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium
2004.
[7] Y. Fujino, B. Pacheco, S. Nakamura, P. Warnitchai, Synchronization of
Human Walking Observed during Lateral Vibration of a Congested
Pedestrian Bridge, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,
22, 741-758 (1993).
[8] H. Grundmann, H. Kreuzinger, M. Schneider, Dynamic calculations of
footbridges, Bauingenieur 68 (1993) 215-225
[9] P. Hradil , J. Kala, V. Salajka, P. Vymlátil, The application of concrete
nonlinear model exposed to impact load, Recent Researches in
Automatic Control - 13th WSEAS International Conference on
Automatic Control, Modelling and Simulation, ACMOS'11, 2011,
Lanzarote, Spain, Pages 283-286, ISBN: 978-161804004-6.
[10] ISO, Bases for design of structures Serviceability of buildings and
pedestrian walkways against vibration, ISO/CD 10137, International
Stadardization Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2005.
[11] J. Kala, V. Salajka, P. Hradil, Calculation of timber outlook tower with
influence of behavior of "steel-timber" connection, Advanced Materials
Research, Volume 428, 2012, Pages 165-168, ISSN: 10226680 ISBN:
978-303785302-3, DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.428.165
[12] Z. Kala, Thin-Walled Structures 49, 645-651 (2011).
[13] Z. Kala, Engineering Structures 33, 2342-2349 (2011).
[14] Z. Kala, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 18, 81-90
(2012).
[15] J. Králik, J. Králik,jr.: Probability and Sensitivity Analysis of Machine
Foundation and Soil Interaction. Applied and Computational Mechanics.
ZCU Plzen. ISSN 1802-680X, 2009, Vol.3, No.1.
[16] S. V. Ohlsson, Floor Vibration and Human Discomfort, PhD Thesis,
Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden, 1982 (in
English).
[17] SETRA, Footbridges, Assessment of vibrational behaviour of
footbridges under pedestrian loading, Technical guide SETRA, Paris,
France 2006.
[18] P. Young, Improved floor vibration prediction methodologies, ARUP
Vibration Seminar, October 4, 2001.
[19] J. E. Wheeler, Prediction and control of pedestrian induced vibration in
footbridges, ASCE Journal of the Structural Division 108 (ST9) (1982)
2045-2065.
[20] S. Zivanovic, A. Pavic, and P. Reynolds, Vibration serviceability of
footbridges under human-induced excitation: a literature review. Journal
og Sound and Vibration 279 (2005).
[1] H. Bachmann, Lively Footbridges a Real Challenge. Proceedings of the
International Conference on the Design and Dynamic Behaviour of
Footbridges, Paris, France, November 20-22, 2002, pages 18-30.
[2] P. Dallard, T. Fitzpatrick, A. Flint, A. Low, R. Ridsdill Smith, M.
Willford and M. Roche, London Millennium Bridge: Pedestrian-Induced
Lateral Vibration. ASCE
[3] Design Manual for Road and Bridges: Loads for Highway Bridges: BD
37/01, Highway Agency, London, February, 2002.
[4] P. E. Eriksson, Vibration of Low-Frequency FloorsÔÇöDynamic Forces
and Response Prediction, PhD Thesis, Unit for Dynamics in Design,
Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden, 1994.
[5] Eurocode, Basis of Structural Design - prAnnex A2. EN1990: 2002.
European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium 2002.
[6] Eurocode 5, Design of Timber Structures Part 2: Bridges, EN1995- 2:
2004, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, Belgium
2004.
[7] Y. Fujino, B. Pacheco, S. Nakamura, P. Warnitchai, Synchronization of
Human Walking Observed during Lateral Vibration of a Congested
Pedestrian Bridge, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,
22, 741-758 (1993).
[8] H. Grundmann, H. Kreuzinger, M. Schneider, Dynamic calculations of
footbridges, Bauingenieur 68 (1993) 215-225
[9] P. Hradil , J. Kala, V. Salajka, P. Vymlátil, The application of concrete
nonlinear model exposed to impact load, Recent Researches in
Automatic Control - 13th WSEAS International Conference on
Automatic Control, Modelling and Simulation, ACMOS'11, 2011,
Lanzarote, Spain, Pages 283-286, ISBN: 978-161804004-6.
[10] ISO, Bases for design of structures Serviceability of buildings and
pedestrian walkways against vibration, ISO/CD 10137, International
Stadardization Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2005.
[11] J. Kala, V. Salajka, P. Hradil, Calculation of timber outlook tower with
influence of behavior of "steel-timber" connection, Advanced Materials
Research, Volume 428, 2012, Pages 165-168, ISSN: 10226680 ISBN:
978-303785302-3, DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.428.165
[12] Z. Kala, Thin-Walled Structures 49, 645-651 (2011).
[13] Z. Kala, Engineering Structures 33, 2342-2349 (2011).
[14] Z. Kala, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 18, 81-90
(2012).
[15] J. Králik, J. Králik,jr.: Probability and Sensitivity Analysis of Machine
Foundation and Soil Interaction. Applied and Computational Mechanics.
ZCU Plzen. ISSN 1802-680X, 2009, Vol.3, No.1.
[16] S. V. Ohlsson, Floor Vibration and Human Discomfort, PhD Thesis,
Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden, 1982 (in
English).
[17] SETRA, Footbridges, Assessment of vibrational behaviour of
footbridges under pedestrian loading, Technical guide SETRA, Paris,
France 2006.
[18] P. Young, Improved floor vibration prediction methodologies, ARUP
Vibration Seminar, October 4, 2001.
[19] J. E. Wheeler, Prediction and control of pedestrian induced vibration in
footbridges, ASCE Journal of the Structural Division 108 (ST9) (1982)
2045-2065.
[20] S. Zivanovic, A. Pavic, and P. Reynolds, Vibration serviceability of
footbridges under human-induced excitation: a literature review. Journal
og Sound and Vibration 279 (2005).
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:63082", author = "J. Kala and V. Salajka and P. Hradil", title = "Dynamic Action Induced By Walking Pedestrian", abstract = "The main focus of this paper is on the human induced
forces. Almost all existing force models for this type of load (defined
either in the time or frequency domain) are developed from the
assumption of perfect periodicity of the force and are based on force
measurements conducted on rigid (i.e. high frequency) surfaces. To
verify the different authors conclusions the vertical pressure
measurements invoked during the walking was performed, using
pressure gauges in various configurations. The obtained forces are
analyzed using Fourier transformation. This load is often decisive in
the design of footbridges. Design criteria and load models proposed
by widely used standards and other researchers were introduced and a
comparison was made.", keywords = "Pedestrian action, Experimental analysis, Fourier
series, serviceability, cycle loading.", volume = "6", number = "10", pages = "888-4", }
