Contribution of the SidePlate Beam-Column Connections to the Seismic Responses of Special Moment Frames
The present study is an attempt to demonstrate the significant levels of contribution of the moment-resisting beam-column connections with side plates to the earthquake behavior of special steel moment frames. To this end, the moment-curvature relationships of a regular beam-column connection and its SidePlate counterpart were determined with the help of finite element analyses. The connection stiffness and deformability values from these finite element analyses were used in the linear time-history analyses of an example structural steel frame under three different seismic excitations. The top-story lateral drift, base shear, and overturning moment values in two orthogonal directions were obtained from these time-history analyses and compared to each other. The results revealed the improvements in the system response with the use of SidePlate connections. The paper ends with crucial recommendations for the plan and design of further studies on this very topic.
[1] A. Deylami and R. Ashraf, “Moment resisting connection with SidePlate (geometric aspects),” Paper No. 194, in Proc. 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, Canada, August 1-6, 2004.
[2] American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), ANSI/AISC 358-16: Prequalified Connections for Special and Intermediate Steel Moment Frames for Seismic Applications. Chicago, U.S.A, 2016.
[3] MiTek, “Sideplate plus connection design SMF test H2 close up,” https://www.sideplate.com/r-d/
[4] M. D. Engelhardt and T. A. Sabol, “Reinforcing of steel moment connections with cover plates: Benefits and limitations,” Eng. Struct., vol. 20, issues 4-6, pp. 510-520, 1998.
[5] C. C. Chou, K. C. Tsai, Y. Y. Wang, and C. K. Jao, “Seismic rehabilitation performance of steel side plate moment connections,” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., vol. 39, pp. 23-44, 2010. DOI: http://doi.org/ 10.1002/eqe.931.
[6] M. R. Shiravand and A. Deylami, “Application of full depth side plate to moment connection of I-beam to double-I column,” Adv. Struct. Eng., vol. 13, issue 6, pp. 1047-1062, 2010.
[7] S. A. Jalali, M. Banazadeh, A. Abolmaali, and E. Tafakori, “Probabilistic seismic demand assessment of steel moment frames with side-plate connections,” Scientia Iranica, Trans. A: Civ. Eng. vol. 19, issue 1, pp. 27-40, 2012.
[8] I. Faridmehr, M. H. Osman, M. B. M. Tahir, A. F. Nejad, and R. Hodjati, “Seismic and progressive collapse assessment of SidePlate moment connection system,” Struct. Eng. Mech., vol. 54, issue 1, pp. 35-54, January 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2015.54.1.035
[9] Y. Q. Huang, J. P. Hao, R. Bai, C. L. Fan, and Q. Xue, “Mechanical behaviors of side-plate joint between walled concrete-filled steel tubular column and H-shaped steel beam,” Adv. Steel Constr. , vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 346–353, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.18057/IJASC.2020.16.4.7.
[10] W. Zhang, S. Jia, X. Xiong, Z. Chen, H. Liu, T. Su, and Q. Du, “Investigation of side plate connections in an S-CFST column frame under a column-loss scenario,” Struct., vol. 32, pp. 1302-1319, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.03.039
[11] H. Liu, J. Hao, Q. Xue, and X. Sun, “Seismic performance of a wall-type concrete-filled steel tubular column with a double side-plate I-beam connection,” Thin Walled Struct., vol. 159, pp. 107175, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2020.107175.
[12] H. C. Liu, J. P. Hao, Q. Xue, and Y. Q. Huang, “Stress response and initial stiffness of side plate connections to WCFT columns,” Adv. Steel Constr., vol. 17, issue 3, pp. 306-317, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18057/ IJASC.2021.17.3.9.
[13] IDEA StatiCa S.R.O., IDEA StatiCa- Structural Design Software for Steel and Concrete, Brno, Czech Republic.
[14] Computers & Structures, Inc., SAP2000 Structural Analysis and Design, Walnut Creek, CA, U.S.A.
[15] American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), ANSI/AISC 341-16: Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings. Chicago, U.S.A, 2016.
[16] Y. B. Sonmezer, I. Kalkan, S. Bas, and S. O. Akbas, “Effects of the use of the surface spectrum of a specific region on seismic performances of R/C structures,” Nat. Hazard., vol. 93, pp. 1203–1229, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-3347-3
[17] Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), NEHRP recommended provisions for seismic provisions for new buildings and other structures (FEMA 450). Part 1: Provisions, Washington D.C., U.S.A., 2004.
[18] European Committee for Standardization (CEN), EN 1998-1: Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance- Part 1: General Rules, Seismic actions and Rules for Buildings. Brussels, Belgium, 2004.
[19] Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, The Turkish Seismic Code (TSC) - Specification for Buildings to be Built in Seismic Zones, Ankara, Republic of Turkey, 2007.
[20] Standards New Zealand, NZS1170.5:2004: Structural Design Actions, Parts 5 Earthquake Actions – New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand, 2004.
[21] B. Toprak, S. Bas, and I. Kalkan, “Effects of fly ash column treatment of HP clayey soils on seismic behavior of R/C structures,” Geomech. Eng., vol. 25, issue 6, pp. 473-480, 2021. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.25.6.473
[22] S. Bas, J. H. Lee, M. Sevinc, and I. Kalkan, “Seismic performance of R/C structures under vertical ground motion,” Comput. Concr., vol. 20, issue 4, pp. 369-380, 2017. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.25.6.473
[23] Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, PEER Ground Motion Database. Retrieved from https://ngawest2.berkeley.edu.
[1] A. Deylami and R. Ashraf, “Moment resisting connection with SidePlate (geometric aspects),” Paper No. 194, in Proc. 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, Canada, August 1-6, 2004.
[2] American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), ANSI/AISC 358-16: Prequalified Connections for Special and Intermediate Steel Moment Frames for Seismic Applications. Chicago, U.S.A, 2016.
[3] MiTek, “Sideplate plus connection design SMF test H2 close up,” https://www.sideplate.com/r-d/
[4] M. D. Engelhardt and T. A. Sabol, “Reinforcing of steel moment connections with cover plates: Benefits and limitations,” Eng. Struct., vol. 20, issues 4-6, pp. 510-520, 1998.
[5] C. C. Chou, K. C. Tsai, Y. Y. Wang, and C. K. Jao, “Seismic rehabilitation performance of steel side plate moment connections,” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., vol. 39, pp. 23-44, 2010. DOI: http://doi.org/ 10.1002/eqe.931.
[6] M. R. Shiravand and A. Deylami, “Application of full depth side plate to moment connection of I-beam to double-I column,” Adv. Struct. Eng., vol. 13, issue 6, pp. 1047-1062, 2010.
[7] S. A. Jalali, M. Banazadeh, A. Abolmaali, and E. Tafakori, “Probabilistic seismic demand assessment of steel moment frames with side-plate connections,” Scientia Iranica, Trans. A: Civ. Eng. vol. 19, issue 1, pp. 27-40, 2012.
[8] I. Faridmehr, M. H. Osman, M. B. M. Tahir, A. F. Nejad, and R. Hodjati, “Seismic and progressive collapse assessment of SidePlate moment connection system,” Struct. Eng. Mech., vol. 54, issue 1, pp. 35-54, January 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2015.54.1.035
[9] Y. Q. Huang, J. P. Hao, R. Bai, C. L. Fan, and Q. Xue, “Mechanical behaviors of side-plate joint between walled concrete-filled steel tubular column and H-shaped steel beam,” Adv. Steel Constr. , vol. 16, issue 4, pp. 346–353, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.18057/IJASC.2020.16.4.7.
[10] W. Zhang, S. Jia, X. Xiong, Z. Chen, H. Liu, T. Su, and Q. Du, “Investigation of side plate connections in an S-CFST column frame under a column-loss scenario,” Struct., vol. 32, pp. 1302-1319, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.03.039
[11] H. Liu, J. Hao, Q. Xue, and X. Sun, “Seismic performance of a wall-type concrete-filled steel tubular column with a double side-plate I-beam connection,” Thin Walled Struct., vol. 159, pp. 107175, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2020.107175.
[12] H. C. Liu, J. P. Hao, Q. Xue, and Y. Q. Huang, “Stress response and initial stiffness of side plate connections to WCFT columns,” Adv. Steel Constr., vol. 17, issue 3, pp. 306-317, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18057/ IJASC.2021.17.3.9.
[13] IDEA StatiCa S.R.O., IDEA StatiCa- Structural Design Software for Steel and Concrete, Brno, Czech Republic.
[14] Computers & Structures, Inc., SAP2000 Structural Analysis and Design, Walnut Creek, CA, U.S.A.
[15] American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), ANSI/AISC 341-16: Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings. Chicago, U.S.A, 2016.
[16] Y. B. Sonmezer, I. Kalkan, S. Bas, and S. O. Akbas, “Effects of the use of the surface spectrum of a specific region on seismic performances of R/C structures,” Nat. Hazard., vol. 93, pp. 1203–1229, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-3347-3
[17] Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), NEHRP recommended provisions for seismic provisions for new buildings and other structures (FEMA 450). Part 1: Provisions, Washington D.C., U.S.A., 2004.
[18] European Committee for Standardization (CEN), EN 1998-1: Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance- Part 1: General Rules, Seismic actions and Rules for Buildings. Brussels, Belgium, 2004.
[19] Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, The Turkish Seismic Code (TSC) - Specification for Buildings to be Built in Seismic Zones, Ankara, Republic of Turkey, 2007.
[20] Standards New Zealand, NZS1170.5:2004: Structural Design Actions, Parts 5 Earthquake Actions – New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand, 2004.
[21] B. Toprak, S. Bas, and I. Kalkan, “Effects of fly ash column treatment of HP clayey soils on seismic behavior of R/C structures,” Geomech. Eng., vol. 25, issue 6, pp. 473-480, 2021. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.25.6.473
[22] S. Bas, J. H. Lee, M. Sevinc, and I. Kalkan, “Seismic performance of R/C structures under vertical ground motion,” Comput. Concr., vol. 20, issue 4, pp. 369-380, 2017. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.25.6.473
[23] Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, PEER Ground Motion Database. Retrieved from https://ngawest2.berkeley.edu.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:80836", author = "Gökhan Yüksel and Serdar Akça and İlker Kalkan", title = "Contribution of the SidePlate Beam-Column Connections to the Seismic Responses of Special Moment Frames", abstract = "The present study is an attempt to demonstrate the significant levels of contribution of the moment-resisting beam-column connections with side plates to the earthquake behavior of special steel moment frames. To this end, the moment-curvature relationships of a regular beam-column connection and its SidePlate counterpart were determined with the help of finite element analyses. The connection stiffness and deformability values from these finite element analyses were used in the linear time-history analyses of an example structural steel frame under three different seismic excitations. The top-story lateral drift, base shear, and overturning moment values in two orthogonal directions were obtained from these time-history analyses and compared to each other. The results revealed the improvements in the system response with the use of SidePlate connections. The paper ends with crucial recommendations for the plan and design of further studies on this very topic.", keywords = "Seismic detailing, special moment frame, steel structures, beam-column connection, earthquake-resistant design.", volume = "16", number = "6", pages = "153-7", }
