Concentration of Nitrogen in a Forested Headwater Stream in Japan
The balance between nitrogen loading and runoff in the
forested headwater streams of the Kanna River was estimated to
elucidate the current status of nitrogen saturation in a forested
watershed. NO3-N concentration in the study area was far higher than
the average value in Japan. Estimated nitrogen runoff accounted for
55–57% of nitrogen loading; suggesting that the forest-s nitrogen
retention capacity is most likely in decline. Since the 1970s, Japan-s
forestry industry has been declining due to the decrease in lumber
demand and increase in cheap imported materials. Thus, this decline
will contribute significantly to further reducing nitrogen saturation in
forest ecosystems.
[1] M. Yoh, E. Konohira, and K. Yagi, "Regional distribution of natural
stream nitrate in central Japan," Water Air Soil Pollut., vol. 130, pp.
655-660, 2001.
[2] Z. Zhang, T. Fukushima, P. Shi, F. Tao, Y. Onda, T. Gomi, S. Mizugaki,
Y. Asano, K. Kosugi, S. Hiramatsu, H. Kitahara, K. Kuraji, T. Terajima,
and K. Matsushige, "Seasonal changes of nitrate concentrations in
baseflow headwaters of coniferous forest in Japan: A significant indicator
for N saturation," Catena, vol. 76, pp. 63-69, 2008.
[3] Z. Zhang, T. Fukushima, P. Shi, F. Tao, Y. Onda, T. Gomi, S. Mizugaki,
Y. Asano, K. Kosugi, S. Hiramatsu, H. Kitahara, K. Kuraji, T. Terajima,
and K. Matsuhige, "Baseflow concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus
in forested headwaters in Japan," Sci. Tot. Environ., vol. 402, pp.
113-122, 2008.
[4] P. M. Vitousek and R.W. Howarth, "Nitrogen limitation on land and in
the sea: How can it occur?" Biogeochemistry, vol. 13, pp. 87-115, 1991.
[5] W. T. Peterjohn, M. B. Adams, and F. S. Gilliam, "Symptoms of nitrogen
saturation in two central Appalachian hardwood forest ecosystems,"
Biogeochemistry, vol. 35, pp. 507-522, 1996.
[6] J. D. Aber, K. J. Nadelhoffer, P. Steudler, and J. M. Mellilo, "Nitrogen
saturation in northern forest ecosystems," Bioscience, vol. 38, pp.
378-386, 1989.
[7] K. Hasegawa and S. Kobatake, "Characteristics of nitrate concentration
of headwater streams located in the northwest of Tokyo Metropolitan
Area," J. Jpn. For. Soc., vol. 88, pp. 534-540, 2006.
[8] G. K. Phoenix, W. K. Hicks, S. Cinderby, J. C. I. Kuylenstierna, W. D.
Stock, F. J. Dentener, K. E. Giller, A. T. Austin, R. B. Lefroy, B. S.
Gimeno, M. R. Ashmoress, and P. Ineson, "Atmospheric nitrogen
deposition in the world biodiversity hotspots: the need for a greater global
perspective in assessing N deposition impacts," Global Change Biology,
vol. 12, pp. 1-7, 2006.
[9] J. N. Galloway, J. D. Aber, J. W. Erisman, S. P. Seitzinger, R. W.
Howarth, E. B. Cowling, and B. J. Cosby, "The nitrogen cascade,"
Bioscience, vol. 53, pp. 341-356, 2003.
[10] M. Watanabe, Newsletter of National Institute for Environmental Studies,
vol. 27, Ibaraki, Tsukuba: National Institute for Environmental Studies,
2008, pp. 6-8.
[11] K. Kumagai, H. Tago, A. Iijima, K. Kozawa, and K. Sakamoto,
"Chemical composition and seasonal characteristics of fine particles in
the plain and mountain are of Gunma," J. Jpn. Soc. Atmos. Environ., vol.
45, pp. 10-20.
[12] T. Aoi, "Nitrogen pollution in the upper basin of Tone river without
artificial sources," Global Environ. Res., vol. 15, pp. 145-152, 2010.
[13] K. Itadera, "Estimation of evapotranspiration amount in Hakone
Sengokubara district, Kanagawa Prefecture," Annu. Rep. of Hot Springs
Res. Inst. of Kanagawa Pref., vol. 37, pp. 51-56, 2005.
[14] R. Hatano, T. Nagumo, H. Hata, and K. Kuramochi, "Impact of nitrogen
cycling on stream water quality in a basin associated with forest,
grassland, and animal husbandry, Hokkaido, Japan," Ecol. Eng., vol. 24,
pp. 509-515, 2005.
[15] Forestry Agency, Japan, Annual Report on Forest and Forestry in Japan
(FY 2011), Minato-ku, Tokyo: The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and
Fisheries of Japan, 2012.
[1] M. Yoh, E. Konohira, and K. Yagi, "Regional distribution of natural
stream nitrate in central Japan," Water Air Soil Pollut., vol. 130, pp.
655-660, 2001.
[2] Z. Zhang, T. Fukushima, P. Shi, F. Tao, Y. Onda, T. Gomi, S. Mizugaki,
Y. Asano, K. Kosugi, S. Hiramatsu, H. Kitahara, K. Kuraji, T. Terajima,
and K. Matsushige, "Seasonal changes of nitrate concentrations in
baseflow headwaters of coniferous forest in Japan: A significant indicator
for N saturation," Catena, vol. 76, pp. 63-69, 2008.
[3] Z. Zhang, T. Fukushima, P. Shi, F. Tao, Y. Onda, T. Gomi, S. Mizugaki,
Y. Asano, K. Kosugi, S. Hiramatsu, H. Kitahara, K. Kuraji, T. Terajima,
and K. Matsuhige, "Baseflow concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus
in forested headwaters in Japan," Sci. Tot. Environ., vol. 402, pp.
113-122, 2008.
[4] P. M. Vitousek and R.W. Howarth, "Nitrogen limitation on land and in
the sea: How can it occur?" Biogeochemistry, vol. 13, pp. 87-115, 1991.
[5] W. T. Peterjohn, M. B. Adams, and F. S. Gilliam, "Symptoms of nitrogen
saturation in two central Appalachian hardwood forest ecosystems,"
Biogeochemistry, vol. 35, pp. 507-522, 1996.
[6] J. D. Aber, K. J. Nadelhoffer, P. Steudler, and J. M. Mellilo, "Nitrogen
saturation in northern forest ecosystems," Bioscience, vol. 38, pp.
378-386, 1989.
[7] K. Hasegawa and S. Kobatake, "Characteristics of nitrate concentration
of headwater streams located in the northwest of Tokyo Metropolitan
Area," J. Jpn. For. Soc., vol. 88, pp. 534-540, 2006.
[8] G. K. Phoenix, W. K. Hicks, S. Cinderby, J. C. I. Kuylenstierna, W. D.
Stock, F. J. Dentener, K. E. Giller, A. T. Austin, R. B. Lefroy, B. S.
Gimeno, M. R. Ashmoress, and P. Ineson, "Atmospheric nitrogen
deposition in the world biodiversity hotspots: the need for a greater global
perspective in assessing N deposition impacts," Global Change Biology,
vol. 12, pp. 1-7, 2006.
[9] J. N. Galloway, J. D. Aber, J. W. Erisman, S. P. Seitzinger, R. W.
Howarth, E. B. Cowling, and B. J. Cosby, "The nitrogen cascade,"
Bioscience, vol. 53, pp. 341-356, 2003.
[10] M. Watanabe, Newsletter of National Institute for Environmental Studies,
vol. 27, Ibaraki, Tsukuba: National Institute for Environmental Studies,
2008, pp. 6-8.
[11] K. Kumagai, H. Tago, A. Iijima, K. Kozawa, and K. Sakamoto,
"Chemical composition and seasonal characteristics of fine particles in
the plain and mountain are of Gunma," J. Jpn. Soc. Atmos. Environ., vol.
45, pp. 10-20.
[12] T. Aoi, "Nitrogen pollution in the upper basin of Tone river without
artificial sources," Global Environ. Res., vol. 15, pp. 145-152, 2010.
[13] K. Itadera, "Estimation of evapotranspiration amount in Hakone
Sengokubara district, Kanagawa Prefecture," Annu. Rep. of Hot Springs
Res. Inst. of Kanagawa Pref., vol. 37, pp. 51-56, 2005.
[14] R. Hatano, T. Nagumo, H. Hata, and K. Kuramochi, "Impact of nitrogen
cycling on stream water quality in a basin associated with forest,
grassland, and animal husbandry, Hokkaido, Japan," Ecol. Eng., vol. 24,
pp. 509-515, 2005.
[15] Forestry Agency, Japan, Annual Report on Forest and Forestry in Japan
(FY 2011), Minato-ku, Tokyo: The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and
Fisheries of Japan, 2012.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:62984", author = "Sakura Yoshii and Kana Sekiguchi and Akihiro Iijima", title = "Concentration of Nitrogen in a Forested Headwater Stream in Japan", abstract = "The balance between nitrogen loading and runoff in the
forested headwater streams of the Kanna River was estimated to
elucidate the current status of nitrogen saturation in a forested
watershed. NO3-N concentration in the study area was far higher than
the average value in Japan. Estimated nitrogen runoff accounted for
55–57% of nitrogen loading; suggesting that the forest-s nitrogen
retention capacity is most likely in decline. Since the 1970s, Japan-s
forestry industry has been declining due to the decrease in lumber
demand and increase in cheap imported materials. Thus, this decline
will contribute significantly to further reducing nitrogen saturation in
forest ecosystems.", keywords = "Dissolved inorganic nitrogen species, Forest
management, Nitrogen Saturation, Watershed.", volume = "6", number = "12", pages = "804-4", }
