This paper presents comparative analysis of
photovoltaic systems (PVS) and propose practical techniques to
improve operational efficiency of the PVS. The best engineering and
construction practices for PVS are identified and field oriented
recommendation are made. Comparative analysis of central and
string inverter based, as well as 600 and 1000VDC PVS are
performed. In addition, direct current (DC) and alternating current
(AC) photovoltaic (PV) module based systems are compared.
Comparison shows that 1000V DC String Inverters based PVS is the
best choice.
[1] A. Woodward, “Heat, cold and climate change”, Journal of
Epidemiology and Community Health, vol. 68, (2014).
[2] S. Shafiee, and E. Topal, “When will fossil fuel reserves be
diminished?”, Energy Policy, vol. 37, (2009).
[3] International Energy Outlook 2013, US Energy Information
Administration http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/ieo/, (accessed Aug. 2014).
[4] http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/resources/energydevelopment/,
(accessed Sep. 2014).
[5] M. Amin & P. F. Schewe, “Preventing Blackouts”, Scientific American,
(2007).
[6] The world wind energy association, “world wind energy report 2009”
http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/worldwindenergyreport20
09_s.pdf, (accessed Feb. 2014).
[7] The National Renewable Energy Lab report “2012 Renewable Energy
Data Book” http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60197.pdf, (accessed
Feb. 2014).
[8] J. P. Dunlop, “Photovoltaic Systems”, 2nd edition, (2010).
[9] S. Anand, R. S. Farswan, B. Mangu, and B.G. Fernandes, “Optimal
Charging of Battery Using Solar PV in Standalone DC System”, IET
Intl. Conf., P. Electronics, Machines and Drives, (2012).
[10] L. Piegari and R. Rizzo, “Adaptive perturb and observe algorithm for
photovoltaic maximum power point tracking”, IET Renewable P.
Generation, vol. 4, (2010).
[11] T. Salami, M. Bouzguenda, A. Gastli, and A. Masmoudi,
“Matlab/Simulink based modeling of solar photovoltaic cell”, Intl. J. of
Renewable Energy research, vol. 2, (2012).
[12] V. Sangsawang and S. Chaitusaney, “Modeling of photovoltaic module
from commercial specification in datasheet”, IEEE Conf. of
Electrical/Electronic Eng., Comp., Telecom. and Info. Technology,
(2012).
[13] J. Summerfield, “Modeling the lithium ion battery”, J. of Chemical
Education, vol. 90, (2013).
[14] P. H. L. Notten, and D. Danilov, “From battery modeling to Battery
Management”, IEEE 33rd Intl. Telecomm. Energy Conf., (2011).
[15] Z. Wang and H. Li, “Integrated MPPT and bidirectional battery charger
for PV application using one multiphase interleaved three-port dc-dc
converter”, 26th IEEE Applied P. Electronics Conf. and Exposition,
(2011).
[16] S. A. Lakshmanan, B. S. Rajpourhit, A. Jain, “Modeling and analysis of
3-phase VSI using SPWM technique for grid connected solar PV
system”, IEEE Conf. on Electrical, Electronics and Comp. Science,
(2014).
[17] I. M. Syed and A. Yazdani, "Simple Mathematical Model of
Photovoltaic Module for Simulation in Matlab/Simulink", Canadian
Conf. on Elec. and Computer Engineering, IEEE, (2014).
[18] I. M. Syed and K. Raahemifar, “Alternating Current Photovoltaic
Module Model”, Intl. J. of Elec., Comp., Electro., and Comm., Eng.
Vol:9, No:3, (2015)
[19] I. M. Syed and K. Raahemifar, “Model Predictive Control of Single
Phase Inverter for PV System”, Intl. J. of Elec. Comp. Electro. and
Comm. Eng., vol. 8, No:11, (2014).
[20] X. Zhu and Z. Liao, “Energy management for stand-alone PV system”,
Intl. Colloquium on Computing, Communication, Control, and
Management, vol. 4, (2009).
[21] Q. Kang, X. Xiao, H. Yi, and Z. Nie, “Energy management in grid
connected PV systems with supercapacitor energy storage”, Intl. Conf.
on Electrical Machines and Systems, (2011).
[22] I. M. Syed and K. Raahemifar, “Space Vector PWM and Model
Predictive Control for Voltage Source Inverter Control”, Intl. J. of Elec.
Comp. Electro. and Comm. Eng., vol. 8, (2014).
[23] IEEE Application Guide for IEEE Std 1547™, IEEE Standard for
Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems,
IEEE Std 1547.2™-2008.
[24] Schneider Electric, Conext CL-NA 18/25 kW Solar Inverter Datasheet,
http://solar.schneider-electric.com/product/conext-cl-na-solar-inverter.
[1] A. Woodward, “Heat, cold and climate change”, Journal of
Epidemiology and Community Health, vol. 68, (2014).
[2] S. Shafiee, and E. Topal, “When will fossil fuel reserves be
diminished?”, Energy Policy, vol. 37, (2009).
[3] International Energy Outlook 2013, US Energy Information
Administration http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/ieo/, (accessed Aug. 2014).
[4] http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/resources/energydevelopment/,
(accessed Sep. 2014).
[5] M. Amin & P. F. Schewe, “Preventing Blackouts”, Scientific American,
(2007).
[6] The world wind energy association, “world wind energy report 2009”
http://www.wwindea.org/home/images/stories/worldwindenergyreport20
09_s.pdf, (accessed Feb. 2014).
[7] The National Renewable Energy Lab report “2012 Renewable Energy
Data Book” http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/60197.pdf, (accessed
Feb. 2014).
[8] J. P. Dunlop, “Photovoltaic Systems”, 2nd edition, (2010).
[9] S. Anand, R. S. Farswan, B. Mangu, and B.G. Fernandes, “Optimal
Charging of Battery Using Solar PV in Standalone DC System”, IET
Intl. Conf., P. Electronics, Machines and Drives, (2012).
[10] L. Piegari and R. Rizzo, “Adaptive perturb and observe algorithm for
photovoltaic maximum power point tracking”, IET Renewable P.
Generation, vol. 4, (2010).
[11] T. Salami, M. Bouzguenda, A. Gastli, and A. Masmoudi,
“Matlab/Simulink based modeling of solar photovoltaic cell”, Intl. J. of
Renewable Energy research, vol. 2, (2012).
[12] V. Sangsawang and S. Chaitusaney, “Modeling of photovoltaic module
from commercial specification in datasheet”, IEEE Conf. of
Electrical/Electronic Eng., Comp., Telecom. and Info. Technology,
(2012).
[13] J. Summerfield, “Modeling the lithium ion battery”, J. of Chemical
Education, vol. 90, (2013).
[14] P. H. L. Notten, and D. Danilov, “From battery modeling to Battery
Management”, IEEE 33rd Intl. Telecomm. Energy Conf., (2011).
[15] Z. Wang and H. Li, “Integrated MPPT and bidirectional battery charger
for PV application using one multiphase interleaved three-port dc-dc
converter”, 26th IEEE Applied P. Electronics Conf. and Exposition,
(2011).
[16] S. A. Lakshmanan, B. S. Rajpourhit, A. Jain, “Modeling and analysis of
3-phase VSI using SPWM technique for grid connected solar PV
system”, IEEE Conf. on Electrical, Electronics and Comp. Science,
(2014).
[17] I. M. Syed and A. Yazdani, "Simple Mathematical Model of
Photovoltaic Module for Simulation in Matlab/Simulink", Canadian
Conf. on Elec. and Computer Engineering, IEEE, (2014).
[18] I. M. Syed and K. Raahemifar, “Alternating Current Photovoltaic
Module Model”, Intl. J. of Elec., Comp., Electro., and Comm., Eng.
Vol:9, No:3, (2015)
[19] I. M. Syed and K. Raahemifar, “Model Predictive Control of Single
Phase Inverter for PV System”, Intl. J. of Elec. Comp. Electro. and
Comm. Eng., vol. 8, No:11, (2014).
[20] X. Zhu and Z. Liao, “Energy management for stand-alone PV system”,
Intl. Colloquium on Computing, Communication, Control, and
Management, vol. 4, (2009).
[21] Q. Kang, X. Xiao, H. Yi, and Z. Nie, “Energy management in grid
connected PV systems with supercapacitor energy storage”, Intl. Conf.
on Electrical Machines and Systems, (2011).
[22] I. M. Syed and K. Raahemifar, “Space Vector PWM and Model
Predictive Control for Voltage Source Inverter Control”, Intl. J. of Elec.
Comp. Electro. and Comm. Eng., vol. 8, (2014).
[23] IEEE Application Guide for IEEE Std 1547™, IEEE Standard for
Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems,
IEEE Std 1547.2™-2008.
[24] Schneider Electric, Conext CL-NA 18/25 kW Solar Inverter Datasheet,
http://solar.schneider-electric.com/product/conext-cl-na-solar-inverter.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:71098", author = "Irtaza M. Syed and Kaamran Raahemifar", title = "Comparative Analysis of Photovoltaic Systems", abstract = "This paper presents comparative analysis of
photovoltaic systems (PVS) and propose practical techniques to
improve operational efficiency of the PVS. The best engineering and
construction practices for PVS are identified and field oriented
recommendation are made. Comparative analysis of central and
string inverter based, as well as 600 and 1000VDC PVS are
performed. In addition, direct current (DC) and alternating current
(AC) photovoltaic (PV) module based systems are compared.
Comparison shows that 1000V DC String Inverters based PVS is the
best choice.", keywords = "Photovoltaic module, photovoltaic systems,
operational efficiency improvement, comparative analysis.", volume = "9", number = "10", pages = "1134-8", }
