Characterization of Screening Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Harboring mecA Genes among Intensive Care Unit Patients from Tertiary Care Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia
The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) harboring mecA genes from screening isolates among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. All MRSA screening isolates from ICU’s patients of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during 2011 and 2014 were included in this study. Identification and susceptibility test was performed using Vitek2 system (Biomereux®). PCR was conducted to characterize the SCCmec of S. aureus harboring the mecA gene on each isolate. Patient’s history of illness was traced through medical record. 24 isolates from 327 screening isolates were MRSA positive (7.3%). From PCR, we found 17 (70.8%) isolates carrying SCCmec type I, 3 (12.5%) isolates carrying SCCmec type III, and 2 (8.3%) isolates carrying SCCmec type IV. In conclusion, SCCmec type I is the most prevalent MRSA colonization among ICU patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.
[1] David MZ, Daum RS. Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic. 2010. Clinical Microbiology Review. 23:616-687
[2] Honda H, Krauss MJ, Coopersmith CM, Kollef MH, Richmond Am, Fraser VJ, Warren DK. Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization and Subsequent Infection in Intensive Care Unit Patients: Does Methicillin Resistance Matter? 2010. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. 31:584-591
[3] Santosaningsih D, Santoso S, Budayanti NS, Kuntaman, Lestari ES, Farida H, Hapsari R, et al. Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus Harboring the Mec A or Panton-Valentine Leukocidine Genes in Hospitals in Java and Bali, Indonesia. 2014. Am. J. Trop. Hyg. 90:728-734
[4] McClure J-A, Conly JM, Lau V, Elsayed S, Louie T, Hutchins W, Zhang K. Novel Multiplex PCR Assay for Detection of the Staphylococcal Virulence Marker Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Genes and Simultaneous Discrimination of Methicillin-Susceptible from –Resistant Staphylococci. 2006. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 44:1141-1144
[5] Otter JA, French GL. Review Community-associated meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the case for a genotypic definition. Journal of Hospital Infection 2012;81:143-8.
[6] Zhang K, McClure J-A, Elsayed S, Louie T, Conly JM. Multiplex PCR Assay for Characterization and Concomitant Subtyping of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Types I to V in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 2005. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 43:5026-5033
[7] Santosaningsih D, Santoso S, Budayanti NS, Suata K, Lestari ES, Wahjono H, Djamal A, et al. Characterisation of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates harbouring mec A or Panton–Valentine leukocidin genes from four tertiary care hospitals in Indonesia. 2016. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 21:610-618
[8] Zhang K, Sparling J, Chow BL, et al. New Quadriplex PCR Assay for Detection of Methicillin and Mupirocin Resistance and Simultaneous Discrimination of Staphylococcus aureus from Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci. 2004. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 42:4947-4955
[9] Kondo Y, Ito T, Ma XX, et al. Combination of Multiplex PCRs for Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Type Assignment: Rapid Identification System for mec, ccr, and Major Differences in Junkyard Regions. 2007. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 51:264-274.
[10] Sangeetha G, John J, Ranjith J. Comparison of Different Phenotypic Methods With PCR Detection of MecA Gene for Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). 2012. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 4:Suppl 4
[11] Boye K, Bartels, Andersen IS, Møller JA, Westh H. A new multiplex PCR for easy screening of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SCCmec types I–V. 2007. Clinical Microbiology Infection. 13:725-727
[12] Wang J-T, Liao C-H, Fang C-T, et al. incidence of and Risk Factors for Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Acquired Infection or Colonization in Intensive-Care-Unit Patients. 2010. Journal Clinical Microbiology. 48:4439–4444
[13] Garcia-Alvarez L, Holden MT, Lindsay H, Webb CR, Brown DF, Curran MD, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a novel mecA homologue in human and bovine population in the UK and Denmark: a descriptive study. 2011. Lancet Infectious Diseases. 11:595-603
[14] Fluit AC. What to do with MRSA with a novel mec gene? 2011. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 11:580-581
[15] Oh M, Tan S. Prevalence and risk factor analysis for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in an acute care hospital. 2013. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control. 2:54.
[16] Ridgway JP, Peterson LR, Brown EC, Hongyan D, Hebert C, Thomson RB, Kaul KL, Robicsek A. Clinical Significance of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization on Hospital Admission: One-Year Infection Risk. 2013. Plos One. 8:1-9
[1] David MZ, Daum RS. Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic. 2010. Clinical Microbiology Review. 23:616-687
[2] Honda H, Krauss MJ, Coopersmith CM, Kollef MH, Richmond Am, Fraser VJ, Warren DK. Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization and Subsequent Infection in Intensive Care Unit Patients: Does Methicillin Resistance Matter? 2010. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. 31:584-591
[3] Santosaningsih D, Santoso S, Budayanti NS, Kuntaman, Lestari ES, Farida H, Hapsari R, et al. Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus Harboring the Mec A or Panton-Valentine Leukocidine Genes in Hospitals in Java and Bali, Indonesia. 2014. Am. J. Trop. Hyg. 90:728-734
[4] McClure J-A, Conly JM, Lau V, Elsayed S, Louie T, Hutchins W, Zhang K. Novel Multiplex PCR Assay for Detection of the Staphylococcal Virulence Marker Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Genes and Simultaneous Discrimination of Methicillin-Susceptible from –Resistant Staphylococci. 2006. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 44:1141-1144
[5] Otter JA, French GL. Review Community-associated meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: the case for a genotypic definition. Journal of Hospital Infection 2012;81:143-8.
[6] Zhang K, McClure J-A, Elsayed S, Louie T, Conly JM. Multiplex PCR Assay for Characterization and Concomitant Subtyping of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Types I to V in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 2005. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 43:5026-5033
[7] Santosaningsih D, Santoso S, Budayanti NS, Suata K, Lestari ES, Wahjono H, Djamal A, et al. Characterisation of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates harbouring mec A or Panton–Valentine leukocidin genes from four tertiary care hospitals in Indonesia. 2016. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 21:610-618
[8] Zhang K, Sparling J, Chow BL, et al. New Quadriplex PCR Assay for Detection of Methicillin and Mupirocin Resistance and Simultaneous Discrimination of Staphylococcus aureus from Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci. 2004. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 42:4947-4955
[9] Kondo Y, Ito T, Ma XX, et al. Combination of Multiplex PCRs for Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Type Assignment: Rapid Identification System for mec, ccr, and Major Differences in Junkyard Regions. 2007. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 51:264-274.
[10] Sangeetha G, John J, Ranjith J. Comparison of Different Phenotypic Methods With PCR Detection of MecA Gene for Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). 2012. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 4:Suppl 4
[11] Boye K, Bartels, Andersen IS, Møller JA, Westh H. A new multiplex PCR for easy screening of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SCCmec types I–V. 2007. Clinical Microbiology Infection. 13:725-727
[12] Wang J-T, Liao C-H, Fang C-T, et al. incidence of and Risk Factors for Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Acquired Infection or Colonization in Intensive-Care-Unit Patients. 2010. Journal Clinical Microbiology. 48:4439–4444
[13] Garcia-Alvarez L, Holden MT, Lindsay H, Webb CR, Brown DF, Curran MD, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a novel mecA homologue in human and bovine population in the UK and Denmark: a descriptive study. 2011. Lancet Infectious Diseases. 11:595-603
[14] Fluit AC. What to do with MRSA with a novel mec gene? 2011. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 11:580-581
[15] Oh M, Tan S. Prevalence and risk factor analysis for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in an acute care hospital. 2013. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control. 2:54.
[16] Ridgway JP, Peterson LR, Brown EC, Hongyan D, Hebert C, Thomson RB, Kaul KL, Robicsek A. Clinical Significance of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization on Hospital Admission: One-Year Infection Risk. 2013. Plos One. 8:1-9
@article{"International Journal of Medical, Medicine and Health Sciences:74792", author = "Delly C. Lestari and Linosefa and Ardiana Kusumaningrum and Andi Yasmon and Anis Karuniawati", title = "Characterization of Screening Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Harboring mecA Genes among Intensive Care Unit Patients from Tertiary Care Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia", abstract = "The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) harboring mecA genes from screening isolates among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. All MRSA screening isolates from ICU’s patients of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during 2011 and 2014 were included in this study. Identification and susceptibility test was performed using Vitek2 system (Biomereux®). PCR was conducted to characterize the SCCmec of S. aureus harboring the mecA gene on each isolate. Patient’s history of illness was traced through medical record. 24 isolates from 327 screening isolates were MRSA positive (7.3%). From PCR, we found 17 (70.8%) isolates carrying SCCmec type I, 3 (12.5%) isolates carrying SCCmec type III, and 2 (8.3%) isolates carrying SCCmec type IV. In conclusion, SCCmec type I is the most prevalent MRSA colonization among ICU patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.", keywords = "MRSA, mecA genes, ICU, colonization.", volume = "11", number = "1", pages = "23-4", }
